Why is the Terminator tank support combat vehicle not being adopted? Russian "Terminator": what domestic tank support combat vehicles are capable of Fire support combat vehicle terminator 2.

1. Introduction

The main difference between the proposed alternative BMPT-72A from the existing BMPT "Terminator" and the new BMPT-72 "Terminator-2" is in the armament complex. The sketch of the alternative BMPT-72A was drawn on the basis of the projections of the T-72MP tank.

Perhaps it would be right to start the article with a question "Why do we need an alternative BMPT, if there is a new BMPT-72 anyway?"

Let's try to find the answer to this question by comparing the new BMPT-72 with other tank support vehicles (including their prototypes) according to several individual criteria that are relevant for the BMPT:

the number of simultaneously hit targets;

availability of auxiliary anti-personnel weapons;

the effectiveness of the main artillery weapons.

1.1. Number of simultaneously hit targets

BMPT "Terminator" ( ) . There is enough information on the Internet about the advantages and disadvantages of the first serial BMPT created on the basis of the T-90 tank on the topic "Frame-99", which you can read and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of this vehicle. Obviously, the main idea of ​​​​the BMPT "Frame-99" was precisely in the crew from 5 people, 4 of which monitor the battlefield through individual observation devices and are capable of hitting independently of each other 3 different goals simultaneously. This layout solution allows (according to official information) one such BMPT to effectively replace several BMPs on the battlefield. During the operation and testing of this machine, various shortcomings in its armament and layout with a crew of 5 people were identified. Machine weight - 48 tons. An important advantage of this BMPT is the small sweeping radius of the trunks, which ensures the rotation of the tower by 360 degrees even in the cramped streets of cities, which allows you to fire at the enemy in buildings almost point-blank.

BMPT-72 "Terminator-2" ( ) - new (2013), simpler and more budget vehicle, designed for the mass conversion of old models of T-72 tanks into modern BMPTs. The crew of the new vehicle is a standard tank crew, 3 people. The BMPT-72 weapon system is similar to the previous Ramka-99 BMPT, but with some changes - two AGS-17D automatic grenade launchers were excluded. As a result, the new machine is capable of hitting only 1 target. It is difficult to say how critical this “cutting” of weapons is, since the machine has just appeared. The mass of the new BMPT has decreased to 44 tons, which expands the range of modernization of old T-72 tanks with 780 and 840 hp engines. Also, the BMPT-72 outperforms its predecessor in terms of the area of ​​weakened zones in the upper projection of the hull - this area has noticeably decreased (there are no longer three hatches in the front of the hull, not covered by the turret, which are vulnerable to RPG shots from above).

BMPT prototypes developed in the 1980s ( ):

Option number 1.Base - tank T-72. Armament - 2 automatic 30-mm guns 2A72 with synchronized guidance + 2 side launchers 2 x 6 NAR S-8 (80 mm cumulative fragmentation rocket). Crew - 3 people.

1.

Option number 2.Base - chassis based on the T-72. Armament - 2 independent automatic 30-mm cannons 2A72 + coaxial 7.62 mm machine guns, 2 automatic 40-mm grenade launchers, 2 ATGM launchers, 2 x 12.7 mm independent NSVT machine gun mounts. Crew - 7 people.

The number of simultaneously hit targets - 6.

Option number 3. Base - chassis based on the T-72. Armament - twin 100 mm 2A70 cannon + 30 mm 2A72 cannon + 7.62 mm PKT machine gun, 2 independent 40 mm automatic grenade launchers paired with 7.62 mm machine guns, 2 autonomous machine gun mounts with 7.62 mm machine guns on the sides of the hull and one installation with a 40-mm grenade launcher on the tower. Crew - 5 + 2 people.

The number of simultaneously hit targets - 6.

Main battle tanksOBT.

Most modern tanks have a remote-controlled machine gun mount (controlled by the commander), which allows the tank to simultaneously fire at2 goals.

Perhaps the number of simultaneously hit targets is not so significant for a modern BMPT, but given the declared multifunctionality of this machine, this criterion should not be the last one.

1.2. Availability of auxiliary anti-personnel weapons

BMPT is a tank support vehicle, that is, this vehicle must reliably hit those targets that are difficult for a tank to hit - infantry, ATGM crews, highly maneuverable light vehicles and low-flying air targets. Consequently, the main focus of the armament of the BMPT should be on anti-personnel and partly anti-aircraft weapons.

Fig.1. BMPT "Terminator". Armament - 2x30-mm 2A42 cannons, 1x7.62-mm machine gun, 2 independent AG-17D grenade launchers, 4 Ataka-T ATGM launchers.

The armament of the BMPT "Terminator" includes 2 independent 30-mm AGS-17D grenade launchers. Two of the three experimental BMPT prototypes created back in the 1980s also had automatic anti-personnel grenade launchers (2 and 3 grenade launchers).

The BMPT prototype, which did not have a grenade launcher, was armed with two launchers with 12 S-8 aircraft missiles, each such missile has a cumulative fragmentation warhead (400 mm armor penetration + 500 ready-made fragments).

The presence of two grenade launchers in the BMPT "Terminator", as you know, caused a lot of conflicting opinions. Obviously, the problem is not in the grenade launchers themselves, but in the rather limited angles of their guidance on this BMPT and the lack of their stabilization systems. Additionally, the impracticality of using vehicles with a non-standard crew of 5 people (3 people of a standard crew + 2 grenade launcher operators) was revealed.

The armament of the new BMPT-72, as noted above, does not include AGS-17 automatic grenade launchers, which limits its combat capabilities compared to other BMPTs.

Fig.2. Prototype BMPT option 2. Armament - 2 x 30 mm 2A72 cannons, 2 x 7.62 mm PKT machine guns, 2 x 40 mm automatic grenade launchers, 2 x 12.7 mm NSVT machine guns, 2 ATGM launchers.

Fig.3. BMPT-72 (2013). Armament - 2x30 mm 2A42 cannons, 1x7.62 mm machine gun, 4 Ataka-T ATGM launchers.

It turns out that it is logical that the presence of an anti-personnel automatic grenade launcher of 30 or 40 mm caliber is desirable for a modern BMPT.

1.3. The effectiveness of the main artillery armament

The composition of the artillery armament of all the above BMPTs includes a 30-mm automatic gun 2A42 (two or one). There is a lot of different information and opinions on the effectiveness of this gun as part of the BMPT weapon system, which, for the most part, argue for the low efficiency of using a gun of this caliber on a modern BMPT.

Let's look at this question from the other side: "what are the advantages in armament of the BMPT-72 over a tank with an auxiliary automatic gun of 30 mm caliber?"

For comparison, let's take the Slovak tank T-72M2 Moderna-2.

Fig.4. Slovak tank T-72M2 "Modern 2". On the right rear of the turret is the installation of a 30-mm automatic gun 2A42.

The above comparative information shows that the BMPT-72 does not have significant advantages in armament over the T-72 Moderna-2 tank. The main advantages of the BMPT-72A in service:

minimum sweeping radius of trunks;

the ability to switch the type of projectile, thanks to the two-tape feed guns(on "Modern-2" a single feed of a 30-mm gun);

larger portable ammunition load of 30-mm rounds (850 pieces);

a larger angle of vertical guidance of the guns (45 (60) degrees versus 35 degrees);

a larger ammunition load of 7.62 mm rounds (2500 pieces);

The Ataka ATGM is superior to the TUR in terms of armor penetration and launch range.

A comparison of these two vehicles, which are in principle different in purpose, is not objective, but at first glance, the modernization of T-72 tanks into BMPT tanks in the likeness of Moderna-2 looks easier and cheaper than the conversion into BMPT-72, which does not have significant advantages in armament over the T-72 "Modern-2".

Fig.5. Tank T-64E. In order to eliminate the weakened zone of the turret to the right of the cannon (in the area where the coaxial machine gun was installed on previous modifications of the T-64), the coaxial machine gun was moved to the left rear of the tank turret. Behind the hatch of the tank commander, an automatic 23-mm gun GSh-23 is installed.

The situation is similar with the upgraded T-64E tank. If this tank is re-equipped with a 30 mm cannon (instead of the rotating 23 mm GSh-23 cannon mounted on its turret), it also becomes a BMPT tank, also capable of hitting two goals simultaneously.

Obviously, a modern BMPT should have noticeable advantages over a tank in the fight against a “tank-dangerous” enemy, since this is its main task.

The priority artillery system for the BMPT can be an anti-aircraft gun. It is known that ZSU-2-57, ZSU "Shilka" and ZSU "Tunguska" were effectively used in various conflicts specifically to destroy ground targets, but it was impossible to use them fully as BMPTs due to weak armor protection.

The main anti-aircraft guns developed in the USSR, which can be used for BMPTs:

23mmanti-aircraft quad gun (ZSU "Shilka"),rate of fire -850 shots/min. on the trunk;

30 mmdouble-barreled gun 2A38 (ZSU "Tunguska"),rate of fire -2500 shots/min.

37mmanti-aircraft gun 2A11 (experimental ZSU "Yenisei"),rate of fire -524 shots/min. on the trunk;

57 mmanti-aircraft gun S-60 (ZSU-2-57, PT-76B with BM "Burevestnik"),rate of fire -120 shots / min per barrel.

The feasibility of using guns:

23-30 mm guns are considered insufficiently powerful for BMPTs, it is problematic to equip cartridges of this caliber with remote fuses.

The 37-mm assault rifle is belt-fed and has a rate of fire almost as good as the rate of fire of the 30-mm 2A42 cannon; slight advantage in armor penetration in front of a 30 mm projectile.

The 57-mm cannon is the most promising for the BMPT - high ballistics, long firing range, powerful projectile, wide range of shots. One of important issues is an automatic loader for this gun, which should provide a rate of fire of 100-120 rounds / minute, required amount transportable ammunition and fast switching type of shells (the number of which in the ammo rack can be 3-5 pieces or more).

Fig.6. ZSU-57-2. Armament 2x57-mm guns S-60. Rate of fire - 240 shots / minute. Full ammunition - 300 shots. ZSU has effectively proven itself in various conflicts and wars as a powerful means of defeating various ground targets.

1.2. ALTERNATIVE BMPT-72A

The draft model of the BMPT-72A was made taking into account the above justifications for choosing a weapon system, which is arranged on the basis of the three described in section 1 criteria:

The number of simultaneously hit targets - simultaneously2 different goals;

Availability of auxiliary anti-personnel weapons -automatic grenade launcher;

The effectiveness of the main artillery weapons -57 mmanti-aircraft gun S-60.

Fig.7. Alternative BMPT-72A. The sketch was made on the basis of projections of the T-72MP tank.

Brief description of the machine:

BMPT-72A is a tank support vehicle based on the T-72 tank. The hull of the tank remains unchanged when converted to BMPT. The tank turret is undergoing changes - the embrasure is being modified for the installation of a 57-mm S-60 cannon and a coaxial 7.62-mm PKT machine gun. Attached to the rear of the turret is an armored container with an automatic ammo rack for 76 rounds. On the right side of the container is a remote-controlled installation armed with a 30-mm automatic grenade launcher and two mortars for smoke or lighting grenades. On the sides of the tower there are retractable launchers of the Ataka-T ATGM, which in the stowed position are protected by an armored screen with hinged dynamic protection.

Fig.8. BMPT-72A in combat position. Before launch, blocks with ATGMs rise up. If necessary, the Ataka-T ATGM launchers can be changed to 80 mm NAR S-8 launchers.

Depending on the task, the BMPT-72A weapon system can vary in various weapon combinations. All BMPT weapon modules are unified in terms of mounts and guidance system, which makes it possible practically in the field to re-equip vehicles with various weapons by their crews.

Nomenclature of auxiliary weapons:

remote control with 30 mm AGS-17D grenade launcher;

remote control with 12.7 mm NSVT machine gun;

remote control with a 7.62 mm PKT machine gun;

remote control with 23-mm gun GSh-23 (alternative configuration);

Remote control with 40 mm UAG-40 grenade launcher (alternative equipment).

Remote controlled installation (RC) controlled by the BMPT commander and has independent stabilization in 2 planes. Ammunition (grenades, cartridges or shells) is located at the bottom of the installation (pedestal). The tape with ammunition is twisted by a “snail”, the shots in it are in a vertical position, they occupy almost the entire volume of the “pedestal”. At the bottom of the feeder there is a special transition of the tape with shots from a vertical to a horizontal position. The electric drive, which rotates the entire remote installation in a horizontal plane by 360 degrees, is located in the gap between the container with 57-mm shots, the right Ataka-T ATGM launcher and the rear right part of the tower.

Remote installation is universal, to change the type of weapon it is necessary to change only the machine gun itself, grenade launcher or cannon, without changing the "pedestal".

Nomenclature launchers:

2 x 2 launchers ATGM "Ataka-T";

2 x 6 launchers NAR S-8 (AR-8);

2 x 2 PU MANPADS "Igla-S / Igla-V" (alternative configuration);

combinations of the above complexes.

Launchers (PU) in the stowed position are hidden in special niches on the sides of the tower. The niches are protected by armored screens with hinged dynamic protection. Before the shot, the blocks with PU rise up and to the required vertical aiming angle in the range from 0 to 30 degrees. It is possible to equip the launcher with a vertical stabilization system for firing S-8 (AR-8) unguided missiles on the move.

Several options for completing the BMPT-72A remote module:

Fig.9. Armament options for the BMPT-72A.

3. Comparative characteristics BMPT

Armor protection BMPT-72A:

Armor protection of an alternative BMPT, in this case, is at the level of protection of the T-72MP tank. The sides of the tower are additionally protected by armored screens, 20 mm thick, with a hinged remote sensing. The blocks with PU inside create an additional barrier to the cumulative jet or kinetic ammunition.

Thus, the dimension of the side armor of the tower is: DZ + 20 mm + 400 ... .800 mm (compartment with PU and PU drives) + 80 mm main armor + turret lining.

The rear of the turret is additionally protected by a container with automatic ammo rack and anti-cumulative grille. The container is airtight and has a lockable airlock for feeding shots into the BO. In case of damage to the container in its upper part there are covers for the release of the energy of the explosion. Also, this container makes the standard T-72 turret more balanced.

The dimensions of the rear of the tower are: Lattice + 400 mm (boxes with spare parts) + 650 mm (container size) + 60 mm main armor + lining.

Additionally, all tanks-racks were removed from the BO and the control compartment, they were replaced with safer protected fuel tanks. External fuel tanks - on the fenders, similarly as on the T-72MP tank.

It is planned to install an auxiliary diesel generator (in the rear of the left fender) and an air conditioner.

The OPVT equipment is standard for the T-72 tank, the fording depth is up to 5 meters. The OPVT pipe (not shown in the sketch) is supposed to be mounted on top of the container with shots in a horizontal position, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the BMPT.

4. Comparative characteristics of automatic guns.

It is absolutely obvious that the comparison of these two artillery systems cannot be fair - the 30mm cannon is not a competitor to the 57mm in terms of projectile power and firing range, respectively - the 57mm is inferior to the 30mm in terms of rate of fire and the amount of ammunition carried.

It was not possible to install two guns at once (57-mm and 30-mm) in a rather limited BO of the T-72 tank. Accordingly, the choice is made towards anti-aircraft gun S-60, which has a wider range of targets than the 30mm cannon:

Fig.10. Targets hit by BMPT-72A

An important advantage of the 57-mm guns is the ability to use remotely exploded HE and fragmentation shells, the use of new anti-aircraft and cumulative shells.

Draft angles of vertical guidance of the gun -5 ... + 60 degrees. The gun and machine gun are stabilized in two planes. It is planned to install modernized gunner's and commander's sights, which provide aiming the gun at the target in the vertical range of -5 ... + 60 degrees.

The gun ammunition consists of 182 shots located in the automatic loader and additional compartments.

5. Automatic loader for 57 mm BMPT-72A gun

Fig.11. Automatic loader BMPT-72A

Figure 11 shows one of options automatic loader for 57 mm shots. One of the main limitations when modeling an autoloader is the height of the T-72 fighting compartment (if you look at the photos of the PT-76B with the Burevestnik BM, its turret is higher than the standard PT-76 turret with a 76-mm cannon), since the breech of the C gun -60 is quite overall and it is necessary to provide for its normal lowering down at the maximum elevation angle of the gun. Shown in blue shot orientator- it is rigidly fixed in the turret and ensures the transportation of the shot to the gun in any of its vertical positions. Given the increased number of cannon loading operations, its rate of fire is expected to drop to 100 rounds per minute.

Comparative characteristics of automatic loaders:

The BMPT-72A automatic loader consists of 2 parts:

1) Carousel mechanism, with a capacity of 54 shots;

2) A container with a chain mechanism for 76 shots.

The principle of operation of the carousel mechanism:

Fully equipped carousel (54 shots) scrolls one full turn for automatic identification of shots using a special reader (shown in the diagram). Data on the number of shots of each type and their sequence are entered into the FCS computer.

After the gunner selects the type of shot and the firing mode (let's consider the example of a burst of 3 shots), the carousel scrolls to the required shot, which is pushed out of it (inside) into the lifting mechanism , after pushing shot number 1 carousel fails shot #2 (of the same type) and waits for the hoist to be released.

The gun is loaded at any of its vertical position in the range of pointing angles -5 ... + 60 degrees.Orientatorshot (shown in blue in Figure 11) takes shot #1 from the lifting mechanism, turns it to the desired angle and feeds it into the gun. At this moment, from the carousel is served shot #2 into the lifting mechanism, then the carousel leads to the lift shot #3 and stops in standby mode.

Volley. Sleeve #1 thrown out through the hole near the coaxial machine gun. At this point, the submission shot number 2 into the shot orientator and loading the gun. Parallel, shot #3 is pushed out of the carousel into the lifting mechanism and follows per shot number 2 .

Obviously, this carousel machine is an order of magnitude more complicated than an autoloader combat module"Petrel" for PT-76B, provides for more electric drives and has more operations. This is due to the impossibility (at least, on a scale sketch, this could not be done) of placing a conveyor with shots (as on the Burevestnik) rigidly connected to the gun, since the T-72 tank initially has a BO limited in volume and height + large angles gun pointing -5 ... + 60 degrees.

Previously, the carousel automatic loader has the following drives:

- reversible electric drive rotating the carousel;

- electromechanical shot ejector from the carousel;

- electromechanical shot lift;

– electromechanical drive of the shot orientator.

All drives are electromechanical, which reduces the fire hazard of the BMPT as a whole.

Replenishment of the carousel mechanism in automatic mode:

The gunner turns on the mode "carousel replenishment" and sets the type of shot required. The chain is rewound until the desired type of shot is found, which, usingpusherfed into the tower in a special cassettefeeder. After serving - the chain moves one shot and waits for the cassette to be released.

The carousel scrolls and brings an empty cell under the feeder cassette. The feeder moves down 90 degrees, the bottom of the cassette opens and the shot slides down into the empty cell.

The carousel advances to the next empty cell, and the whole cycle repeats.

After filling the carousel with shots, it scrolls one full turn to identify the shots and enter new data into the FCS.

Chain feed mechanism works independently of the carousel. It has its own shot identification device. Damage, detonation or jamming of the chain feed mechanism does not affect the performance of the SLA and the carousel automatic loader. In some way, the container with a chain feeder additionally protects the rear of the tower from RPGs and ATGMs, since its size is approximately 650 mm.

The chain feed mechanism includes three main drives:

Reversible electric drive with a gearbox, rewinding the chain with shots;

Electromechanical shot pusher;

Cassette tipper drive.

Replenishment of the carousel machine from a manual ammo rack (52 shots):

The gunner or commander turns on the mode "manual replenishment" , in this mode, the carousel automatically brings empty cells to the gunner or commander (depending on who turned on the manual replenishment mode).

The loader (it can be either a commander or a gunner) manually takes out the shots from the ammo rack and sets them vertically in the empty carousel cells. After that, the carousel brings the next empty cell.

After completing the entire operation and turning off the mode "manual replenishment" - the carousel makes a full turn to identify the shots and transfer this information to the FCS.

Loading the gun in manual "emergency" mode:

In the event of failure or damage to any mechanism of the carousel automatic loader, a mode is provided "manual loading" .

In manual mode, only the gunner can load the gun. ATorientator shots, a special lock for manual loading is provided, the entrance to which is available at extreme vertical angle cannon declination - (minus) 5 degrees.

After turning on the mode gunner "manual loading" . The gun goes to the loading line - 5 degrees. The gunner puts the desired shot into the opening window of the loading chamber.

The cycle is repeated.

Disadvantages of the alternative BMPT-72A:

large radius sweeping the trunk 57-mm cannon, which goes beyond the dimensions of the hull when the turret is rotated 360 degrees, which makes it almost impossible to turn the turret on a very narrow city street - the result of a purely tank layout of the BMPT-72A (however, its barrel is shorter than the standard 125-mm cannon by about 1600 mm );

large mass of BMPT-72A- 47 tons, which significantly reduces the specific power and mobility of the vehicle, in the case of re-equipment of obsolete T-72 tanks with engines with a capacity of 780 and 840 hp. Thus, when converting old tanks into BMPTs, it is also necessary to install new engines (with a capacity of 1000 hp or more), which will increase the cost of an alternative BMPT;

rather complex automatic loader, consisting of two separate loading mechanisms, reducing the rate of fire (approximately) to 100 rounds per minute;

for an emergency transition of the driver to the BO he needs to get 4-5 shots from the carousel (a problem similar to tanks of the T-64 and T-80 type, only in the BMPT-72A the driver himself can get the shots). Spare hatch - in the bottom of the hull behind the driver's seat;

this "tank" layout does not allow to provide the angle of vertical elevation of the S-60 gun more than + 55 ... 60 degrees.

P. S. The proposed alternative BMPT-72A is only a draft author's work, which does not claim any exact technical correspondence.

Unfortunately, over the past 20 years, our armored forces have been repeatedly used in the most unfortunate situations for them, which is why the tankers suffered significant losses in equipment and personnel. In many respects, all this is due to the fact that MBTs were used in urban areas, without adequate cover for them by groups of infantrymen. In principle, all this was thought about by the Soviet developers, who created the machine, which later received the sonorous nickname "Terminator". BMPT, that is, tanks, was supposed to accompany tank units, subject to cleaning up cities and suppressing the actions of enemy grenade launchers and operators missile systems, being in close cooperation with their foot soldiers.

It must be said that the development of such equipment was started back in the USSR, even during the Afghan campaign. Then the unpleasant features of the domestic BMP-1/2 were already revealed, which were too easily knocked out even from heavy machine guns, but they had to operate in “tank” conditions, for which, theoretically, this armored vehicle was intended (albeit partially). The first model of the BMPT "Terminator" (you will see a photo of the car in the article) was called "Viper", but after the collapse of the USSR, everyone was not up to it.

Basic information

An experience recent years(especially the actions of the Americans in Iraq) clearly shows that in settlements well-equipped infantry fighting vehicles and armored personnel carriers are in no way inferior in their combat effectiveness, and sometimes even surpass tanks. This is due to the fact that their weapons are much better suited for identifying and eliminating the enemy, armed with heavy anti-tank weapons. In addition, practice shows that the enemy rarely uses expensive anti-tank systems to knock out light armored vehicles, preferring to use heavy machine guns. At the same time, the crew of the same BMP often remains alive, and the accompanying equipment reveals unmasking fire and destroys the enemy.

To do this, NATO troops prefer to use heavy infantry fighting vehicles, and in our country a special vehicle, the Terminator, has long been created for this purpose. This BMPT allows you to solve the widest range combat missions.

What it is?

For the first time, Rosoboronexport demonstrated this technique at international exhibition back in 2011, but it was created much earlier. This machine, which has a full range of weapons to protect against anti-tank weapons, as well as having a powerful "diagnostic" complex designed to identify and destroy enemy camouflaged manpower. The same technique can be used to destroy low-flying targets, including combat and transport helicopters, as well as drones. Because of what did the car get the "overseas" nickname "Terminator"? This BMPT really has no analogues in the world, and therefore it was dubbed so by the Western media, admiring the capabilities of the Russian novelty.

What is it for?

The BMPT is intended for operations as part of motorized rifle, tank and infantry units. But its main task is to identify and suppress all enemy weapons that pose a direct danger to tanks. The main weapon of the vehicle, the 10 mm OPU 2A70 cannon, which comes with an impressive ammunition load, allows it to effectively suppress the targets of the most various types at a distance of up to five thousand meters, as well as almost on an equal footing to fight even with heavy armored vehicles of the enemy.

So, at a distance of up to 2.5 thousand meters, the BMPT can effectively fight even with tanks. A 40-mm grenade launcher mounted on the turret makes it possible to destroy enemy manpower at a distance of up to two kilometers. This weapon clearly shows the layout of the BMPT "Terminator". The model (“Zvezda” TV showed it in one of the issues) allows you to visually verify the thoughtfulness and power of regular weapons.

If it becomes necessary to defeat heavy enemy armored vehicles at a distance of up to five kilometers, Arkan missiles are used, launched through the main gun. For the same purpose, the Kornet ATGM is mounted on board, the missiles of which are in containers protected against bullets and shrapnel. In both cases, it is possible to effectively destroy not only tanks, but also enemy helicopters at a distance of up to four kilometers (provided that they move along an inclined trajectory).

Features of the new machine

State trials assessed the possibility of defeating enemy manpower through the use of all weapon systems. Already the first prototype of the BMPT "Terminator" managed to impress everyone then. The test results were excellent. This is largely due not so much to the power of the guns as to the modern complex of observation devices, which until then were installed only on the latest domestic tanks(and even then in export configuration). Full complex weapons allows simultaneous firing at three targets at once.

Thus, in a combat situation, each crew member can perform his task. Because of this, even the prototype BMPT "Terminator" (6th level of armor protection, by the way), showed extremely a high degree combat effectiveness, to which even the performance of tanks does not always reach.

Caring for the life of the crew

This car stands out in particular due to the increased concern for the safety of the crew. Relatively small dimensions and thoughtful coloring ensure its low visibility on the battlefield. BMPT "Terminator", the photo of which is in the article, is equipped with built-in dynamic protection, which several times increases the chances of the crew to survive when shelled with cumulative ammunition. There is also an active system for setting smoke screens. When using it, equipment can be covered not only from visual detection by the enemy in combat conditions, but also significantly reduce the likelihood of it being hit by missiles with active systems homing. There is also the possibility of jamming artillery systems with laser targeting systems.

The side projections of the machine are completely covered by dynamic protection screens. In combination with remote lattice screens, which were developed at the Research Institute of Steel, this makes it possible to ensure maximum survivability of the Terminator BMPT. The combined model of this machine, which was repeatedly shown on TV, allows you to visually evaluate the armor of the hull.

The entire fuel supply is also placed in high-quality armored compartments inside the hull. Like the sides, the aft projection is completely covered with lattice screens. Even if the armor is pierced, the probability of hitting the crew with its fragments is minimized, since the entire internal volume of the troop compartment is lined with special fabric screens that protect people in the belly of the BMPT. "Terminator" drawings (general), which can sometimes be seen in the media, confirm that the degree of survival of fighters in this machine is certainly not lower than in a modern tank.

Mobility and maneuverability

Despite its impressive weight and armor, the car has excellent maneuverability and mobility. This was made possible by mounting a significantly improved diesel engine with a power of 1000 hp. With. There is a turbocharger, cooling - liquid, running gear and transmission - old, time-tested models that provide the greatest smoothness. If you look at the layout of the BMPT "Terminator" (model 1:35), it becomes obvious that the transmission was taken from the tanks of the T-72/90 family with virtually no changes.

One of the main features of the new machine is its modularity. Because of this, combat modules can be mounted on almost all types of tank chassis made in the USSR and Russia. The manufacturer claims that they can also be installed on relatively light infantry fighting vehicles and even on low-tonnage sea ​​boats. However, only time can reveal the specific possibilities of using this machine and its modifications.

In any case, available on this moment information suggests that the mass use of this equipment in the troops will significantly reduce losses, increase maneuverability and combat effectiveness of motorized infantry and tank troops. The new Terminator looks even more promising. BMPT-72, to be more precise.

BMPT-72

As you might guess from the name, the main difference from the previous model is the type of chassis used. In fairness, it should be said that even the first model of the Terminator BMPT was already created on the basis of the widespread and technologically advanced T-72 tank, but then they decided to use the more advanced T-90. The creators returned to the original version: there are a lot of stocks of early modifications of the T-72, which is important if there is a need for mass production of Terminators. In addition, the old T-72s are in service with dozens of states that are likely to be interested in buying the Terminator BMPT. Photos of this technique, which regularly appear in Western media, indirectly confirm this fact.

Second generation characteristics

The manufacturer himself claims that the mass of the second generation machine is 44 tons. Depending on the specific modification of the tank that was used for the conversion, the power of the installed engine varies from 800 to 1000 hp. With. The maximum speed on the highway is up to 60 km / h, on rough terrain - within 35-43 km / h. At one gas station, the car can travel up to 700 km.

Unlike the BMP-2 and even the BMP-3, which, contrary to the military doctrine used in our country, are simply unrealistic to use on a par with tanks, the BMPT can be used in the front echelon. In this case, not only tankers, but also suppliers will be happy: in fact, the chassis of the Terminator is no different from the T-72, so there will be no issues with spare parts.

You can immediately notice that the BMPT ("Terminator" drawings confirm this) is much heavier than the "clean" T-72 of the early series. This is explained by the installation of new combat modules and protection systems. The forehead and sides are covered with dynamic protection plates. The engine compartment is additionally equipped with gratings that prevent damage by cumulative grenades. Finally, to make it difficult to use anti-tank systems, there are jamming systems, as well as mortars for releasing smoke grenades.

Simplification and unification of production

Since the production of the new machine has been greatly simplified, this model has quite noticeable differences from the previous version. The crew consists of only three people: they removed two full-time grenade launchers and their weapons, leaving the driver, commander and gunner. These measures made it possible to significantly simplify the re-equipment of the old tank, since the layout of the armored volume remains practically unchanged. Finally, the absence of two people will greatly simplify both the training of the crew and the combat use of the vehicle.

Armament of the second modification

As in the previous case, the entire weapon system is mounted on the tower. In general, the Terminator BMPT itself, whose armament is disclosed in the article, fully fits into the standard T-72 shoulder strap, without requiring any modifications to the hull. Almost all tower equipment and weapons are completely identical to the first replica of the Terminator. But there are some technical nuances that significantly increase security and combat survivability cars. Particularly noticeable is the high-quality bulletproof booking of all the elements placed on the armor without exception.

The main trump card is two 30-mm 2A42 guns, which are fairly securely covered by an armored casing. Their total ammunition is 850 shells. The guns are "omnivorous"; any 30-mm domestic-made shells can be used for firing. Shooting can be carried out in two modes: rapid-fire, when the gun makes more than 500 rounds per minute, and slow, when the rate of fire does not exceed 200-300 rounds per minute. Directly above the guns is a PKTM machine gun, the ammunition for which is 2100 rounds. In urban combat conditions, it is extremely useful, providing increased security for the BMPT-72 Terminator.

Other improvements

There were many complaints about the first model, the essence of which was the poor security of the anti-tank systems. This time, the means are placed in two well-armored casings, inside of which there can be 9M120-1 or 9M120-1F / 4 missiles. They can effectively hit enemy heavy armored vehicles at a distance of up to six kilometers. Control complex - B07S1. His work was well covered at the presentation of the Terminator BMPT from Zvezda.

There are sights for the gunner and commander of the combat vehicle, the sighting system also includes a barrel stabilizer and a high-quality ballistic computer to facilitate aiming and increase combat effectiveness. The vehicle commander can use the sight using a thermal imaging or television channel. The field of view is stabilized in two planes. The commander also has his own rangefinder. The gunner has access to a sight with optical and thermal imaging channels. According to its characteristics, it is equivalent to the commander's one, but it has a special laser channel for directing guided missiles.

Since the machine is indeed equipped with normal sighting devices of the modern level, the commander has every chance of detecting the enemy at a distance of up to five kilometers. At night, this distance is reduced to 3.5 km. The gunner has the same opportunities for detecting targets. And this pleases, since on many domestic T-72s that are in the army, the gunner has Better conditions for work than even a commander who simply does not see what is available to his subordinate.

About the prospects of a new development

Immediately after the appearance new technology at exhibitions, representatives of the Ministry of Defense spoke about its prospects. Everyone has a firm confidence that the machine will find its customers. One of the main highlights of the BMPT is the running base, borrowed from the solid and unpretentious T-72. Since these tanks are used everywhere, customers will not have to spend much on retraining mechanics and crews.

An interesting feature of the new technology lies in the fact that it was originally created not only from the position of building new vehicles, but also with an eye to re-equipping tanks already in service. There is also official information from the manufacturer, which indicates the readiness to supply customers with not only finished vehicles, but also conversion kits with a team of engineers who can convert old T-72s on the spot. Firstly, this approach will cost several times cheaper. Secondly, on the spot, specialists will be better able to adapt the equipment they remake to local realities.

Possible disadvantages and claims

The level of protection, when compared with the previous model, remained at the same level. Hypothetically, the rejection of automatic grenade launchers can still play a negative role. But this circumstance is unlikely to scare away potential customers. In general, some claims towards the first "Terminator" just boiled down to the fact that it was stupid to keep two additional crew members just for the sake of 40-mm grenade launchers. And the point here is not so much in the combat effectiveness of such weapons, which is very high, but in limited aiming angles.

In principle, the characteristics of the barrel and missile weapons on this model, it is no worse than the one on its predecessor, so there should be no complaints in this matter. This is largely due to the fact that the developers really tried not only to develop a simple tank re-equipment project, but also took into account all the comments about the previous version. Judge for yourself: with minimal effort and cost to convert into a new model of weapons - what could be better?

By the way, the new car “lit up” even in the game Armored Warfare. BMPT "Terminator" is clearly "pushed" to the international arms markets, using all available media. However, in real life everything is in order: field tests of new equipment have already been carried out, as a result of which our military became very interested in its capabilities on the battlefield. It remains to be hoped that the Russian military will also receive this equipment (in the event of a positive decision on its production) in the proper quantity.

The need for this kind of BMPT is obvious, since in urban combat conditions it can not only effectively cover other heavy armored vehicles, but also act independently, being an extremely effective combat unit.

The head of the Main Armored Directorate of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Alexander Shevchenko, told reporters that before the end of the year, the unique development of Uralvagonzavod, the tank support combat vehicle (BMPT) Terminator, will be adopted by the Russian army.

According to Shevchenko, "many countries, primarily Israel and Syria," showed interest in the novelty.

Russian Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Rogozin was surprised that Tel Aviv and Damascus became interested in the Terminator so late. “Weird that they took so long to swing,” he wrote on Facebook.

In 2011-2013, 10 Terminators were sold to Kazakhstan. During the Army-2017 international forum, the Ministry of Defense and Uralvagonzavod signed a contract for the supply of BMPTs. The number of purchased cars is not reported.

• RIA News
• Sergei Subbotin

Universal combat vehicle

The nickname "Terminator" was given to a car under the code "object 199" Frame "of the Nizhny Tagil design office(JSC "UKBTM"). Since the beginning of the 2000s, the Terminator-1 and Terminator-2 have been created on the basis of the T-72A and T-90. In the near future, the Terminator-3 will appear on the T-14 Armata platform.

The vehicle is armed with one Kord machine gun, two 30-mm 2A42 cannons (850-900 rounds), two AGS-17 grenade launchers and four Ataka 9M120-1 anti-tank guided missiles (cumulative and thermobaric) with a laser guidance system.

"Terminator" is capable of hitting tanks and armored vehicles at a distance of up to 10 km, depending on the ammunition. In this case, the range of a tank gun usually does not exceed 5 km. The crew of the BMPT consists of five people: a commander, a gunner, a driver, two operators of course grenade launchers.

A feature of the "Terminator" is the modern automatic fire control system (FCS) "Frame". The machine is equipped with all-round ballistic protection against weapons of destruction. According to media reports, Uralvagonzavod intends to supply new-caliber guns and updated combat modules to the Terminator-3.

"Terminator" weighs about the same as a conventional tank - over 40 tons. The machine does not surpass tanks in maneuverability and speed. However, the BMPT commander has a 360 ° field of view thanks to five TNPO-260 periscope surveillance devices.

"Terminator" is, in fact, a universal combat vehicle capable of performing many important functions on the battlefield. But the primary task of the BMPT is to support the tank forces.

The armament of the Terminator is designed to destroy enemy tanks and armored vehicles, as well as anti-tank guns used by artillerymen. In addition, the BMPT can hit low-flying targets, destroy machine gun nests and other engineering fortifications where infantry is hiding.

• RIA News
• Mikhail Voskresensky

tanks under cover

Tanks must work under cover not only from the air, but also from the ground. This was well understood even in the USSR, studying the rich experience of military operations in which Soviet soldiers participated.

The first experimental tank support combat vehicle was created in the mid-1980s at the Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant under the code "object 781".

The BMPT was developed on the basis of the T-72B main tank. Chelyabinsk designers were inspired by the experience of using the "hellish thresher" (ZSU-57-2 self-propelled anti-aircraft tracked mount) in urban battles in Vietnam and the Middle East.

The experience of the war in Afghanistan also had a huge impact. In open areas and in urban conditions, tanks turned out to be fairly easy targets for enemy mobile missile systems. In such conditions, the BMP-2 demonstrated great efficiency, the advance of which was covered by the ZSU-23-4 Shilka self-propelled anti-aircraft gun.

• RIA News
• Kirill Kallinikov

The Soviet troops needed a new combat vehicle that would have tank-level armor and powerful weapons, including anti-aircraft. However, perestroika and the collapse of the USSR buried the original and necessary for ground forces project.

The need for BMPTs reappeared during the two Chechen campaigns, when, without proper artillery and aviation training, Russian tanks often found themselves trapped by militants, especially during the storming of cities.

The modern Syrian army has a similar problem. After the start civil war photos appeared on social networks showing the Soviet ZSU-57-2 - they were formally removed from service with the SAR army in the 1990s. According to unconfirmed reports, a number of "threshers" actually participated in the hostilities.

Syria will come in handy

The military expert of Gazeta.Ru, reserve colonel Mikhail Khodarenok believes that the use of the Terminators by the Syrian troops would be very appropriate. “The militants are often armed with ATGMs (anti-tank systems). Tanks have always been extremely vulnerable to the Mujahideen with grenade launchers. In addition, the Terminator should simplify the assault on cities, ”Khodarenok said to RT.

“In my opinion, Israel is unlikely to acquire the Terminators. The vehicle will most likely be in demand in Iran, other countries of the Middle East and states that are actively building up and developing tank forces, ”the source suggested.

“In Russia, the Terminators will probably go to tank units. However, for this it is necessary to revise the states, the tables to the states, organizational structure. This is a rather long process, and you need to prepare for the arrival of cars, ”Khodarenok noted.

MOSCOW, June 28 - RIA Novosti, Andrey Kots. The promising Russian tank support combat vehicle BMPT-72 "Terminator-2" first appeared in Syria. It was demonstrated to Bashar al-Assad by Valery Gerasimov, Chief of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces, during the visit of the Syrian President to the Khmeimim airbase. In a photo that has been circulated social networks and the media, captured the latest modification of the BMPT in sand camouflage, partially covered with a camouflage net. Apparently, this machine is part of the forces engaged in the defense of the Russian base along with the T-90 tanks.

The Syrian combat mission was the first for Terminator 2. Its predecessor was created back in 2001 and was known at that time under the designation "Object 199 "Frame". The BMPT is a machine with unique characteristics and very difficult fate. For many years, the Russian Ministry of Defense, under various pretexts, refused to accept it into service. Nevertheless, many experts believe that the appearance of a tank support combat vehicle in Syria can become an exam for its professional suitability and demand in the army. The further future of the "Terminator" depends on how it will show itself in the war.

land destroyer

The experience of the war in Afghanistan and the two Chechen campaigns showed that greatest danger for armored vehicles in combat conditions in the city and on rough terrain, enemy grenade launchers and operators of anti-tank missile systems (ATGM) represent. The BMPT was specially developed at Uralvagonzavod as a mobile and universal means of covering armored vehicles from infantry. As conceived by the designers, these vehicles were supposed to advance along with the tanks in one order of battle and attack any target that poses a danger to their charges.

To do this, the BMPT was literally stuffed with a variety of weapons systems. The modern BMPT-72 in this regard is more like a land destroyer, rather than a combat vehicle. Its main armament is a twin 30-mm automatic gun 2A42 (they are also installed on the BMP-2, BTR-90 and combat helicopters) with 900 rounds of ammunition. In addition to the cannons, a 7.62 mm PKT machine gun is installed in the turret. On the sides of the tower there are two armored casings, inside which are placed transport and launch containers with guided anti-tank missiles 9M120-1 or 9M120-1F / 4, capable of hitting targets at distances of up to six kilometers. In addition, two course automatic grenade launchers AG-17D are mounted in front of the hull for firing at infantry with fragmentation ammunition. This entire arsenal is mounted on the chassis of the T-72 tank. The first "Terminators" were operated by crews of five people.

It was originally planned to fully equip one company of the Ground Forces with early versions of the BMPT by 2010, but then the car was not accepted into service. In the period from 2011 to 2013, a batch of 10 Terminators was delivered to Kazakhstan. Nevertheless, the Ministry of Defense was in no hurry to completely abandon the BMPT and in 2013 held a special lesson on its combat use for teachers of the Ryazan Higher Airborne School. One of the main claims of the military against the BMPT at that time was too large a crew. However, in the BMPT-72 ("Terminator-2") it was possible to reduce it to three people.

Review problem

However, the Ministry of Defense had other complaints about this car. According to a member of the Expert Council of the Collegium of the Military-Industrial Commission of Russia, Colonel of the Reserve Tank Troops Viktor Murakhovsky, BMPT in ground forces until recently, it was simply not in demand.

“The main concern of a tank on the battlefield is to see the target,” the expert told RIA Novosti. “If he sees it, he will destroy it, whether it be a long-term firing point, an ATGM crew, an armored vehicle, a fighter with a grenade launcher. All this is hit by a tank within the line-of-sight range "That is, he has enough firepower. If we look at the surveillance equipment and sighting systems on the Terminators and on the main battle tanks, we will notice that they are absolutely identical. That is, the crew of the BMPT on the battlefield will see no more than the crew of the T- 72 or T-90. And in terms of the capabilities of hitting combat targets, a 125-mm tank gun will be more powerful than the 30-mm guns of the Terminator. As I understand it, the Ministry of Defense had a question: in what way could an BMPT, comparable in cost to a tank, be able to surpass it " .

Viktor Murakhovsky stressed that the appearance of Terminator-2 in Syria is quite natural. He recalled that at the beginning of 2017, the Ministry of Defense reported that 160 types of weapons were being tested in combat operations in this country, including those that had not yet passed military acceptance. According to the expert, the BMPT-72 captured in the photograph is the only Terminator-2 sample that exists "in metal". And the desire of the military to test it in conditions, in particular, combat in urban areas, is quite justified. Without such exploitation, all talk about its effectiveness or inefficiency is only theoretical reflections.

© Photo: Telegram account of the press service of the President of Syria

© Photo: Telegram account of the press service of the President of Syria

"We have experience combat use rapid-fire vehicles cannon armament in various military conflicts,” Murakhovsky said. — It's about about anti-aircraft systems "Shilka" and "Tunguska". But one must understand that small-caliber weapons, as the military say, do not destroy the target, but suppress it with fire. In some cases this is useful. However, many doubt that the BMPT will be able to replace infantry cover in the battle formations of armored vehicles. The motorized rifleman always sees more than the tanker and can react faster to any threat to the tank. In general, from the experience of my many years of service in the Ground Forces, I can say that the role of covering heavy armored vehicles is best played by artillery. We practiced the tactics of a tank offensive under the "umbrella" of fragmentation shells. They exploded at a height of 25-30 meters above the tank chain, covering a vast area with striking elements. No grenade launcher under such a flurry will stick out of the trench. And for tank armor the shrapnel was not dangerous."

The expert emphasized that one can argue about whether the army needs the Terminator or not, but the most important indicator is combat experience. The war will put everything in its place, he concluded.

"Terminator-3"

Whether the BMPT-72 will be accepted into service following the results of the Syrian exam or not is an open question. But it is known for sure that the developments obtained during the creation of this technique can be used in a fundamentally new tank support combat vehicle.

Back in 2016, Oleg Sienko, General Director of Uralvagonzavod, told RIA Novosti that his corporation had developed a concept for the development of vehicles based on the latest Armata platform, which consists of 28 advanced types of weapons, including air defense, heavy armored vehicles. Among them is the BMPT. Little is known about the future car. But it was reported, in particular, that instead of 30-mm guns, a more powerful 57-mm gun, as well as the latest sighting systems, protection systems, communications, and much more, could be installed on it.

Tank Support Fighting Vehicle (BMPT) "Terminator-2" has a very high export potential, and its world premiere at the exhibition in Nizhny Tagil was a success.

“The world premiere of the BMPT-72 Terminator-2 was a success today. Russian army this car was needed for about 20 years ago. Especially if you remember the heavy fighting during the assault on Grozny in December 1994-January 1995, when tank support was needed,” Rogozin said.

As the Deputy Prime Minister noted, the BMPT-72 is designed to support tanks, but the range of its application is much wider.

The car was developed by Uralvagonzavod. According to the corporation, this is a revolutionary modernization of the world famous T-72 tank. During the creation of the BMPT-72, the experience of creating and using the BMPT was taken into account, which for its firepower nicknamed "The Terminator".

The previous modification of the combat vehicle was already exhibited two years ago, but was not fully understood by foreign partners. But after the first deliveries of this equipment abroad took place, the situation changed. "There were deliveries of the Terminator to foreign partners, which showed that the vehicle really lives up to its name as a tank support combat vehicle," said Igor Sevastyanov, deputy general director of Rosoboronexport.

Like base model, "Terminator-2" is able to effectively solve the tasks of fire support for tanks and infantry in all types of combat operations, in complex geographical areas, at any Times of Day against any opponent. Among the differences from the previous model is an improved fire control system and the security of the turret combat module.

BMPT-72, representatives of Uralvagonzavod emphasize, provides a unique opportunity to all countries armed with the most bulk tank modernity of the T-72, quickly and at minimal cost to turn your army into a super-modern one, without acquiring new expensive vehicles, to make it powerful, mobile, highly protected and well-armed.

The tank fire support combat vehicle is distinguished by a high level of protection, firepower and controllability. It is capable of fighting tanks, infantry fighting vehicles and other armored targets of the enemy, repelling attacks from helicopters and low-flying aircraft, destroying firing structures, and also hitting infantry using grenade launchers and anti-tank systems.

A distinctive feature of the BMPT is all-aspect protection, highly effective means of searching and detecting targets, automated system fire control and multi-channel weapons with a large ammunition load.

The BMPT's arsenal includes two 30mm automatic cannons and a coaxial 7.62mm machine gun, two 30mm automatic grenade launchers, four supersonic rockets, and a large ammunition load for automatic weapons.