Impulse electromagnetic weapons are real circuits. Gaussian electromagnetic gun on a microcontroller

This project was implemented back in 2011. On the this moment everything has been dismantled for a long time, but the revival of the project is planned in the future.

Characteristics:
Number of steps: 1
Capacitor energy: 141J
Projectile energy: 2-3J
Switching type: Thyristor.
Capacitor charging voltage: 450V
Battery voltage: 7.4V (2x3.7V Li-Ion)
Battery capacity: 2.4Ah
Converter power: 70W
Additional options: tactical flashlight, laser sight.

The general scheme looks like this:

The assembly began with the selection of parts and the choice of the hull concept. Photo of the first stage of assembly, the body blank.

The body was glued from plastic using cyacrinolate.

The cover was fixed with ordinary bolts. But as it turned out, there was not enough space for them, and latches were invented, such as in various Chinese cases. This allowed us to reduce the number of bolts to 2 on the main cover and one from the power compartment.

The video shows a shot, the video was not filmed at the stage before the creation of the converter and painting.

A laser sight and a tactical flashlight of 4 bright LEDs were installed in the case. The photo below also shows the toggle switches for controlling the flashlight and sight, the power switch and the display panel.

And then the most difficult thing began - the design and assembly of the converter. The converter had to have sufficient power and at the same time manage with a supply voltage of 7.4V. This scheme was designed:

The IRL 2505 transistor requires a voltage of the order of 10V to fully open, so this scheme is used. Here, the top diode according to the circuit is used to start the converter, the timer gives several pulses, then the second output voltage of the transformer goes to the power bus and this diode closes, then the timer works from the voltage that it generates itself. Such requirements for the opening voltage of a field-effect transistor are necessary due to the fact that when fully open, the transistor has a resistance of about 0.5-0.6 ohms and practically does not heat up, which is especially important in compact wearable devices.

The converter turned out as intended, compact and powerful.

In the photo, the converter lights a 100W incandescent lamp to almost full heat, powered by a 6V 1.3Ah lead battery. The tester shows the voltage on the power bus equal to 10.72V, which is quite enough to fully open the transistor.

In the video, the operation of the converter to the light bulb.

List of radio elements

electromagnetic pistol"Pskov-1100", created by Russian amateur designer Evgeny Vasiliev in 2002-2003.
The theme of alternative weapons with futuristic design and capabilities has been around in inquisitive minds for a long time. And if earlier it was just a “virtual” model from a familiar game, now Russian enthusiasts have made a prototype.
While officials decide on the distribution firearms among ordinary citizens, these guys did not wait by making an electromagnetic-barrel.

The weight of the pistol is 1155 grams. It is powered by six AA NiCd batteries installed inside the case. Uses metal projectiles, 5 mm in diameter, 25 mm long and weighing 2.75 grams. The speed of the bullet at the exit is 33 meters per second. The kinetic energy of the projectile is 1.5 J. The current converter (DC/DC) charges the capacitors at 800 volts. In this case, the current through the coil is about 400 amperes.
The pistol can fire up to 50 shots without reloading. The time between shots is 25 seconds. The gun does not make any noise when fired. The gun can easily pierce a glass bottle or a sheet of tin. There are 8 rounds in the pistol magazine.
Who knows, perhaps the Research Institute of Military Development of the Russian Federation already has more powerful prototypes.

Specifications:
Caliber, mm: 4.95 mm;
Pistol weight, g: 1155;
Bullet weight, g: 2.75;
starting speed, m/s: 33;
Magazine capacity, bullets: 8;
Reload time, s: 22;
Power supply: 6 standard AA batteries

Only Russia is armed with electromagnetic munitions September 29th, 2017

Enterprises of the Russian military-industrial complex created a powerful electromagnetic missile "Alabuga", which has a warhead with an electric generator magnetic field high power. It was reported that it was able to cover an area of ​​3.5 kilometers with one blow and disable all electronics, turning it into a "pile of scrap metal."

Mikheev explained that "Alabuga" is not a specific weapon: under this code, in 2011-2012, a whole range of scientific research was completed, during which the main directions for the development of electronic weapons of the future were determined.

"A very serious theoretical assessment was carried out and practical work on laboratory models and specialized training grounds, during which the nomenclature of electronic weapons and the degree of their impact on equipment were determined," Mikheev said.

This effect can be of different intensity: "Starting from the usual interference effect with the temporary withdrawal of weapons systems and military equipment the enemy is out of order up to its complete electronic destruction, leading to energetic, destructive damage to the main electronic elements, boards, blocks and systems.

After the completion of this work, all data on its results were closed, and the very topic of microwave weapons fell into the category of critical technologies with the highest secrecy stamp, Mikheev emphasized.
"Today we can only say that all these developments have been translated into the plane of specific development work on the creation of electromagnetic weapons: shells, bombs, missiles carrying a special explosive magnetic generator, in which the so-called microwave electromagnetic pulse is created due to the energy of the explosion. , which disables all enemy equipment at a certain distance," the source said.

Such developments are carried out by all the leading world powers - in particular, the United States and China, the KRET representative concluded.

Today, Russia is the only country in the world that is armed with ammunition equipped with electromagnetic generators, said Chief Editor magazine "Arsenal of the Fatherland", a member of the expert council of the board of the military-industrial complex Viktor Murakhovsky.
This is how he commented on the words of Vladimir Mikheev, adviser to the first deputy general director of the Radioelectronic Technologies Concern, who said that radio-electronic munitions are being created in Russia that can disable enemy equipment due to a powerful microwave pulse.

"We have such regular ammunition - for example, there are such generators in the warheads of anti-aircraft missiles, there are also rounds for hand-held anti-tank grenade launchers equipped with such generators. In this area, we are at the forefront in the world, similar ammunition, as far as I know, so far on supply foreign armies no. In the United States and China, such equipment is now only at the testing stage," RIA Novosti quotes V. Murakhovsky.

The expert noted that today the Russian defense industry is working to increase the effectiveness of such ammunition, as well as to increase the electromagnetic pulse due to new materials and new design schemes. At the same time, Murakhovsky emphasized that it is not entirely correct to call such weapons "electromagnetic bombs", since today Russian army are only worth anti-aircraft missiles and grenade launchers equipped with such generators.

Speaking of electronic weapons of the future being developed today in Russia, the interlocutor cited as an example the microwave gun project, which is currently at the stage of scientific research.

"At the R&D stage there is a new product on tracked chassis, which generates radiation capable of incapacitating a drone at a great distance. This is exactly what is now colloquially called a "microwave gun," Murakhovsky said.

For the first time, the world saw a real-life prototype of electromagnetic weapons at the LIMA-2001 arms exhibition in Malaysia. There was an export version domestic complex"Knapsack-E". It is made on the MAZ-543 chassis, has a mass of about 5 tons, provides a guaranteed defeat of ground target electronics, an aircraft or guided munition at ranges up to 14 kilometers and disturbances in its operation at a distance of up to 40 km. Despite the fact that the first-born made a splash in the world media, experts noted a number of its shortcomings. Firstly, the size of an effectively hit target does not exceed 30 meters in diameter, and secondly, the weapon is disposable - reloading takes more than 20 minutes, during which the miracle cannon has already been shot 15 times from the air, and it can only work on targets in an open terrain, without the slightest visual obstruction. It is probably for these reasons that the Americans abandoned the creation of such directional EMP weapons, concentrating on laser technologies. Our gunsmiths decided to try their luck and try to "bring to mind" the technology of directed EMP radiation.

Based on active pulsed radiation, a similarity is obtained nuclear explosion, but without the radioactive component. Field tests have shown the high efficiency of the unit - not only radio-electronic, but also conventional electronic equipment of wired architecture, fails within a radius of 3.5 km. Those. not only removes the main communication headsets from normal operation, blinding and stunning the enemy, but actually leaves the whole unit without any local electronic control systems, including weapons. The advantages of such a "non-lethal" defeat are obvious - the enemy will only have to surrender, and the equipment can be obtained as a trophy. The only problem is effective means delivery of this charge - it has a relatively large mass and the missile must be large enough, and, as a result, very vulnerable to hitting air defense / missile defense systems, ”the expert explained.

Interesting are the developments of NIIRP (now a division of the Almaz-Antey Air Defense Concern) and the Physico-Technical Institute. Ioffe. Investigating the impact of powerful microwave radiation from the earth on air objects (targets), the specialists of these institutions unexpectedly received local plasma formations, which were obtained at the intersection of radiation flows from several sources. Upon contact with these formations, air targets underwent huge dynamic overloads and were destroyed. The coordinated work of microwave radiation sources made it possible to quickly change the focus point, that is, to retarget at great speed or to accompany objects of almost any aerodynamic characteristics. Experiments have shown that the impact is effective even on warheads of ICBMs. In fact, this is not even a microwave weapon, but combat plasmoids. Unfortunately, when in 1993 a team of authors presented a draft air defense/missile defense system based on these principles for consideration by the state, Boris Yeltsin immediately proposed a joint development to the American president. And although cooperation on the project did not take place, perhaps this was what prompted the Americans to create the HAARP (High freguencu Active Auroral Research Program) complex in Alaska - a research project to study the ionosphere and auroras. Note that for some reason that peaceful project has funding from the Pentagon's DARPA agency.

Reference:
The element base of the RES is very sensitive to energy overloads, and the flow of electromagnetic energy is sufficient high density capable of burning out semiconductor junctions, completely or partially disrupting their normal functioning. Low-frequency EMO creates electromagnetic pulsed radiation at frequencies below 1 MHz, high-frequency EMO affects microwave radiation - both pulsed and continuous. Low-frequency EMO affects the object through pickups on wired infrastructure, including telephone lines, cables external power supply, submission and removal of information. High-frequency EMO directly penetrates the object's electronic equipment through its antenna system. In addition to affecting the enemy's RES, high-frequency EMO can also affect the skin and internal organs of a person. At the same time, as a result of their heating in the body, chromosomal and genetic changes, activation and deactivation of viruses, transformation of immunological and behavioral reactions are possible.

chief technical means getting powerful electromagnetic impulses, which form the basis of low-frequency EMO, is a generator with explosive compression of the magnetic field. Another potential type of high level low frequency magnetic energy source could be a magnetodynamic generator powered by propellant or explosive. When implementing high-frequency EMO, such electronic devices as broadband magnetrons and klystrons, gyrotrons operating in the millimeter range, virtual cathode generators (vircators) using the centimeter range, free electron lasers and broadband plasma-beam lasers can be used as a generator of high-power microwave radiation. generators.

sources

Electromagnetic weapons: what the Russian army is ahead of competitors

Pulse electromagnetic weapon, or so-called. "jammers", is a real, already being tested, type of weapons of the Russian army. The United States and Israel are also conducting successful developments in this area, however, they have relied on the use of EMP systems to generate kinetic energy warhead.

We have taken the straight path damaging factor and created prototypes of several combat systems at once - for ground forces, Air Force and Navy. According to the specialists working on the project, the development of the technology has already passed the stage of field tests, but now there is work on the bugs and an attempt to increase the power, accuracy and range of radiation.

Today, our Alabuga, having exploded at an altitude of 200-300 meters, is able to turn off all electronic equipment within a radius of 3.5 km and leave military unit battalion / regiment scale without means of communication, control, fire guidance, while turning all the available enemy equipment into a pile of useless scrap metal. Except how to surrender and give to the advancing units of the Russian army heavy weapons as trophies, there are essentially no options left.

"Jammer" of electronics

For the first time, the world saw a real-life prototype of electromagnetic weapons at the LIMA-2001 arms exhibition in Malaysia. An export version of the domestic Ranets-E complex was presented there. It is made on the MAZ-543 chassis, has a mass of about 5 tons, provides a guaranteed defeat of ground target electronics, an aircraft or a guided munition at ranges up to 14 kilometers and disruption in its operation at a distance of up to 40 km.

Despite the fact that the first-born made a splash in the world media, experts noted a number of its shortcomings. Firstly, the size of an effectively hit target does not exceed 30 meters in diameter, and, secondly, the weapon is disposable - reloading takes more than 20 minutes, during which the miracle cannon has already been shot 15 times from the air, and it can only work on targets on open area, without the slightest visual obstruction.

It is probably for these reasons that the Americans abandoned the creation of such directional EMP weapons, concentrating on laser technologies. Our gunsmiths decided to try their luck and try to "bring to mind" the technology of directed EMP radiation.

A specialist of the Rostec concern, who, for obvious reasons, did not want to disclose his name, in an interview with Expert Online expressed the opinion that electromagnetic pulse weapons- is already a reality, but the whole problem lies in the methods of its delivery to the target. “We are working on a project to develop an electronic warfare complex classified as “OV” called “Alabuga”. This is a rocket, the warhead of which is a high-frequency high-power electromagnetic field generator.

Based on active pulsed radiation, a similarity of a nuclear explosion is obtained, only without a radioactive component. Field tests have shown the high efficiency of the block - not only radio-electronic, but also conventional electronic equipment of wired architecture, fails within a radius of 3.5 km. Those. not only removes the main communication headsets from normal operation, blinding and stunning the enemy, but actually leaves the whole unit without any local electronic control systems, including weapons.

The advantages of such a "non-lethal" defeat are obvious - the enemy will only have to surrender, and the equipment can be obtained as a trophy. The problem is only in the effective means of delivering this charge - it has a relatively large mass and the missile must be large enough, and, as a result, very vulnerable to hitting air defense / missile defense systems, ”the expert explained.

Interesting are the developments of NIIRP (now a division of the Almaz-Antey Air Defense Concern) and the Physico-Technical Institute. Ioffe. Investigating the impact of powerful microwave radiation from the earth on air objects (targets), the specialists of these institutions unexpectedly received local plasma formations, which were obtained at the intersection of radiation flows from several sources.

Upon contact with these formations, air targets underwent huge dynamic overloads and were destroyed. The coordinated work of microwave radiation sources made it possible to quickly change the focus point, that is, to retarget at great speed or to accompany objects of almost any aerodynamic characteristics. Experiments have shown that the impact is effective even on warheads of ICBMs. In fact, this is not even a microwave weapon, but combat plasmoids.

Unfortunately, when in 1993 a team of authors presented a draft air defense/missile defense system based on these principles for consideration by the state, Boris Yeltsin immediately proposed a joint development to the American president. And although cooperation on the project did not take place, perhaps this was what prompted the Americans to create the HAARP (High freguencu Active Auroral Research Program) complex in Alaska - a research project to study the ionosphere and auroras. Note that for some reason that peaceful project has funding from the Pentagon's DARPA agency.

Already entering service with the Russian army

To understand what place the topic of electronic warfare occupies in the military-technical strategy of the Russian military department, it is enough to look at the State Armaments Program until 2020. Of the 21 trillion. rubles of the general budget of the SAP, 3.2 trillion. (about 15%) is planned to be directed to the development and production of attack and defense systems using sources of electromagnetic radiation. For comparison, in the Pentagon's budget, according to experts, this share is much less - up to 10%.

Now let's look at what you can already "feel", i.e. those products that have reached the series and entered service over the past few years.

Krasukha-4 mobile electronic warfare systems suppress spy satellites, ground-based radars and AWACS aviation systems, completely block radar detection for 150-300 km, and can also inflict radar damage on enemy electronic warfare and connections. The operation of the complex is based on the creation of powerful interference at the main frequencies of radars and other radio-emitting sources. Manufacturer: OJSC "Bryansk Electromechanical Plant" (BEMZ).

The TK-25E sea-based electronic warfare system provides effective protection for ships of various classes. The complex is designed to provide radio-electronic protection of an object from radio-controlled air and ship-based weapons by creating active interference. The interface of the complex with various systems protected object, such as a navigation complex, a radar station, automated system combat control.

The TK-25E equipment provides for the creation of various types of interference with a spectrum width from 64 to 2000 MHz, as well as impulse misinformation and imitation interference using signal copies. The complex is capable of simultaneously analyzing up to 256 targets. Equipping the protected object with the TK-25E complex reduces the probability of its destruction by three or more times.

The multifunctional complex "Mercury-BM" has been developed and produced at KRET enterprises since 2011 and is one of the most modern systems EW. The main purpose of the station is to protect manpower and equipment from single and salvo fire artillery ammunition equipped with radio fuses. Enterprise-developer: OAO All-Russian Scientific Research Institute Gradient (VNII Gradient). Similar devices are produced by Minsk "KB RADAR".

It should be noted that radio fuses are now equipped with up to 80% of Western field artillery shells, mines and unguided rockets and almost all precision munitions, these are enough simple means allow you to protect troops from defeat, including directly in the zone of contact with the enemy.

Concern "Constellation" produces a series of small-sized (portable, transportable, autonomous) jamming transmitters of the RP-377 series. With their help, you can jam GPS signals, and in a standalone version, equipped with power sources, you can also place transmitters in a certain area, limited only by the number of transmitters.

Now an export version of a more powerful GPS jamming system and weapon control channels is being prepared. It is already a system of object and area protection against high-precision weapons. It was built on a modular principle, which allows you to vary the areas and objects of protection.

From unclassified developments, MNIRTI products are also known - "Sniper-M", "I-140/64" and "Gigawatt", made on the basis of car trailers. They, in particular, are used to develop means of protecting radio engineering and digital systems for military, special and civilian purposes from EMP damage.

Likbez

The element base of the RES is very sensitive to energy overloads, and the flow of electromagnetic energy of a sufficiently high density can burn out semiconductor junctions, completely or partially disrupting their normal functioning.

Low-frequency EMO creates electromagnetic pulsed radiation at frequencies below 1 MHz, high-frequency EMO affects microwave radiation - both pulsed and continuous. Low-frequency EMO affects the object through pickups on wired infrastructure, including telephone lines, external power cables, data supply and retrieval. High-frequency EMO directly penetrates the object's electronic equipment through its antenna system.

In addition to affecting the enemy's RES, high-frequency EMO can also affect the skin and internal organs of a person. At the same time, as a result of their heating in the body, chromosomal and genetic changes, activation and deactivation of viruses, transformation of immunological and behavioral reactions are possible.

The main technical means of obtaining powerful electromagnetic pulses, which form the basis of low-frequency EMO, is a generator with explosive compression of the magnetic field. Another potential type of high level low frequency magnetic energy source could be a magnetodynamic generator driven by propellant or explosive.

When implementing high-frequency EMO, such electronic devices as broadband magnetrons and klystrons, gyrotrons operating in the millimeter range, virtual cathode generators (vircators) using the centimeter range, free electron lasers and broadband plasma-beam lasers can be used as a generator of high-power microwave radiation. generators.

Electromagnetic weapons, EMI

Electromagnetic gun "Angara", test

Electronic bomb - fantasy weapon Russia

Do not be alarmed, in the "experience" section we will not offer you to cut a pistol out of wood. We built the weapon just like that, for beauty, under the impression of an elementary and at the same time spectacular physical trick. To conduct your own experiment, all you need is a couple of rulers, a powerful magnet and some metal balls.

This experience is something of a physical puzzle. In principle, his work is nothing complicated and mysterious. However, what is happening looks so unexpected and spectacular that even savvy viewers are confused. Place two rulers on the table so that a path forms between them. The width of the track should be such that a metal ball can roll straight along it. Put a magnet on the track and attach a few balls to it on one side.

On the other hand, gently roll another ball towards the magnet. As soon as it reaches the magnet, the extreme ball on the other side will literally be shot off from the structure at a completely unexpected speed. Where did the energy for such a volley come from? Few people are able to immediately answer this question.

The solution is more than simple. The first ball in the column is very strongly attracted to the magnet. The next one is weaker. The outer ball is practically not attracted, and a minimum of energy is required to separate it.

The ball that we roll up to the magnet from behind, getting into the field of attraction, accelerates intensively. This is almost imperceptible to the naked eye, since the maximum acceleration develops at a small distance from the magnet. The impact momentum is transmitted to the outer ball, which, as we found out, is practically held in place by nothing.

Pay attention to the frame hanging over the "trunk" channel. With its help, we tried to overcome friction: four powerful magnets are suspended above the track on strings. If you want to repeat our experience, please note that wood is not the best option in terms of rolling friction. The optimal material for making the track is plastic, such as a box for concealed wiring. Metal, for obvious reasons, is inappropriate.


The number of magnets and balls is a vast field for experimentation. On the one hand, the more magnets, the greater their joint attraction, and hence the momentum transmitted to the projectile. More balls move the projectile away from the magnets, thereby reducing the energy needed to break the projectile off the structure. However, with an increase in the number of elements, the mass and inertia of the installation increase, and the friction force increases. So in the end, a lighter design can disperse a projectile better than a more powerful one.


Powerful neodymium magnets of any size and shape are now freely sold in online stores. This is explained by the fact that lovers of "saving at someone else's expense" are trying to use them to stop water meters in apartments without damaging the seal and the device itself. Balls can be obtained at the auto shop as part of a large bearing or in hunting supplies - they are sold as shells for a slingshot.