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Characteristics of anti-tank mines
Characteristic anti-personnel mines
US Army anti-tank MINES are divided into:
Anti-track (mines M-7A2, M15, M19);
Anti-bottom (M21 mines);
Anti-aircraft (M24 mines).
Anti-personnel mines of foreign armies
15. Installation of mines by combat crew. Compilation of a minefield form. The installation of minefields, consisting of anti-personnel and anti-tank mines, is carried out according to a mine cord or drill crew. Manual PT minefields established by the crew. From the field warehouse, each soldier brings 4 mines. Depending on the number of rows in the minefield (two or four), each soldier sets two or four mines in one run. The installation of a minefield begins with the most remote row. Fuzes are issued by squad leaders only at mine installation sites. This method is used in the absence of contact with the enemy, mainly during the day, as part of a platoon. In the form of the minefield, established by the method of combat calculation, the direction of the line of construction of the unit, the intervals between the soldiers and the pattern of their movement (in steps) are indicated. :100 to 1:500, the plan shows the location of each mine.
MINEFIELD FORM NO. ...
| Card 1: 50.000. Sheet ................................................ Coordinates .. ................................................. .. ............................................ battalion. ................................... Regiment ....... ................. division. 1. Installation made by order....................................................... ............................................... ..... ................................................. ................................................. ................................................. ...... (position, rank, surname, name, patronymic) 2. Supervised the installation and made the fixation ............................ ................................................. .... ............................................. ................................................. ................................................. ............... (position, rank, surname, name, patronymic of the middle commander who led the installation) 3. Mines were installed ............... ................................................. ................................................. ..... ............................................. ................................................. ................................................. .... ............ (position, surname, first name, patronymic and subdivision of persons who inserted .............................. ................................................. ................................................. ................................... fuses in mines, laying and masking mines) 4. Date of installation of the mine fields ................................................. ................................................. ........ 5. They are familiar with the boundaries of the minefield on the ground (to acquaint only the head of the combat area and the entire average command staff of the combat area up to and including the company commander - on the day of mining, when mining at night - the next day). |
16 . Individual means of respiratory and skin protection, their design and selection by size. PPE is one of the main ways to protect the public. The effectiveness of the use of PPE largely depends on their correct selection and operation. Personal protective equipment is divided into the following types: 1) personal respiratory protection equipment (PPE); 2) personal skin protection equipment (SIZK); Personal respiratory protection equipment is designed to protect the respiratory system, face and eyes from the effects of toxic, radioactive substances, hazardous chemicals, bacterial agents. PPEs include: 1) filtering and insulating gas masks; 2) protective cameras for children; 3) respirators;) the simplest means.
Filtering RPE are divided into the following types:
1) combined-arms filtering gas masks - RSH, PMG, PBF, PMK (they are intended for troops and headquarters of civil defense);
2) civil:
a) for the adult population, GP-5, GP-5m, GP-7, GP-7V, GP-7VM are used;
b) for children, the following are used: protective cameras for children KZD-4, KZD-6 - for children under one and a half years old; gas masks PDF-D (DA, "D") - for children from 1.5 to 6-7 years old, PDF-Sh (ША, Ш) - for children from 6 to 16 years old;
3) industrial filtering gas masks - to protect the respiratory organs, face and eyes from hazardous chemicals and in case of accidents.
Skin protection products (SZK) designed to protect people from the effects of toxic, radioactive, emergency chemically hazardous substances and bacterial agents. All SZK are divided into special and improvised. Special SZK are divided into insulating (air-tight) and filtering (air-permeable).
To means of insulating type include kits KIH-4, KIH-5, KZA, Ch-20, combined arms protective suit (OZK), light protective suit (L-1).
Filtering products are made of cotton fabric impregnated with special chemicals. These include protective filtering clothing (ZFO), protective kits (FL-F, FL-N, PZO-2, KZKhCh), protective clothing ATK-1.
Combined-arms protective suit, light protective suit L-1 and protective filter clothing are used only with filter gas masks.
17. Collective means of protection and the procedure for their use. Units, kits and installations are switched on on command, on a chemical, biological and radioactive contamination warning signal, or on their own during artillery raids, enemy air and missile strikes, as well as when deploying personnel for work or leisure in buildings. Aggregates, kits and installations can also be switched on in advance, in anticipation of the enemy using nuclear, chemical and biological weapons. When occupying a structure with the beginning of an artillery raid or enemy air strike, personnel must wear gas masks. Removal of gas masks is carried out only after determining the purity of the air in the building using standard chemical reconnaissance instruments. In the event that a structure is occupied in advance by personnel with the unit (set, installation) turned on and the entrance doors closed, with the beginning of an artillery raid or an enemy air strike, personnel in the structures may be without gas masks. After the personnel is in an atmosphere contaminated with biological aerosols, the entrance to the facility is allowed after passing through the sanitization of the personnel and disinfection of clothing, equipment and personal weapons. If it is impossible to carry out these measures, the personnel in the structure must be in gas masks. Protective and hermetic doors in the structure must be permanently closed, even in the absence of contamination of the atmosphere and terrain. The sealing of the structure prevents the penetration of TX in the event of a sudden use by the enemy chemical weapons.
The structure is ventilated with the help of a filter-ventilation unit (set, installation). During the firing of furnaces, the unit, set and installation must operate continuously. The rest of the time, units, kits and installations are operated periodically depending on the number of personnel in the structure (in the absence of contamination of the area outside the structure). With the beginning of the chemical attack of the enemy, the firing of furnaces stops.
AT Peaceful time aggregates (sets, installations) are included only during Maintenance and training of personnel. At the same time, the operation of units, kits and installations (purging clean air filters-absorbers) is allowed for 100-200 hours per year and 800-1000 hours for the service life.
It is forbidden to operate units, sets and installations in peacetime in a dusty (smoky) atmosphere in order to prevent their clogging with dust (smoke), and, as a result, an increase in the resistance of the pre-filter and filter-absorber to the air flow and reduce the volumetric air flow.
18. Methods of decontamination, degassing, disinfection As a result of actions (stay) in the contaminated area, clothing, footwear, protective equipment, weapons, equipment can be contaminated with radioactive, toxic substances and bacterial (biological) agents. For their disinfection and prevention of damage to people, decontamination, degassing and disinfection are carried out. Decontamination, degassing and disinfection of equipment can be partial or complete. Individual weapons and other small items are completely processed. Decontamination is the removal of radioactive substances from a contaminated surface. To decontaminate clothing, footwear and protective equipment, they are knocked out and shaken out, washed or wiped (rubber and leather products) with an aqueous solution. detergents or water; clothes can be washed with the use of decontaminating agents. Partial decontamination of equipment is carried out in order to reduce the degree of contamination. Complete decontamination of equipment consists in the removal of radioactive substances from the entire surface to acceptable contamination levels by washing off radioactive substances with decontaminating solutions, water, while simultaneously treating the contaminated surface with brushes. It is carried out at special processing points (PUSO) by civil defense formations. For decontamination, special decontaminating solutions are used, aqueous solutions washing powders and other detergents, as well as ordinary water and solvents (gasoline, kerosene, diesel fuel). Degassing is the removal or chemical destruction (neutralization) of toxic substances. Degassing of clothing, footwear, personal protective equipment is carried out by boiling, treatment with a vapor-ammonia mixture (in special devices), washing and ventilation (natural degassing). With partial degassing of equipment, only those parts that people come into contact with are processed. Complete degassing consists in the complete neutralization or removal of toxic substances from the entire surface of the treated object. It is also carried out on PuSO. Special degassing solutions are used for degassing. You can use local materials: industrial waste alkaline, ammonia solution, caustic potash or caustic soda, as well as solvents (gasoline, kerosene, diesel fuel). Disinfection - the destruction of bacterial (biological) agents and the chemical destruction of toxins. Disinfection of clothing, footwear and personal protective equipment is carried out by treatment with a vapor-air mixture, boiling, soaking in disinfectant solutions (or wiping them), washing. disinfection, special disinfectants are used: phenol, cresol, lysol, as well as degassing solutions.
US Army anti-personnel mines*
Oleg Valetsky
At present, the issue of demining the border on the Korean Peninsula is quite topical. On the part of South Korea, work on demining their own site has already been carried out by the forces of both the South Korean army and American private companies specializing in this area, such as RONCO (RONCO) and Tetratech (Tetratech). So, a significant part of the mines are mines designed and manufactured in the United States, it is worth touching on their design and principles of operation, although the anti-personnel mines themselves, with the exception of directional mines, have been removed from service with the US Army.
| Landmine M 16. |
 |
 |
| M14 |
 |
| M18A |
 |
 |
| M16 |
 |
| M26 |
Thus, the anti-personnel high-explosive pressure mine M-14 is a high-explosive anti-personnel mine with a pressure sensor. Its mass is three and a half ounces (approximately 85 g), width 58 mm, height 40 mm, tetryl charge weighing one ounce (29 g), plastic body. Under pressure on the mine sensor, a bent fiberglass plate with a striker in the middle moves, the striker in the center of the plate hits the detonator.
AT transport position the mine has a metal U-shaped fuse that blocks the movement of the target sensor about its own axis. When the fuse is removed, the target sensor rotates until the arrow matches the letter "A" /ARMED/ or "S" /SAFE/ respectively.
When a mine is found, you need to pick it up and turn the target sensor until its arrow matches the letter "S" on the mine body. After that, unscrew the plug of the M46 detonator with a wrench. If there is a standard fuse, you need to install the fuse.
It should be emphasized that the device of the American M14 mine provides, in accordance with Combat Charter FM 20-32 its neutralization by turning the pressure cover to the "S" position and blocking the cover with a fork-shaped pin, followed by unscrewing the detonator through the bottom hole.
The mine is difficult to detect by mine detectors - the only metal parts in it are a copper detonator cap and a miniature drummer.
Interestingly, the M-14s were produced in South Africa and were widely used by its army during the fighting in southern Africa.
Another American mine is M-2. It is a fragmentation anti-personnel mine that uses a 60-mm mortar mine without plumage and a fuse with a moderator as a projectile flying upwards. The M-1 fuse could be used as a pressure fuse (stepping on three antennae in the upper part of the fuse) and a tension fuse (pulling out the pins with a tension wire). The fuse was installed in a separate tube connected at the bottom with a glass of mines.
When the spring-loaded striker is unlocked, either by pressing on its shank or by pulling out the combat checks, it hits the igniter primer and activates the expelling charge. The mortar mine is tossed up and after the retarder burn time expires, it explodes.
Although this American mine was already obsolete in the 70s, it is still used in a number of countries to this day. It was produced in Belgium, Portugal, Iran, South Korea, Israel, Pakistan.
At the same time, in Pakistan, where this mine is still produced today, instead of a mortar mine, a P1 Mk1 offensive hand grenade (a copy of the Austrian ARGES-69), produced under an Austrian license in Pakistan, is used.
The P3 Mk2 anti-personnel mine is a fragmentation bouncing mine, and, in fact, is a modification of the M2 mine. It has a mass of 1.6 kg and a cylindrical body, which contains a P1 Mk1 fragmentation element with a powder expelling charge. 3500 steel balls are placed on the inner surface of its body. In the body of the mine, the grenade is located with the ignition socket down.
The mine uses a mechanical fuse of combined (tension and pressure) action, a copy of the American M605, to the combat check of which a tension wire and three pressure rods are attached. When a person acts on the fuse, the latter ignites the expelling charge and the fragmentation element is thrown to a height of 1.3 - 2 m. At the same time, the powder grenade moderator ignites, initiating its main explosive charge. Manpower is affected by steel balls within a radius of 20 m. This mine was used during the war in Afghanistan (1979-1989)
M-2 mines during the Vietnam War were replaced by mines of the same class M-16, which later became produced in India, South Korea, Greece and Turkey.
The M-16 mine has a double-action fuse (tension and pressure) of the M-605 type.
The M-605 fuse itself, if installed on a tension action, should completely protrude from the ground, than the M-16 mine is more noticeable and, in addition, it is difficult to use the fuse as a pressure fuse, because. it rises 6-7 cm above the ground. There was a modification of this M16A1 mine with a new case, in which there were other types of detonators. However, both mines had a steel body in the center of which the M-605 fuse was installed, which was brought into combat position by removing the safety pin located in the upper part of the fuse. The mine itself included four tension wires 12 meters long, but only one could be installed - attached to a rounded pin on the fuse body.
In addition, the pressure sensor was three small pins diverging from the top of the fuse, under which there was a spring-loaded sleeve, held from below by a tension pin.
When you press the pressure sensor, or act on the tension, the sleeve moving down, pushing the safety ring at the base of the fuse, and the safety balls that held the drummer fell into the resulting space. The striker hit the igniter capsule, which supplied the force of fire to the pyrotechnic retarder.
During its burning, the victim left the mine, after which the force of fire activated the expelling charge of black powder (4.5 grams), which threw the body of the mine into the air, and at the same time transmitted the force of fire to the pyrotechnic retarders of two internal fuses. After they burned out, which occurred at the height of one mine, the force of fire was applied to the igniter capsules, which in turn activated the detonator capsules of both internal fuses, which activated the TNT charge. The charge of mines M-16 and M-16A1 itself weighed one pound (454 grams) so that in given weight did not include the weight of two additional tetryl detonators
The M-16A2 mine was distinguished by the presence of one internal fuse located in the center of the mine body, which required the M-605 fuse to be shifted away from the center, but which made it possible to slightly increase the weight of the mine charge and, accordingly, the radius of destruction (according to the charter FM 20-32 - up to 30 meters, while for the M-16 and M-16A1, according to the same charter, this distance was 27 meters)
We should also highlight the very effective and convenient American M-26 mine with a double-acting fuse. This fuse has a very reliable fuse with an additional vertically mounted safety pin that holds the main fork-shaped safety pin, which in the safety position blocks the operation of the pressure and tension sensors of the target. Interestingly, this mine uses an upwardly ejected "baseboll" submunition, which is typical for cluster munitions, where such projectiles are used as submunitions.
This mine, having a convenient shape and a good ratio of total weight and charge weight (1 kg per 170 g of Hexotol-Composition B), has a position switch typical of American pressure mines with an arrow indicating combat (A - armed) and safe (S - safe) mine positions.
Currently, the only anti-personnel mine in use, or at least permitted, for use in the US Army is the M-18 and M-18A1 Claymore directional fragmentation mine. These mines became widely used by the US Army in Vietnam, where it faced the widespread use of directed fragmentation mines by the enemy.
US Army Training Circular TS 5-31 (translated into Russian as "Mines and booby-traps of the patriotic forces of South Vietnam and the principles of their use") of the 1969 edition wrote: "One of the types of anti-personnel mine, which, apparently, find more and more wide application against our troops, is a mine of the "Claymore" type and its numerous variants. Such a tool inflicts damage on personnel located at a distance of 200 m and not having such protective equipment as bulletproof vests. These mines are usually placed on flat, open terrain for observation. They are often installed near walls, trees, or some other object. In more than 50% of all known cases such mines had command control by wire. Electrical conductors were laid to a great depth in densely packed soil. In the training documents of the enemy, it is recommended to put peeled garlic in the ditch with the cable and around the positions of the sapper-observer in order to complicate their reconnaissance with the help of service dogs. One of the variants of the Claymore-type enemy mine - the DH-10 mine, when used by a group of three, can, during an explosion, make a passage 2 m wide and 30-40 m deep in a wire fence. Such mines inflicted very serious losses when they were hung on branches trees or other elevated local features. Mines suspended from trees were used mainly against personnel on the armor of moving tanks or armored personnel carriers.
In this case, under the name "Claymore" the Americans understood all types of directional fragmentation mines and naturally paid great attention development of their own mines of this type.
A later version of the M-18A1 mine had a weight of 1.58 kg, was equipped with 682 grams of C4 plastite and its striking elements were 700 steel balls embedded in a plastic plate placed under the curved side of the mine body. This design ensured the defeat of unprotected targets at an average angle of 50-60 degrees at a distance of up to 50 meters.
The main application of this mine is controlled, when the explosion of the mine is carried out by the operator from the control panel by wire using the M-57 demolition machine. The initiation of the explosive charge is carried out by an electric detonator inserted into one of two special sockets on the top of the mine and connected by a wire line to a demolition machine. The second socket can be used to use a device for checking the health of the cable connection, as a backup, or to install a tension fuse.
This mine, widely used by the Americans in the Vietnam War of 1964-75, was copied by many countries that created their own modifications on its basis, such as the Soviet MON (directed fragmentation mine) -50, the Cuban PMFH (Mina Antipersonnel de Fragmentation de Hierro), the Chinese Type 66, Israeli No6, South African Shrapnel mine No2, Swedish Truppmine 12, Pakistani P5 Mk1, South Korean K-440.
At the same time, at present, this mine is rarely used in practice, so the chances of meeting it somewhere in Iraq or Afghanistan are quite small, or rather, this probability is almost zero, because the American army refused to install minefields, and the last minefields the fields under her supervision are on the Korean peninsula.
Sources
"Jane"s Mines and Mine Clearance 1999-00”
US Army Engineer Charter FM 20-32
Website "GlobalSecurity" http://www.globalsecurity.org
The authors of some of the photographs, diagrams and drawings are the editor of "Jane's Mines and Mine Clearance 1999-00" Colin King and Lyn Haywood (Lyn Haywood)
* Based on the materials of the book “Mine weapons. Issues of mining and demining "Kraft + Publishing House". 2009
The main type of barriers, according to the views of the command of the armies of a potential enemy, are mine-explosive barriers, which are based on anti-tank and anti-personnel minefields.
When mining manually, minefields are usually set according to the standard scheme.
To detect and neutralize them, high observation, quick wit and caution are required.
The minefields of NATO armies, depending on the tasks assigned to them, are divided into five types: protective, tactical, focal, prohibitive and false.
Means and methods of making passages in minefields
Making passages in the PTMP in an explosive way is carried out by the explosion of elongated mine-clearing charges supplied to the minefield by mine-clearing installations, in PPMP - with the help of mine-clearing charges.
To make a passage manually, a department is assigned with search tools, accessories for neutralizing (destroying) mines and marking the passage.
To ensure the passage of troops along the aisles, a commandant's service is organized on them.
Passages are marked with one-way signs with the same numbers as the paths leading to them. For every three to six passes, a commandant is appointed.
Non-explosive barriers can be used alone or in combination with mine-explosive barriers. AT last case the greatest efficiency of their application is achieved.
To ensure the passage of friendly troops in non-explosive barriers, passages must be left, and for their quick closure, it is provided required amount means (wire spirals, slingshots, hedgehogs, etc.),
Overcoming non-explosive barriers is carried out along the passages and transitions arranged by engineering units, as well as units of military branches using engineering technology, bulldozer attachments and explosives.
Clearing rubble in settlements produced by bulldozers and track-layers. We must not allow dilapidated buildings to remain near the passage, threatening to collapse. Such buildings must be brought down by explosion or mechanical means. Large fragments and monolithic elements are crushed by explosions of overhead charges weighing 2-5 kg. With a high height and depth of the blockage, they do not clear it, but make a passage through it by leveling the surface and arranging the inlet and outlet ramps.
Lesson #4.1:General information about cost centers of armies
foreign states
Study questions
TRAINING QUESTIONS1. General information about the cost center
foreign
states.
mining.
armies
Scheme
2. PTM of the armies of foreign states,
actions and disarmament.
3. PPM of the armies of foreign states,
purpose, performance characteristics, device, principle
actions and disarmament.
Lesson objectives
LESSON OBJECTIVES1. Explore
main
samples
anti-tank and anti-personnel
mines of the armies of foreign states, their
device, characteristics, principle
actions, methods of neutralization and
destruction.
2. Familiarize yourself
co
ways
and
army mine laying techniques
foreign states.
LITERATURE
1. Kostko, Yu.V. Textbook for a sergeant of engineering troops: textbook / Yu.V. Kostko, S.V.Kondratiev; ed. I.N. Lisovsky. - Minsk: MO RB, 2008. - 454 p.
2. Misuragin, I.A. Military engineering training: tutorial/ I.A.
Misuragin, V.V. Baluta. - Minsk: MO RB, 2008. - 253 p.
3. Anti-personnel mines: a reference guide. - Minsk, MO RB, 2008. 100p.
4. Baluta, V.V. Engineering troops of foreign states: a reference book, in 2
parts (USA, Germany, Great Britain) / V.V. Baluta; ed. I.N. Lisovsky.
- Minsk, MO RB, 2008. - 58 p.
5. Vasilkov, V.V. Organization of engineering support for combat operations,
principles combat use engineering units and military units
Armed forces of foreign states: textbook / V.V. Vasilkov; under
ed. CM. Luchiny. - Minsk: GU "NII VS RB", 2006. - 85 p.
6. Vasilkov, V.V. Means of engineering weapons of foreign armies
states and prospects for their development: textbook / V.V. Vasilkov; under
ed. CM. Luchiny. - Minsk: GU "NII VS RB", 2006. - 72 p.
7. Grigorenko, S.V. Engineering barriers / [Electronic resource]: coll. uch.
mat. according to the study program. – Electronic educational and methodical complex (270
Mb). - Minsk, 2011. - 1 electron. opt. disc (CD-ROM): sound, color
1 study question
1 LEARNING QUESTIONGeneral information about the cost center of foreign armies
states. Mining schemes
Reasons for using mines
REASONS FOR USING MINES- simplicity of the device and the use of ammunition,
allowing their installation by unskilled
personnel;
- low cost of production, allowing to purchase
large batches of them at a low price (the cost of some
samples
anti-personnel
min
is
less
$3, and anti-tank less than $75);
high
striking
ability,
defiant
deadly
or
heavy
wound,
requiring
long-term treatment and usually leads to
amputation of limbs (according to the International
Red Cross, treatment of a mine victim
of a person requires hospitalization for an average of 22
days, while those who received a bullet or fragmentation
injury - up to 11 days);
- the ability to choose the type of mines on the international market
weapon,
where
submitted
more
700
samples,
developed by more than 100 firms in 55 countries of the world. CLASSIFICATION OF US MINEFIELDS (NATO)
Protective
For direct cover of small units,
firing positions of missiles, airfields and other important objects.
The minimum mining density is a mine per linear meter of MP.
Fixed mines and booby traps are generally not used.
defensive
To cover the front, flanks and joints of companies, battalions and brigades. Depth
fields - 100 m., minimum density - 1 PT and 2 PP mines per linear meter
MP. At least 5% of anti-tank guns are installed in a non-removable position. PPM
are established mainly at the front boundary of the MP.
Barrage
To disrupt the advance of the enemy and cover their flanks and rear. These
MPs are integral part common system barriers divisions, corps,
field army, they are located at a considerable depth, special attention
given to camouflage. MP depth - 300 m, minimum density
mining - 3 PT, 4 PP fragmentation and 8 high-explosive mines per linear meter. Not
less than 20% of anti-tank guns are installed in a non-removable position. Wide
chemical bombs are used.
Disturbing
Installed in depth and are an integral part of the overall system
barriers used in
waste. Most often these fields
installed along highways and railways and on the way to them
in the areas of possible deployment of troops, deployment of firing positions,
enemy command and observation posts. Installed
mines that are difficult to detect and difficult to clear.
It is recommended that all mines be installed in an unrecoverable position.
False
Used in conjunction with active minefields or in
the intervals between them. Combat mines are not installed.
Special
Against airborne assaults consist mainly of anti-aircraft guns,
predominantly fragmentation, as the most effective.
Against sea and river landings - the front line of the MP is located in
water at a depth of up to 1 m., and the rear border at 50 - 100 m., from the point
maximum tide. Minimum MP depth at sea
coast - 100 m, and on the river bank - 50 m. Mining density - 0.5
mines per linear meter MP. Anti-tank minefields may consist of:
anti-bottom mines;
anti-track mines;
anti-aircraft mines.
Application possible various types PTM in one MP.
anti-personnel
mine
fields
applied mainly
way to reinforce other types of barriers, but can also be used
for the installation of PPMP and individual groups of mines in areas where the most
infantry action is likely.
Mixed minefields
usually consist of non-contact
anti-tank anti-bottom mines and fragmentation anti-tank missiles with the cost of
one kilometer MP up to 400 ATMs and 400 or more ATMs.
During combat operations, the enemy can set MP
remote mining systems. STANDARD SCHEME OF INSTALLATION OF MINES FOR DIFFERENT PURPOSE
A, B, C - normal mine strips, the number of which can sometimes be increased to 4-5.
10E - an additional mine strip installed without a specific system in front of the mine
fields.
The total depth of the minefield can reach 90 m, and in some cases it can be up to 270 m.
Mining of the area can sometimes be carried out according to a non-standard scheme. LOCATION OF ANTI-PERSONNEL Fragmentation Mines
IN MIXED MINES
PP fragmentation mines tension action are installed only in the first row, not
more than one mine in a group and not more often than in every third group of a row. Wire
stretch marks are installed on the side of the strip of mines facing the enemy at a distance
at least 2 steps from guy wire mines of other groups and at least 2 steps from the border
neighboring group min. minefield elements
Min group
Min strip
One PTM
One PTM
in
center and from 1 to
5 high-explosive PPM
at points 1, 2, 3, 4
u5
One PT, five PP
explosive mines in
points 1, 2, 3, 4 and
5 and one PP
fragmentation mine
tension
actions at a point
6
Five
PP
explosive
minodna in the center and
four in dots
1, 2, 3 and 4.
The strip of mines consists of two rows of groups of mines. AT
each group the main mine is installed
at a distance of 3 steps (step 0.75 m) from the axis
stripes, and the rest no more than two steps from
main mine. Rows of mine groups are parallel
axis of the strip and are from it at a distance of 3
steps. First row of mine groups to the side
enemy, - the second in the direction of their troops in
chess
okay.
Groups
min
are set at intervals of 6 steps between
main
minami
in
row.
Instead of
anti-personnel mine in a group can be
a chemical mine M23 is installed, it is usually
set in every eighth group of min. Minefield fencing
MINEFIELD FENCE SIGNS
WITHOUT CHEMICAL HOUSEHOLDS
Front side
back side
WITH CHEMICAL HOUSEHOLDS
Front side
back side
Minefields located on the territory occupied by friendly troops are fenced with
all sides. Minefields located on the front line are fenced only with
sides of their troops. The fence is installed at a distance of 20m from the nearest mine.
On the fence with an interval of 15m Standard signs with the inscription “MINES” are fixed
(mines).
Pointers with a transverse yellow stripe and the inscription "GAS" (Gas) on it point to
the presence in this MP of chemical landmines. 2 TRAINING QUESTION
Anti-tank mines of foreign armies
states, purpose, performance characteristics, device,
operating principle and neutralization M15
M24
M19
M21
USA
Germany
ENGLAND
DM11
MK5 NS
MK7 PTM M15 (USA) entered service in 1953
mine type
Frame
Weight
Mass of explosive
Diameter
Height
lid)
Sensitivity (M603)
(M624)
PT anti-track
Metal
13.6 kg
9.9 to g
32 cm
12.4 cm
22 cm
158 - 338 kg
1.7 kg
-12 --+50 deg
On the side wall of the case and on the bottom there are sockets for installing a fuse
non-removability M5 (unloading action) or M142 (tension action) with
intermediate detonators M1. The defeat of enemy vehicles is inflicted due to the destruction of their chassis.
parts during the explosion of a mine charge at the time of the collision of the wheel (skating rink) on the pressure
mine cover (M603 chemical fuse) or tilt fuse
(fuze M624).
Fuse
M624
M624 fuse is used as
fuse
oblique
actions
(with extension rod) or as
fuse
pressure
actions
(extension rod in socket
the fuse is not inserted).
M603 The principle of the mine M 15
With pressure on a mine installed in a combat position (arrow
block of the safety device is combined with the word ARMED),
the pressure cover is lowered, overcoming the resistance of the plate
springs. In this case, the pressure is transferred to the head of the drummer. Drummer
pierces the CD of the fuse, which causes an explosion of the CD, intermediate
detonator and main explosive charge.
A mine can also explode from the operation of one of the fuses
non-removability, screwed into the socket.
Neutralization procedure
1. Carefully remove the camouflage layer from the mine.
2. Move the mine from the installation site using the "cat".
3. Set the mine in a safe position by aligning the arrow pads
safety device with the word SAFE on the rim of the safety
devices.
4. Unscrew the safety device from the pressure cover and from the ignition
glass, remove the fuse, under the head of which you must first install
safety plug.
5. Screw the safety device into the socket of the pressure cover. PTM M19 (USA)
1 - portable handle
2 - fuse
3 - safety
device
4 - mine body
5 - capsule socket
6 - detonator cap
Type of
Frame
Weight
Mass of explosive (type
"AT")
Dimensions
Case height
Target sensor diameter (pressure
lid)
Sensitivity
Temperature Range
applications
Anti-track
plastic
12.7 kg
9.5 kg
33x33 cm
7.6 cm
26 cm
136 - 180 kg
50 --+50 deg. PTM M19 (USA)
Mina M19 has a square polyethylene body, equipped with
composition (BB), and a special fuse M606 mechanical, pressure
actions.
The mine is not equipped with a self-liquidator. On the side wall of the case
there is an additional point for installing a non-removable fuse.
The fuse has a pressure plate with a rotary block, which
can be set to three positions:
safe (Safe) - the yellow dot on the block is set against the letter (S);
combat (Armed) - a yellow dot against the letter (A);
intermediate (danger)
Operating principle
When hitting a pressure plate of a mine fuse, it lowers,
overcoming the resistance of the main spring. Pressure plate stop
presses on the drummer until the two holding small springs,
having passed the dead center, they will not sharply send the drummer down. At the same time, the striker
pierces the HF fuse, which leads to the explosion of the M-50 fuse,
intermediate detonator and the main charge of the mine. PTM M21 - USA
Type of
Frame
Weight
Mass of explosive (type "H6")
Push sensitivity
Diameter
Case height
Target sensor height (pin)
Sensitivity (with pin)
Temperature range of application
anti-tank
anti-bottom / anti-track
metal
7.8 kg
4.5 kg
130.5 kg
23 cm
11.5 cm
51.1 cm
20 gr. from the vertical with a force of 1.7 kg. or more
-30 --+50 deg. M21 anti-tank mine
(Anti-tank mine M21)
Designed to disable tracked and wheeled
enemy technology. Defeat enemy vehicles when a mine
used as an anti-bottom, applied by punching the bottom
machines with a cumulative jet during the explosion of a mine charge at the moment when
the machine with its body will deviate from the vertical position by 10-12
degrees
pin
sensor
goals.
Defeat enemy vehicles when the mine is used as
anti-track, applied by destroying 1-3 tracks of the caterpillar and
damage to the rink of the machine by a cumulative jet during a charge explosion
mines at the moment when the caterpillar presses on the fuse with an effort not
less than 130.5 kg.
adopted by the army and marines USA in 1980.
The mine is installed in the ground, in the snow, under water manually.
The term of combat operation of the mine is not limited.
self-liquidator,
elements
non-recoverability
and
the mine is not equipped with indestructibility. Fuze mechanical M-607
Fuze mechanical M-607. Can be used as
pressure fuse (option A). In this case
pin
in
fuse
not
screwed.
Maybe
used
and
how
fuse
oblique
actions (option B). In this case, the pin is screwed
51.1 cm long. Mina DM11 (German anti-tank rifle mod. 1951)
performance characteristics
The weight
- 7.3 kg.
Outside diameter
- 30 cm.
Height
- 10 cm.
Pressure cover diameter - 14 cm.
Required force for operation - 150-400 kg.
The DM11 anti-tank mine is an explosive charge (TNT) of increased
power.
Push-pull anti-track, frameless, has no metal
details and induction mine detectors not found. Consists entirely of BB.
Under the pressure cover is a socket for the fuse. When placing a mine on
non-removability special fuses are inserted into the side and bottom nest. Mine
has a rope handle and a push-action fuse: DM11 - mechanical grade
DM46: sample 1952 - grating igniter mod. 1952
Operating principle.
When exposed to a load, the pressure cover is destroyed along the shear
groove, transferring the load to the firing pin. The fuse fires and
causes the CD to explode. Mine actuation force 150-200 kgf. TS-6/1 (Italy)
mine type
Frame
Weight
Mass of explosives (TNT, plastic)
Diameter
Height
Target sensor diameter
Sensitivity
Temperature range
applications
Explosion resistance.
Anti-track
plastic
9.8 kg
6.15 kg
27 cm
18.5 cm
18cm
200-500 kg
-20 --+40 deg
12 kg/sq.cm TS-6/1 (Italy)
building caterpillar and wheeled enemy vehicles.
parts connected to each other by a threaded connection. Top part
housing also has a thread for attaching a ring with a push-on cover
(target sensor).
The term of combat operation of the mine is not limited. Self-liquidating mine is not
equipped. Elements of indestructibility and non-removability, as well as nests
for additional fuses does not.
The mine does not have any fuses and is transferred before installation in place
without a pressure cover, which is at the same time an explosive mechanism with
additional detonator.
Operating principle
The operating principle is pneumatic. When the target is applied to the pressure
cover, air flows from the upper cavity of the explosive mechanism
into the bottom through the calibrated hole. After the air pressure
reaches a critical value, a flat Belleville spring, bent before
moment up, sharply bends down, compresses the drummer spring and
simultaneously shifts the outer part of the fuse body down until
coincidence of holes in the inside of the fuse case. When matched
holes, the ball blocking the striker rolls out freely, releasing
drummer which hits the detonator cap. The last one, exploding, transmits
detonation on the main charge. PTM M56 (USA)
mine type
PT anti-track
Frame
aluminum
Weight
2.7 kg.
Mass of explosive (type "H-6")
1.3 kg
Length
22.5 cm.
Width
11.5 cm
Half cylinder radius
8 cm
Target sensor size
25x11 cm
Sensitivity
250 kg.
Temperature range of application
-12 --+50 deg
When exposed to the body of a mine (regardless of its position) for more than 0.25 s
an explosion occurs. Mines have elements of non-removability and non-disposal.
Fuse of increased explosion resistance. PTM M56 (USA)
Anti-tank anti-track mine. Designed to be removed from
building caterpillar and wheeled enemy vehicles. adopted by the army and
US Marine Corps in 1973.
Mina is the first mine remote mining adopted on
armament. It is installed only on the surface. Is a composite
part helicopter system mining M56, which includes a UH1H helicopter with two SUU-13 / A bomb cassettes suspended from it. One
cassette fits 80 min M56. The need for compact placement of mines in
cassette and predetermined the shape of mines - a half-cylinder, and the need
stabilization of the position of mines in flight and the need for the position of mines on the ground
flat side up predetermined the equipment of the mine with four
stabilizers in the form of plates that open after the release of the mine from the cassette.
The term of combat operation of the mine is fixed 1 or 2 days, after which the mine
self-destructs undermining. A mine explosion occurs when the caterpillar is pressed
(wheels) on the flat part of the body with a force of at least 250 kg. About 20% min.
cassette are equipped with an anti-removability element that causes a mine to explode when
an attempt to change its position (move, move, rotate, raise).
An electronic contact fuse, which is part of the design of the mine.
The mine is indestructible.
Mines at the factory are packed in cassettes SUU-13 / A, 80 pcs.
finally equipped. Transfer of fuses to combat position
occurs automatically 12-15 minutes after the separation of the mine from the cassette. Quiz on an educational question 3 TRAINING QUESTION
PPM armies of foreign states,
purpose, performance characteristics, device, principle
action and disposal M16
M14
M25
USA
М18А1 Claymore
ITALY
TS-50
BLU-92/B
DM31
6MK1
Germany
"Ranged"
GREAT BRITAIN
VS-50
main groups of anti-personnel mines
MAIN GROUPSANTI-PERSONNEL MINES
- high-explosive pressure action;
- fragmentation circular lesions (in
mostly
jumping out),
With
fuses
combined
(tension and pressure) or tension
actions;
- shrapnel directional damage,
predominantly managed or
less often
With
fuses
tension
action or with break stretching.
Use of anti-personnel mines
USE OF ANTI-PERSONNEL MINESanti-personnel
mines
apply:
- for
mining
terrain
against manpower;
- to cover anti-tank
mines in order to hinder them
clearance;
for
amplification
non-explosive
barriers
various
type
(wire
barriers,
forest debris, etc.) HIGH EXPLOSIVE PPM TS-50 (Italy)
Type of
Mine weight, kg.
Charge weight, g.
Housing material
Diameter, mm.
Height, mm.
Fuse
Mina TS -50 is designed for mining
terrain against the manpower of the enemy.
The mine is designed for a mechanized installation
throw (on the ground surface), including
helicopters. Can also be set manually
the surface of the soil, and into the soil with a thickness
camouflage layer up to 2.0 cm. The mine consists of
plastic case, explosive charge
and explosive device.
An effort
operation, kgf.
Installation method
Efficiency
high-explosive
0,2
50 (RDX)
Plastic
90
45
pressure
pneumatic
explosion-proof
12
Mechanized,
throw
Breaks the leg
Operating principle
When you press the mine, the pressure cover bends, while the mainspring is compressed and
at the same time, the air pressure in the cavity under the pressure cap increases. Air
through the passage hole and the labyrinth in the elements of the diaphragm sleeve passes into
rubber bottle. Increasing in volume, the can presses on the shoulder of the rocker and,
overcoming the resistance of the safety spring, turns it. rocker
rotates around the sleeve with the striker in such a way that the balls holding
drummer, sink into the grooves of the central part of the rocker. The drummer is released and under
the action of the mainspring pierces the fuse (detonator cap), which leads to an explosion
fuse and charge explosive mines. PPM VS-50 (Italy)
mine type
Frame
Case color
Mine installed in the ground
Weight
Mass of explosives
(TNT/RDX, RDX)
Diameter.
Height.
Sensor diameter
goals
Sensitivity
high-explosive pressure
actions
plastic
khaki, brown,
green
185 gr.
42-45gr
9 cm
4.5 cm
3.5 cm
10 kg PPM VS-50 (Italy)
disabling enemy personnel. When a mine charge explodes in
the moment your foot steps on the target sensor (black round protrusion on the top
plane) mines.
The mine can be installed both on the ground and in the ground, in the snow manually or
disperse at a height of up to 100 m from helicopters. The tightness of the mine allows
use it in water-saturated and swampy soils. Due to the buoyancy of mines
the water level should not exceed 2 cm from the bottom of the mine.
The body of the mine is made of impact-resistant plastic and consists of two
parts connected to each other by a glue-threaded connection. Ribs on
hull mines are intended to increase the strength of the hull. Translation of mines from
safety position in the combat is made by pulling out
safety checks.
The mine is not equipped with a self-liquidator. Elements of non-removability and
does not have indestructibility, but the design features exclude the reverse
transfer of a mine from combat to a safe position. Therefore, the mine belongs to
categories of the indestructible. The mine does not have a temporary fuse
(the transfer of a mine into a combat position occurs instantly when pulling out
checks).
The mine has a fuse, which is part of the design of the mine. Before installation
mines in the center of the lower part of the mine body, it is necessary to unscrew the plastic
plug and screw in M41. PPM M14 (USA)
5
1 – Mine body
2 - Main explosive charge
3 - blasting cap
4 - Striker
5 - Pressure cover
6 - Fuse
7 - Slot for safety plug
8 - Drummer
9 - Leaf spring
6
7
8
1
9
4
mine type
Application
universal
key at
neutralization
mines
Installing M14 in the ground
and on its surface
3
2
Installation of a safety
plugs in slot M14
Frame
Weight
Mass of explosive
substances (tetryl)
Diameter
Height
Sensor diameter
goals
Sensitivity
Temperature
application range
PPM
high explosive
pressure
actions
plastic.
130 gr
30 gr
5.6 cm
4 cm
3.8cm
8 - 25 kg
-40 --+50 deg PPM M14 (USA)
High-explosive pressure anti-personnel mine. Intended for
disabling enemy personnel. The mine can be installed as
on the ground, and in the ground, in the snow, under the water manually. Installation by means
mechanization was not provided.
The term of combat operation of the mine is not limited. elements of non-removability,
non-neutralization and self-destruction does not have.
Mina M14 has a plastic case, equipped with tetryl. push
the cover in the transport position is fixed with a safety fork.
The fuse is a structural part of the mine. Fuse transfer to
combat (armed), intermediate (danger) and safe (safe) position
is made by turning the pressure cover with a squeezed out on the side
surface with a black triangle so that the triangle points to one of
letter (A,D,S)
The cover is rotated with a special key. From below, from the bottom,
there is a socket for a detonator cap, closed with a cork. blasting cap
installed in a mine immediately before installing it on the ground. For
to transfer the mine to the combat position, it is necessary to turn it with a special key
cover so that the arrow points to the letter "A" and remove the safety plug.
When the cover is turned, the key protrusions of the key fuse become against
fuse bushing cutouts. The mine is triggered by pressing the cover.
Operating principle.
In a mine set in a combat position, pressure is transmitted through the drummer through
leaf spring. At the same time, the latter bends and, having passed the neutral position,
sharply sends the striker, providing an explosion of the CD and the main explosive charge. PPM DM 11 (Germany)
Total weight, g.
Weight of explosive charge, g.
230
122 (TNT)
Diameter, mm.
82
Height, mm.
33
An effort
operation, kg.
Housing material
5-10
Plastic
The mine has a rubber case with a charge,
Rubber sheath consisting of two parts. On top of a mine
Cork with CD
Drummer
lamellar
spring
explosive charge
has a threaded hole for
a plug with a fuse is screwed in. Equipment
mines fuse produced during installation.
Operating principle.
With pressure on the edge top part mines
shifts and actuates the drummer,
which strikes the CD, causing it to explode and
explosive charge explosion.
To defuse a mine, you must:
carefully, without pressing on the mine (on the ends
hull), remove her disguise;
unscrew the plug from the CD and separate the CD from
plugs and remove the mine from the installation site. PPM M25 "Elsie"
mine type
PP
cumulative
pressure
actions
2
Housing material
Total weight
Mass of explosives (tetryl)
Target sensor diameter
plastic
90 gr.
9 gr.
1.5cm.
Diameter
3 cm
Height
9 cm
Sensitivity
Temperature Range
applications
7-10 kg.
-40 --+50 deg. PPM M25 "Elsie"
The mine has a plastic case pointed at the bottom, in the lower part
of which a pressure-action fuse with a detonator cap is mounted.
The shaped charge in the plastic cartridge is inserted into the cavity at the top
body parts. A piece of yellow-green fabric is glued on top of the camouflage charge. The operation of the mine occurs when you press the head of the cartridge with
charge. The cumulative charge in the explosion pierces a steel sheet with a thickness
9.5mm.
Term
combat
work
mines
not
limited.
Elements
it does not have non-removability, non-neutralization and self-destruction. Fuse
is a structural part of the mine.
The mine is triggered when stepping on a protruding above the hull
container with explosives, spring-loaded mainspring. The picture shows the top cover
container is visible above the safety bracket (indicated by the number 2),
hugging the body of the container. The container is freely removed from the case
mines, the mine does not have any fuses. In circulation container and
the body of the mine is carried separately. Before installing a mine, a sapper with a special
makes a hole in the ground with a template punch, inserts the body there,
then a container is inserted into the body with a safety
bracket. After masking the mine, the bracket is removed. PPM M16 A1 (USA)
1 - Safety pin
2 - Pull ring
3 - Fragment element
4 - Mine body
5 - Main explosive charge
6 - Intermediate detonator
7 - CD
8 - Powder moderator
9 - Expelling charge
15
10 - Igniter
11 - Primer-igniter
12 - Bayek
13 - Hole for pre. checks
14 - mainspring
15 - Trigger
16 - Upper spring
pressure device
17 - Pressure device
18 - "Moustache"
19 - Hole trigger
hook
17
13
16
13
19
12
8
11
10
1
18
17
15
2
2
14
3
4
11
5
6
7 Mine type
11
8
Frame
9
Weight
Mass of explosives
Preparing M16 for actuation
Against pressure and tension effects Diameter
Wii on their fuses
Height
PP osc. rec.
a circle. since. pressure.
and tension.
actions
metal.
3.57 kg
575 gr. (TNT)
103 mm
120 mm
solid radius
defeat
up to 20m
Detonation height
mines
up to 1 m
Expansion range
individual slaughter
splinters
up to 50 m Anti-personnel fragmentation bouncing mine of a circular
defeat М16А1 is intended for mining the area against
enemy manpower. Mina is also known as
"Jumping Betty". M16A1 is a modified version
M16 mines and contains a smaller explosive charge, as a result of which
the radius of continuous damage is also reduced. Armed with a mine
arrives in an unfinished state. Mina has
green olive color, all inscriptions are made in yellow.
The mine consists of a body, an explosive charge, a fragmentation element, an igniter capsule,
knockout
charge,
two
pyrotechnic
moderators, two fuses, two intermediate detonators and
fuse.
Fragment element (finely chopped sheet iron in mastic),
is located around the explosive charge and is designed to provide
destructive action of a mine.
The term of combat operation of the mine is not limited. Elements
it does not have non-removability, non-neutralization and self-destruction.
When the mine fuse is triggered, a powder expelling gun explodes
charge. The action of gases formed during the explosion of a powder charge,
the fragmentation element, together with the bursting charge, is ejected from
soil. Explosive charge explodes at a height of 0.6 - 1.2 m. after
combustion of powder moderators. Bursting explosion action М18А1 Claymore (USA)
Mine weight, kg.
Mass of explosives, kg.
Housing material
Fuse type
Damage radius
1,6
0,68
plastic
electric
50 m in sector 600 M. AR. ED. Maud. F1 (France)
1 - Housing
2 - Viewfinder
3 - Rack
4 - Electromechanical fuse
with breaking wire
1
2
3
4
Type of
Mine weight, kg
Mass of explosives, kg
Housing material
Width, mm
Height, mm
Fuse
actuation force,
kgf
Installation method
Damage radius
fragmentation
1,5
0.4 (plastic explosive)
plastic
160 x 35
110
Electromechanical with break wire
200 m long
0,25
Manually
20 m in sector 600 M18A1 Claymore anti-personnel mines and mod. F1 are
directional fragmentation mines. Mines have in principle
the same designs. The body of the mine is plastic, prismatic,
arched. On the side of the convex part in the housing there are ready-made
fragments. Behind the fragments is a charge of plastic explosive. Mine
M18A1 has two fuse sockets, and mine mod. F1 is one. nests
located at the top of the case. For targeting mines
have target slots. For installation on the ground, mines have
folding or removable legs.
Mines can be installed in a controlled version. In this case they
explode from an electric detonator by applying an electric pulse
current from any source. When a mine charge explodes, fragments fly into
the side towards which the convex part is directed, in a horizontal angle
about 60 deg.
Defusing a mine installed in a controlled version,
is performed by cutting one wire of the control line or
electric detonator with subsequent removal of the electric detonator from
ignition socket. Quiz on an educational question
Assignment for independent work
ASSIGNMENT FOR INDEPENDENT WORK1. Anti-personnel mines: a reference guide. - Minsk, MO RB, 2008.
100 s.
2. Baluta, V.V. Engineering troops of foreign states: a reference book, in
2 parts (USA, Germany, UK) / V.V. Baluta; ed. I.N.
Lisovsky. - Minsk, MO RB, 2008. - 58 p.
3. Vasilkov, V.V. Organization of combat engineering support
actions, principles of combat use of engineering formations and
military units of the Armed Forces of foreign states: textbook
/ V.V. Vasilkov; ed. CM. Luchiny. - Minsk: GU "NII VS RB", 2006. -
85 p.
4. Vasilkov, V.V. Means of engineering weapons of foreign armies
states and prospects for their development: textbook / V.V. Vasilkov;
ed. CM. Luchiny. - Minsk: GU "NII VS RB", 2006. - 72 p.
5. Grigorenko, S.V. Engineering barriers / [Electronic resource]: coll.
uch. mat. according to the study program. – Electronic educational and methodical complex
(270 Mb). - Minsk, 2011. - 1 electron. opt. disc (CD-ROM): sound, color
Mina TS-50 (Italy), type, main specifications, mine clearance.
Push action anti-personnel mine (Italy).
Weight 186 gr.,
diameter 90 mm,
height 45 mm, charge weight (phlegmatized RDX) 50 gr. Outwardly, the mine is similar to the Italian VS-50, but is produced by a different company. The mine is triggered by a pneumomechanical fuse. When you press the lid, the air under it compresses and under pressure fills a small silicone bubble. Filling up, he turns the lever. Turning around its axis, the lever releases the drummer, which hits the detonator. The mine is neutralized identically to the VS-50 - the detonator plug at the bottom of the hull is unscrewed and the detonator is removed.
Mina M18A1 "Claymore" (USA) type, main technical characteristics, mine clearance.
 |  |
||
Mina М18А1 Claymore (Claymore, "broadsword") was developed after the end of the war in Korea, when the forces of the United Nations had to deal with Chinese infantrymen, who forced them out of their positions simply due to overwhelming numerical superiority. Since the appearance of the mine in the 60s, it has been widely copied around the world. It consists of
curved plastic body stuffed with 700 hollow steel balls inserted into
a plastic clip, behind which there is a 682 plate, explosives made of C4 composite plastite. The container is mounted on two pairs of folding legs and is equipped with a simple frame sight in the upper part and two channels for M4 ignition primers. Like many samples of military equipment of the US Army, the M18A1 Claymore mine is supplied with an illustrated instruction. In addition, there is also an M7 spool with 30 meters of brown wire and an M57 remote device, known as the "broadsword blaster", as well as an M40 test kit. When the Claymore capsules are triggered, the C4 plastite explodes and ejects 700 hollow balls in a fan. The kill zone is two meters high and has a radius of up to 50 meters, although the danger zone extends to almost 150 meters. Total Destruction Radius
is 16 meters, so the soldier detonating the mine must be in cover, or the mine must be placed in front of the wall. Before placing a claymore mine, the soldier first determines where the kill zone should be. Then he checks the M57 remote device, after which he sets a mine using a frame sight. Then the soldier unwinds the cable and fixes it on a strong object next to the mine so that a person or animal does not accidentally touch it. Lastly, a fuse is inserted, the soldier keeps the remote device with him at this moment. Once in position, the soldier inserts a cable into the remote device. The Claymore can be mounted at ground level, but also in trees and even during street fights on lampposts.
M18A1 Claymore mines are used special units armies of the USA and Great Britain, as well as special parts of NATO.
Characteristics:
Weight: 1.58 kg.
Length: 216 mm.
Width: 35 mm.
Height: 83 mm.
Lethal zone: 50 m.
Manufacturer "Morton Thiokol" (Morton
Thiokol Inc, Louisiana, USA
3.
M19 mine (USA), type, main technical characteristics, mine clearance.
Anti-tank anti-track mine. Designed to disable enemy tracked and wheeled vehicles. The defeat of enemy vehicles is inflicted due to the destruction of their undercarriage during the explosion of a mine charge at the moment the wheel (roller) runs over the pressure cover of the mine.
The mine can be installed both on the ground and in the ground, in snow, under water manually.
The term of combat operation of the mine is not limited. The mine is not equipped with a self-liquidator. On the side wall of the case there is an additional point for installing a non-removable fuse.
Tactical and technical characteristics mines
Mine type………………………………………………………………anti-tank anti-track.
Case……………………………………………………………………… plastic.
Weight……………………………………………………………………12.7 kg.
Mass of explosive (type "B")……………9.5 kg.
Dimensions…………………………………………………………………33x33 cm.
Case height……………………………………………………7.6 cm.
Target sensor diameter (pressure cover)……26 cm.
Sensitivity…………………………………………………136 - 180 kg.
Temperature range of application……………-50 - +50 degrees.
Fuze mechanical M-606.
Mines are packed in boxes of 4 pcs. (gross weight 67 kg.) fully equipped.
The mine is triggered when it hits the pressure cover. In the figure, the fuse sensor is conventionally highlighted in red. The fuse is switched to combat (armed), intermediate (danger) and safe (safe) position by turning the knob with an arrow drawn on it so that the arrow points to one of these words.
The mine is not inferior in power to the M-15, and compares favorably with its compactness and reliability of the fuse. The rectangular shape of the body makes it easy to transport and carry. It is not detected by mine detectors due to the fact that there are practically no metal parts in it. The mechanical fuse made this mine reliable in everything temperature range and we can say that it is in no way inferior to the Soviet mines TM-57, TM-62.
Explosive type "B" - 59% RDX, 40% TNT, 1% wax.
