The latest mine detectors, a multifunctional knife, a modernized demining kit, and simply a sapper suit, all this was seen by Defend Russia correspondents at the anniversary of the Research Testing Institute of Engineering Troops. New developments are just beginning to enter the troops, and we can tell you about them right now.

October 6 Central Research and Testing Institute of Engineering Troops of the Ministry of Defense Russian Federation celebrated its 95th anniversary. Over the years of its existence, the institute has created thousands of unique engineering weapons. At the anniversary, the guests were shown the latest developments. Here is some of them.

Combined-arms demining kit OVR-2

Each set includes: 6 suits-protective sets of the Sokol sapper, 6 protective helmets LSHZ-2DTM.

"Falcon" is able to protect the sapper from pistol bullets flying at speeds up to 550 m / s, although it is intended mainly to protect against fragments generated when explosive devices are triggered while escorting columns, during special operations to clear the area, etc.

The weight of the suit is only 8.5 kg, which allows the sapper to carry out a set of demining tasks in it throughout the day, in contrast to the existing protective kit ZKS-1 "Dublon", which weighs more than 40 kg.

The armor plates of the Falcon are made of lightweight and high-strength polyethylene, and not steel, as in other suits. The sapper in the Falcon also becomes protected from mines that have a proximity fuse and react to the presence of metal nearby. The fabric of the top is made of non-combustible material.

"Falcon" is combined with regular elements of wearable equipment, including summer and winter uniforms, personal armor protection. OVR-1 retains its protective properties in the temperature range from minus 40 to plus 50 degrees, as well as when exposed to rain and sleet.

Armored helmet "LShZ 2DTM"

The helmet "LShZ-2DTM" is designed for periodic wear in order to protect against bullets small arms head of a person, as well as to protect the face and neck of a person from small arms bullets when the product is equipped with a visor and aventail.

The product consists of a body, an upper damper and a chin strap.

The protective structure of the body and aventail of the product consists of discrete fabric materials based on aramid threads.

The protective structure of the visor of the 1st protection class GOST R 50744-95 consists of a combination of polycarbonate glasses. The protective structure of the visor of the 2nd protection class consists of a combination of composite material and armored glass.

Main characteristics

The helmet body provides the level of head protection according to the 2nd class of GOST R 50744-95, the face according to the 1st or 2nd class, the neck according to the 2nd class of protection.

The protection area of ​​the helmet body is not less than 15.0 dm2, the visor for class 1 is 5.0 dm2.

The protection area of ​​the transparent part was taken according to the 2nd class - at least 1.5 dm2, of the composite part - 2.8 dm2.

The protection area of ​​aventail is not less than 5.5 dm2.

The mass of the helmet is not more than 4.45 kg.

Peculiarities

the product ensures the preservation of resistance to the effects of weapons in the operating temperature range from -40 to +40 ° C, when exposed to precipitation

when the product is shelled, the level of head injury does not exceed the II degree of severity in accordance with GOST R 50744-95

the optical properties of the visor provide the possibility of orientation of a person in space when wearing the product

the product does not lose its protective properties after falling from a height of 1 m onto a concrete base

Possibility of using gas masks PMK-2, PMK-3

Possibility of fastening technical means and attachments

Each suit has two transport bags and two sets of thermal underwear - summer and winter. Each costume also comes with a Swipe-3 combat knife and a flashlight.

The new set is unique. Similar elements are found, but there are no kits in the same assembly.

GENERAL DEMINING SET OVR-2.

The suit is much lighter than its predecessor and weighs about eight kg. This significantly increases the duration of the work of sappers. Titanium protective panels have been replaced with extruded polyethylene, which also reduces the weight of the suit. In addition, the protection of the collar zone and vital organs has been strengthened.

This set retains protective properties when hit from 5 meters with a PM pistol and a TT pistol (bullet 5.45, bullet 7.62). The cost of the kit is quite low for such equipment and amounts to about 1 million rubles. Since the beginning of this year, the kit has been actively used by engineering troops in the complete demining of the area on the territory of the Chechen Republic.

Portable finder of wired lines for controlling explosive devices PIPL

PORTABLE SEARCHER OF WIRED LINES FOR CONTROL OF EXPLOSIVE DEVICES PIPL. PHOTO: ANDREY LUFT / PROTECT RUSSIA

The device is designed to search for wired control lines for explosive devices. The portable finder is capable of detecting a 20-meter SPP-2 type wire at a distance of 4 meters from either end and at a depth of 30 centimeters in the ground.

It consists of an electronics unit with remote control of the indication, a carrier frame of three telescopic rods, a generator coil and a receiving coil. Manufactured using modern composite materials, modern electronic base. The portable finder can be easily folded and placed in a transport case.

There is nothing complicated in working with the device. When turned on, the device is immediately ready to work - to search. The presence of a wire or a wired line is indicated by an LED scale.

This is a completely domestic development. The portable finder was created with the participation of specialists from the department engineering intelligence institute. The price of the device is comparable to the prices of foreign analogues and is about three hundred thousand rubles.

The portable finder was accepted for supply in 2013 and has already proven itself with positive side. The device was used in the preparation and conduction Olympic Games in Sochi.

Portable induction selective mine detector IMP-S2

Designed to replace the current IMP mine detectors in service today. The device is designed to detect anti-personnel and anti-tank mines, the body, fuses and parts of which are made of metal.

selective portable induction mine detector IMP-S and IMP-S2

IMP-S (IMP-S2) allows the operator to classify detected objects according to the totality of their electrophysical methods.

Provides detection and selection by generalized parameters of anti-tank and anti-personnel mines installed in the ground (snow, water).

Tactical and technical characteristics
Depth of detection of anti-tank (PTM) and anti-personnel (PPM) mines installed in the ground (snow, water), cm:
PTM type TM-62M (with MVCh-62 fuse)
PPM type PMN-2
PPM type TS-50
Time of continuous operation without replacing batteries, h
Number of power supplies LR-20 (AA), pcs
Transfer time from transport position to working position, min	no more than 3
Search rate, m2/h	at least 300
Mine detector weight, kg: in working position in a packing case
Calculation, person

Currently, mine detectors are routinely purchased and delivered to the subdivisions.

portable mine detector IMP-S 2 is made using modern materials and modern radio-electronic base. The use of plastic helped to significantly reduce the weight of the device.

P RETAINED INDUCTION SELECTIVE MINE DETECTOR IMP-S2. PHOTO: ANDREY LUFT / PROTECT RUSSIA

Purpose

The detector is designed to search for mines and improvised explosive devices equipped with electronic fuses (initiation systems) installed on the ground surface, in soil, snow, under road surfaces, as well as at various objects. The crawler detects with a high probability:

Proximity fuses for anti-tank, anti-vehicle and anti-personnel mines

executive devices electronic means remote control explosive barriers

Radio receivers, electronic and electromechanical timers, electronic sensors and contactors of improvised explosive device initiation systems

Autonomous reconnaissance and signaling devices

The finder can be used to locate weapons and ammunition caches.
The seeker is effective in detecting electronic devices and ski equipment in snowy debris.

Peculiarities

The highly sensitive two-channel receiving device (2nd and 3rd harmonics) reduces the number of "false alarms" from foreign metal objects.
Circularly polarized antennas eliminate the risk of “missing a target” when changing the orientation of the antenna system.
Step adjustment of the sensitivity of the receiving device (0 dB, -10 dB; -20 dB; -30 dB) allows you to optimally configure the device for operation in conditions of external electromagnetic interference.
The transmitting device has the ability to adjust the output power of the probing signal, which virtually eliminates the risk of triggering an explosive device from the influence of the electromagnetic radiation of the seeker.
The finder kit includes a shoulder bag for placing the units of the device during operation.
Antennas and a panel with controls and indications are combined into a single ergonomic design that provides convenient control of the finder's operating modes.
Reliable and durable nickel-cadmium battery 5NKGTS-7-1 provides a long time of continuous operation.
The charger provides in automatic mode the optimal mode of charging the battery.
The device is designed in dust and moisture-proof design, has a durable housing, maintains performance in a wide temperature range.

Advantages

Large detection range of guided mines and improvised explosive devices (up to 30 m).
The ability to detect explosive devices located behind various obstacles: concrete and brick walls, barbed wire and metal mesh fences, under asphalt and concrete road surfaces.
High search rate (40 - 50 times higher than the metal detector search rate).
light weight, modern design, ease of operation and ease of reading information.
Application safety.
Possibility of long-term operation in the field.

Specifications

	Portable pulse detector of non-linear transitions
Transmitter operating frequency
Transmitter output pulse power	200W/30W
Receiver sensitivity	150 dB/W (2nd and 3rd harmonic)
Signaling	Light and sound
Source of power
Current consumption	no more than 500 mA
Transfer time from transport position to working position
Time of continuous operation without changing the power supply (under normal conditions)	at least 8 hours
Operating temperature range	30°С...+50°С
Instrument in working position
Instrument set in a carrying bag
antenna unit

Designed for remote detection of mine-explosive devices with electronic fuses - radio-electronic components, circuits and transistors. The antenna unit and the radar unit with the control panel are located in front, in the hands of the sapper.

To reduce the mass of that part of the mine detector, which is in the hands of the military, the electronics unit and the battery are placed on the back of the sapper.

PORTABLE DETECTOR OF NON-CONTACT EXPLOSIVE DEVICES INVU-3M. PHOTO: ANDREY LUFT / PROTECT RUSSIA

Mine detector NR900EK "KITE"

Getting acquainted with the novelties of the modern metal detector market, you involuntarily begin to feel sorry for the heroes of Robert Stevenson, who could not find pirate treasures.

Modern metal detectors are powerful, multifunctional electronic devices that are not only capable of detecting the presence of metal in any environment without direct contact with it. They can be used to determine chemical composition, depth of occurrence and a number of different characteristics. Also, these devices are able to "discriminate" metals, i.e. work only on the specified view, completely ignoring the others.

The principle of operation of the detector is based on the measurement of secondary electromagnetic waves reflected by the metal.

The scope of these devices is huge. In addition to treasure hunters, they are readily used by geologists, builders, security personnel, etc. Metal detectors are even more actively used by the armed forces of all countries. Their main task is to detect mines and other metal devices.

This article will focus on a unique device, which, in terms of a number of characteristics, stands out noticeably even among highly specialized special detectors used by military specialists.

Non-linear locator NR900EK "KORSHUN"

The locator is designed to detect electronic devices located in the ground and on its surface. Its use allows you to find:

· Radio receivers and radio transmitters of various communication devices, signaling and control systems for remote objects;

· Electromechanical and electronic timers;

· Acoustic, optoelectronic and magnetic sensors and small cameras;

· Hidden structures made of metal;

· Electronic equipment for skiers caught in avalanches coming down from the mountains.

Such a wide functionality of the locator allows using it to solve a number of tasks, which include:

· Checking expensive and various objects for the presence of explosive devices, complete with electronic units;

· Carrying out operational-search actions and carrying out investigative measures aimed at finding various hiding places in which weapons, ammunition and explosive devices are hidden;

· Ensuring the safe functioning of various objects by detecting and neutralizing various devices of sabotage and terrorist orientation.

Application HP900EK "KORSHUN" has a number of features:

2-channel receiving device can significantly reduce the number of false positives;

· The polarized antenna eliminates the risk of missing an explosive device when it turns;

· Step adjustment of sensitivity of the device provides its optimum adjustment at fluctuations of intensity of an electromagnetic field.

As mentioned earlier, the unique characteristics of the device provide it with a number of operational advantages, which include:

· Ability to detect targets at a great distance;

· Ability to detect electronic devices in both active and passive states;

· Detect electronic devices that are behind various barriers;

· A well-thought-out layout of the locator provides the possibility of tactical landing;

· High rates of prospecting;

· Ergonomic and safe use;

· The powerful and reliable power supply provides long time of continuous work without its replacement or recharging.

All of the above provides HP900EK "KORSHUN", the "brainchild" of the domestic military industry, popularity and demand in the engineering units of the Russian army.

Sappers using locators work in pairs. The first number is engaged in the detection of explosive devices, the second - their neutralization.

A clear confirmation of the effectiveness of the use of this mine detector was its use by engineering and sapper units of the Southern Military District, which were engaged in mine clearance of roads and other military and social structure on the territory of Chechnya. In difficult conditions of rugged terrain, the locator demonstrated the highest accuracy of operations, which made it possible to ensure the safe operation of these objects in a short time.

The non-linear locator NR900EK "KORSHUN" is not classified. Information about it technical specifications and functionality is publicly available, which has led to "unhealthy" interest in the device from individuals. The effectiveness, and most importantly, the expediency of its use in the search for treasures, is doubtful. Members of private "search" expeditions should pay attention to other detectors that are freely available in any specialized store.

The newest Russian robotic demining system is Uran-6, which was created by JSC "766 UPTK" (Department of production and technological equipment, Moscow region). This sapper complex has already managed to pass acceptance tests in Chechnya - in the Sunzha region. Here, the Uran-6 robotic complex was engaged in the continuous cleaning of forests and agricultural land from a variety of explosive objects.

The new Uran-6 sapper robot is a caterpillar self-propelled radio-controlled minesweeper. Depending on the tasks that are set for the complex, up to 5 different trawls, as well as dozer blades, can be installed on it. The operator can control the complex at a distance of up to 1000 meters (the device has 4 video cameras that provide all-round visibility). The robotic sapper complex "Uran-6" is able to detect, identify and, on command, destroy any explosive object, the power of which does not exceed 60 kg of TNT. At the same time, the robot ensures the complete safety of personnel. Uran-6 munitions found on the ground are neutralized either by destroying them physically or by setting them into action.

O technical features The tested equipment was told to journalists by the general director of the enterprise 766 UPTK Dmitry Ostapchuk. According to him, the new Uran-6 robotic complex is designed to clear urban areas, as well as mountainous and lightly forested areas. This complex can be equipped with five different interchangeable tools: striker, roller and milling trawls, as well as a bulldozer blade and a mechanical tong. Several types of trawl are used to provide the ability to work with various types soils. For example, a fighting trawl is used on soft types of soil, a roller trawl is used on hard surfaces. Moving on flat terrain, the Uran-6 sapper robot can clear mines at a speed of up to 3 km/h, and on rocky terrain its speed is reduced to 0.5 km/h.

During the tests, which were carried out in Nikolo-Uryupino near Moscow, the Uran-6 complex, equipped with a roller trawl, was presented. This tool was a set of heavy rolls mounted on an axle that rolled along the surface of the earth in front of the sapper robot. The fighting trawl operates differently. It is arranged as follows: strikers are spun on a shaft on special chains, which develop a speed of up to 600-700 rpm and thresh on the ground, literally plowing the ground to a depth of 35 cm. And the third type of trawl - milling - has a distant resemblance to a cultivator. At the same time, the goal of all these devices is the same - to destroy what was found on the ground. explosive device or lead him to undermine. At the same time, the Uran-6 sapper robot is designed in such a way that rather strong explosions can constantly thunder right in front of it. The robot has armor, and its tools are able to withstand explosions of explosive devices with a capacity of up to 60 kg of TNT.

The weight of an armored sapper robot is rather big - about 6-7 tons, depending on the configuration. At the same time, the robot is equipped with a 190-horsepower engine, which provides it with a fairly high specific power - about 32-37 hp. per ton. The sapper robot, having a height of 1.4 meters, is able to overcome obstacles up to 1.2 meters high.

If we talk about the results of field tests of the robot, then according to the press service of the Southern Military District (SMD), they can be considered successful. From the end of July to the end of August 2014, the Uran-6 sapper robot managed to clear about 80 thousand square meters of agricultural land, while destroying about 50 explosive objects. During this time, no breakdowns or failures in the operation of the complex were recorded. Calculations were also made that showed that one Uran-6 sapper robot was able to do the amount of work per day that a unit of 20 sappers could do.

Military sappers who work in the Chechen Republic have already appreciated the new Uran-6 robotic complex. The new sapper robot is equipped with a variety of mine sweeps, but its main feature is the presence of equipment that allows not only to find and neutralize all types of existing ammunition, but also to correctly identify them. Thanks to this capability, the Uran-6 can distinguish between an artillery shell and an aerial bomb or anti-tank mine.

The place of trial operation of the novelty in Chechnya was, among other things, the highlands located in the Vedensky district of the republic (at an altitude of 1600 meters above sea level). Still preserved here minefields, to neutralize which, using ordinary engineering facilities, hard enough. At the same time, due to its weight (under 6 tons and more), this robot-sapper was thrown into the mountains using a heavy Mi-26 transport helicopter.

If this robotic complex shows itself well in a variety of natural conditions, Russian generals will raise the issue of starting it series production in the interests of the RF Armed Forces. Previously, analogues of such demining complexes were used by the Russian Emergencies Ministry, but in Russian army there were no such complexes. In the event that the serial production of these sapper robots is launched in Russia until the end current year, the first batches will begin to enter service with the troops of the Southern Military District at the beginning of 2015.

Knife multifunctional

The knife is designed to equip military personnel ground forces, Airborne Forces, marines and special forces.

The knife has: a specialized blade, a universal saw, an awl, pliers, a flat slot screwdriver, a Phillips screwdriver. The weight of the set is 400 grams.

Portable induction mine detector IMP-2 is designed to search in soil of different moisture content, in snow and water for anti-tank and anti-personnel mines, other explosive objects with metal or plastic cases and containing metal parts. The mine detector can be used in various environments in peaceful and war time for reconnaissance of minefields, making passages in them and continuous demining of the area. In addition, if necessary, the IMP-2 can be used to search for other metal objects.

Compound:

The IMP-2 mine detector consists of:

Search element (rectangular shape in the form of a frame with 2 gaps)

Prefabricated three-knee bar

Amplifying block

Head phones

Assembly probe

Signal processing unit with connection cables (on/off toggle switch, sensitivity adjustment knob, male connector, cable connector.)

External power supply (connects to telescopic rods)

Carrying bags, for external power supply, soft case

Depth of detection depending on the size of the search object:

PTM - 50 cm

zone width:

detection area:

standing – 300 m2/h

lying down - 150 m2/h

lane width - up to 2 m (in reality - 1.7 m)

Total weight in working condition - no more than 2 kg.

in the package -8 kg

Power is supplied autonomously from batteries built into the device or accumulators of the R6 type (element 343 - 6 pieces) with a total voltage of 9 V.

The metal detector remains operational at temperatures environment from -50 C to +50 C.

The order of preparation for work.

Deploy the IMP-2 mine detector. Set the POWER toggle switch to the OFF position, the regulator knob to the left position (minimum sensitivity). Keep the mine detector sensor no closer than 0.5 m from the ground and no closer than 1 m from metal objects.

When the POWER switch is set to ON. there should be a sound signal of two to four tone sequences lasting 3-4 s (auto-compensation process), then short clicks with a frequency of 3 s; if there are no clicks, replace the power supplies.

Check the sensitivity as follows: 3-4 seconds after the auto-compensation process, bring the probe with its pointed end to the center of the sensor at a distance of 20-30 cm (several times) - there should be a detection signal.

Set the maximum sensitivity for a given type of soil in the surveyed area, for which set the regulator knob to the maximum right position, in which the proximity of the sensor to the ground until it touches does not lead to an audible signal.

During operation, the mine detector sensor moves to the right and left at a speed of 0.1-1 m / s parallel to the ground, at a distance of up to 5 cm from it. After each stroke, the sensor moves forward at a distance of up to 20 cm. The fact of detecting a mine is accompanied by an audible signal. The frequency of the signal is proportional to the size and mass of the metal parts of the mine and inversely proportional to the distance from the mine to the sensor of the search element.

To clarify the location of the discovered mine, you must: stop; raise the sensor so that the tone of the sound signal becomes lower; without changing the height, move the sensor and find its position where the signal tone will be maximum (the search object is under the center of the sensor).

Induction semiconductor metal detector"IMP" is designed to detect objects made of ferrous and non-ferrous metals. The metal detector allows you to detect these objects in liquid, loose, semi-liquid media, in soil, wood, snow, etc. The depth of search for objects in liquid media (when the metal detector is immersed) is up to 1 m. In soil or other dense media, large metal objects are detected on depth up to 40 cm from the surface.

The metal detector kit includes:

search element with a shortened rod knee;

a bar consisting of three knees screwed together;

generator-amplifying unit;

head phones;

transport packaging.

The search element of the metal detector consists of two receiving coils located at the ends of a moisture-proof plastic casing, and a generator coil placed between them. It receives alternating current from a generator located in the case of the amplifier unit.

The receiving coils are connected in such a way that the total electromotive force induced in them under the influence of the electromagnetic field of the generator coil is approximately equal to zero. Full balancing of this EMF is carried out by a phase-amplitude compensator using coarse and fine adjustment knobs, which are located on the top panel of the amplifier unit.

The amplifier unit is mounted on a duralumin frame. This frame also contains a generator and a phase-amplitude compensator. The frame itself is in a steel case with a hinged lid. A special compartment of the case is designed for power sources - four elements 373, which ensure continuous operation of the device for 80 hours at an air temperature of minus 30° to plus 50°C. On the housing cover there is a contact spring for serial connection of power supplies and a plate with a diagram of the installation of power supplies.

On the panel of the amplifier block, in addition to the compensator knobs, there are:

power switch;

connector for connecting the cable of the search element;

phone sockets.

The inoperative connector is protected by a special cap. The total weight of the metal detector is 7.2 kg, the weight of the search part is 2.5 kg.

To work with a metal detector, you need to assemble and configure the devices, and then search.

After work, the device is disassembled, wiped and packed.

The metal detector can be assembled to work in two positions: standing and lying down. To work in a standing position, a metal detector is assembled in cases where it is necessary to search on the ground or in large rooms. In these cases, all three knees of the bar are used. When working in difficult conditions (for example, in rooms with very low ceilings, in attics, etc.), the two middle knees of the rod are not used, the rolled elements of the rod are installed parallel to the search element, and the canvas bag with the generator-amplifying unit is fixed on the waist belt. This assembly of the device ensures its use in the prone position.

During assembly, the cable of the search element is connected to the generator-amplifying unit, the phone plug is connected to the socket.

For all types of metal detector assembly and its maintenance it is strictly forbidden to unscrew the union nut on the search element and open the top cover of the amplifier unit.

After assembling the metal detector, the power is turned on and the device is configured.

When a metal object enters the zone of action of one of the receiving coils, the emf induced in them is unbalanced. The resulting differential EMF enters the amplifier and from it the signal enters the telephones. The signal is amplified when the receiving coil approaches a metal object. Taking this into account, the device is tuned when the search element is removed at least 1.5 m from metal objects. The device is tuned by rotating the knobs of the compensator of the amplifying unit until the main tone signal disappears in the phones. If after that, when the search element is brought to a metal object, the main tone signal appears in the phones, then the device is configured for searching. The metal detector works stably for 10-20 minutes, after which the device is adjusted. The sensitivity of a metal detector depends on how carefully it is set up.

1. Before conducting a search, it is advisable to inspect the area under investigation, remove visible foreign metal objects (if necessary, for example, in order to maintain secrecy, these objects return to their original place after the search is completed).

2. For the purpose of consistency and completeness of the search, the surveyed area must be divided into conditional squares or strips in such a way that their boundaries, when examined by a metal detector, completely overlap both in the longitudinal and transverse directions.

3. The search element during operation should be kept at a distance of no more than 5 cm from the surface being examined and parallel to it, moving forward gradually, with each step no more than half the length of the search element, and moving it in one direction or another (to the right, to the left).

4. Having heard a tone, you need to stop and clarify the location of the metal object by moving the search element to the right and left - until the strongest signal appears in the headphones, back and forth - until a slight signal interruption appears. In this case, the metal object will be under the middle part of the search element.

5. During the search, the areas where the presence of metal was recorded should be noted so that after examining the entire area, the issue of finding the desired object can be resolved. When determining the sequence of verification and opening of these areas, it is necessary to take into account such external signs such as subsidence, removed sod, freshly dug hole, soil marks on grass, etc.

6. After removing the object, its location is additionally examined by a metal detector.

7. When using two metal detectors during the search, the distance between them must be at least 6 meters. This is necessary to exclude the mutual influence of the magnetic fields of the devices.

After the end of the search, the metal detector is cleaned of dirt, wiped and placed in a package. When storing the device for a long time, it is necessary to remove the power sources from the amplifier unit.

Portable metal detector Gamma VM-20 N

The portable metal detector Gamma VM-20 N (Fig. 44) is designed to search for objects made of ferrous and non-ferrous metals in various caches and hard-to-reach places.

Rice. 44.Search device "Gamma VM-20N"

The Gamma instrument is very sensitive. A metal object the size of a three-kopeck coin is detected by it from a distance of 7 cm. From 15-20 cm, the device detects objects such as a knife, pistol, etc.

The device includes:

eddy current transducer;

a high frequency generator;

amplitude detector;

an amplifier with a threshold device;

oscillator audio frequency with speaker;

· electronic key;

· source of power.

All components of the device are mounted in a plastic case, convenient to hold in your hand. An inductive search element is located under the cylindrical head of the housing. On the side wall is a switch. An audible signaling device is mounted under the rear top cover, next to it is a tuning knob. The power compartment is located under a sliding cover at the bottom of the case.

The power source is an element of the "Krona" type with a voltage of 9 volts. When working in conditions low temperatures(up to -20°C), the power supply is placed in a special case, which in this case is located under the operator's clothing. One battery "Krona VTS" provides 8 hours of continuous operation of the metal detector.

The sound signal of the device about the presence of a metal object in the search area is heard at a distance of 1.5 m.

Before starting work, you need to make sure that the device is working, install the power source and make settings. The instrument is set up in the following order.

Take the device to right hand search element down, and the loudspeaker (hole on the body) - up. Turn on the device by setting the switch to the "ON" position, and the setting knob to the extreme position. After turning on the device, a sound signal should appear, which after 5-10 seconds. disappears.

Turn the tuning knob counterclockwise to achieve a stable sound signal. By smoothly turning the tuning knob in the opposite direction, achieve an intermittent sound signal, and with further rotation, the sound disappears. The position of the tuning knob, when a slight counterclockwise rotation causes an intermittent sound signal, and the reverse disappearance of the sound, indicates the correct setting of the device. The smaller the rotation of the knob when switching from silent mode to intermittent sound signaling mode, the more accurate the device setting, the greater its sensitivity, i.e., the ability to detect the same objects at a greater distance. To check the readiness of the device, you need to bring the search element (search head) to any metal object; a continuous signal that appears indicates the readiness of the metal detector to search.

If an intermittent sound signal occurs when the search element is brought to a non-metallic surface, for example, to the palm of your hand, you need to slightly turn the tuning knob clockwise, that is, reduce the sensitivity of the device.

When setting up the device, it should be taken into account that a sound signal may also appear when a metal object approaches the “rear” side of the metal detector, if there is a watch or other metal objects on the operator’s hand.

The efficiency of using the device largely depends on some circumstances that must be taken into account when performing a search:

1. Due to the fact that large metal objects affect the magnetic field of the search element, preventing the normal operation of the device, they must, if possible, be removed from the search area.

2. To be sure of the reliability and completeness of the search, it should be carried out sequentially, in accordance with the previously marked areas (squares) of the surface being examined. In this case, the width of the strip checked in one pass by a metal detector should not exceed 7 cm.

3. It is necessary to move the device as close as possible to the surface under study, this ensures the maximum search depth.

4. Max speed scanning (carrying the device over the surface under study) should not exceed 50 cm/sec. When scanning at a higher speed, the sound signal does not have time to form and is not captured by the operator.

5. In order to avoid a false signal, when working with the device, do not allow sudden movements or impacts of the metal detector on hard objects.

6. In the process of continuous work with a metal detector, it is necessary to periodically (at least once every two hours) check the correct settings of the device. To do this, it is enough to bring the device closer with a search element to any small metal object (watch, ring). If at the same time the distance at which the alarm is triggered is less than 7 cm, the device requires adjustment.

7. If there are hidden metal objects such as reinforcement of reinforced concrete structures, pipelines, electrical wiring, metal parts of windows, etc., causing the appearance of a “false” signal, it is necessary to first establish their exact location using the device, and then examine adjacent areas surfaces.

8. Using the device, Special attention you should pay attention to such signs as separate sections of the walls with re-pasted wallpaper, traces of additional or fresh painting, surface irregularities, etc. Before opening these places, it is recommended to check them with punctures or by drilling. Opening of possible caches is carried out with precautions against damage to the items or packaging contained in them.

When conducting a personal search, those areas of the human body are taken into account, which are most likely to be used to cover metal objects.

Before starting a personal examination, they are offered to put their feet shoulder-width apart, spread their arms to the sides. The search is carried out by passing the metal detector over the surface of the body (clothing) at a distance of 2-3 cm at a speed of not more than 50 cm/sec. So the passage from one shoulder to the other is carried out in about 1 second.

When a sound signal occurs, the location of the metal object must be clarified by reducing the scanning speed and narrowing the control zone to the minimum size. You can judge the mass of the detected metal by moving the device away from the surface being inspected. So, if the cause of the signal was a small item of clothing, for example, a button, then a slight distance of the metal detector will lead to the disappearance of the signal. If there is a significant mass of metal in this area (knife, pistol), the signal is preserved.

In some cases, the method of comparing the reaction of a metal detector when examining symmetrical areas of the body helps to establish the cause of the signal. Thus, if an alarm is triggered during scanning near the left leg, but there is no signal near the right leg, it can be assumed that there is a hidden metal object on the left leg.

When conducting a search, it is necessary to visually identify suspicious elements of clothing (for example, thickened seams, items of clothing that are unusual in shape and size) and examine them with particular care.

After removing the metal object from the area under study, it is necessary to re-inspect the fixed place.

When examining various bundles, packages, examining individual items of clothing, it should be borne in mind that the device fixes metal objects placed to a depth not exceeding maximum range detection depending on the total mass of these objects.

TOPIC:Means of engineering reconnaissance and demining

TIME: 2 hours

LOCATION:__________________________________________

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

1. To give an understanding of the means of engineering reconnaissance and demining

2. Teach personnel order of deployment and work with engineering reconnaissance means.

LEARNING QUESTIONS:

4. MMP mine detector. Purpose, performance characteristics, composition, procedure for working with a mine detector.

Lesson progress:

INTRODUCTION-5min

According to estimates, from 5 to 10 million mines are produced annually in the world. To date, approximately 110 million of them have been installed in 64 countries and remain in combat position. Up to 10 million mines have been installed in Afghanistan alone. About 2 million of them are installed on the territory of Bosnia, and taking into account the territory of Croatia and Serbia, this number increases to 3.7 million. According to the International Red Cross, in Mozambique, all major roads pose a danger to movement, since 2 million mines were planted on them during the 18-year civil war.

According to a UN report, 26,000 people are killed by mines worldwide every year and approximately the same number are injured. The victims are mostly civilians, up to half of whom are children.

Demining is a very slow and labor intensive process. The removal of an anti-personnel mine, which costs US$3 to produce, costs US$300-1000. During the year, no more than 200-300 thousand mines are removed all over the world, and more than a million new mines are re-installed. On average, every 5,000 mines are cleared, 1 sapper is killed and 2 are injured. Even assuming that no mines are laid, the cost of complete demining in all countries would be $33 billion and would take 500 years to complete at the current pace of work.

The experience of military operations in Afghanistan and Chechnya shows that the success of the tasks of searching for mines and land mines, as well as weapons depots, fully depends on whether there are specialists in the engineering troops unit who have studied the unmasking signs of search objects to the subtlety and skillfully use reconnaissance equipment. . So, for example, while providing combat operations in the green zone of the province of Parvan in February 1984, the composition of the search group using the IMB finder discovered a warehouse with weapons and ammunition at a depth of 2 m. The warehouse was discovered by junior sergeant R. Kumurzin, who was fluent in this device. On the territory of Chechnya, as of September 05, 1996, the forces of units and subunits of the engineering troops completed the following volumes of tasks:

1. Explored and demined:

- terrain - 54 thousand hectares,

- buildings and structures - 1060 thousand hectares,

including residential buildings - 317,

schools - 47,

hospitals - 32,

kindergartens - 10,

objects - 793,

lines of power lines - 780 km,

roads - 775 km.

2. In total, 470,000 explosive objects were discovered and destroyed. Including:

- engineering mines - 11600,

- artillery shells - 99200,

Mortar mines - 75400,

ATGM-1280,

Pomegranate - 86560,

Air bombs - 195,

Other VOP-195925.

I.MINO DETECTOR IMP. PURPOSE, performance characteristics, COMPOSITION, ORDER OF WORK - 25 min

Mine detector IMP.

Semiconductor induction mine detector (IMP) is used to search for metal objects in the ground.

Principle of operation

The search element contains two receiving coils and one transmitter coil. The generator coil radiates electromagnetic waves received by the receiving coils - the total EMF in them is zero. When metal objects are brought into the field, waves are reflected from them - an unbalance signal appears, which is heard in phones.

Detection depth not less than (cm): - PTM PPM	……………………80 ……………………...8
Search width, zone (cm): - PTM PPM	…………………….30 …………………….20
Power supply (E 373) (pcs)	……………………4
Time of continuous work (hour)	…………………100
Search engine weight (kg)	……………………2.4
Mine detector weight (kg)	……………………6.6

Rice. oneMine detector IMP.1-head phones; 2-amplifying block; 3-search element; 4-bar.

Operating procedure

1. Assemble a bar from aluminum knees;

2. Connect to the amplifying block of the headphone plug and the connecting cable of the search element;

3. Put on phones, while one of the shells should not cover the ear in order to listen to orders;

4. Move the toggle switch to the "ON" position and check the operability (squeak, setting the tone and sensitivity);

5. Continuously moving right and left in front of you, move forward, holding the element 5 - 7 centimeters from the ground.

As the signal increases, there is more metal.

Product PR - 507 is designed to search and detect metal and metal-containing objects in the ground, water and snow.

II.MINO DETECTOR IMP-2. PURPOSE, performance characteristics, COMPOSITION, ORDER OF WORK - 25 min

Mine detector IMP - 2

Main performance characteristics

Detection depth in the ground, not more than (cm): type TM - 62M Type PMN - 2
Minimum distance between two mine detectors (m)...
Power supply (8РЦ83) (pcs)………………………………….
Time of continuous operation (hour)………………………………...
Weight of products in a packing case (kg)……………………..

Rice. 2.Mine detector IMP - 2.1-packing portable box; 2-piece aluminum probe; 3-search element; 4-telescopic rod; 5-power supply; 6-block signal processing; 7-head phones.

The principle of operation of an induction mine detector is based on fixing the secondary field of eddy currents that occur in metal objects under the influence of a primary pulsed electromagnetic field.

III.MINO DETECTOR MMP. PURPOSE, TTX, COMPOSITION, ORDER OF WORK - 20 min

MMP mine detector.

Main performance characteristics

Depth of detection of mines (cm): - PTM in a metal case PTM in non-metal cases………………………………. PPM in cases of any material……………………………	Up to 50 Up to 15 Up to 7
Continuous operation time (hour)…………………………………..

Multi-channel (radio wave, induction, combined) semiconductor portable mine detector is designed to search for anti-tank and anti-personnel mines in housings made of any metals and materials.

Rice.3. MMP mine detector:1-search element; 2-probe; 3-rod; 4-block signal processing; 5-head phones

The principle of operation of MMP is based on a combination of two methods:

1. Radio wave - sounding signals are emitted by transmitting antennas, reflected from the ground surface, received by receiving antennas and detected.

2. Induction - a reflected electromagnetic wave is captured with characteristics characteristic of Me (amplitude, phase).

Operating procedure

When reconnaissance of the area, the search element of the mine detector is moved with a sweep to the left - to the right parallel to the ground surface at a height of 10 centimeters at a speed of 0.6 - 0.9 m / s (2 - 3 km / h). After each stroke, the search element is moved forward 1/3 of its length. The appearance of a short signal indicates the presence of a foreign object.

IV.MINO DETECTOR RVM-2. PURPOSE, TTX, COMPOSITION, ORDER OF WORK - 20 min

Mine detector RVM - 2.

Main performance characteristics

Depth of mine detection (cm): - PTM………………. PPM………………	to 10 up to 5
Detection zone width (cm): - PTM……………… PPM………………	up to 20 up to 15
Mass of the mine detector (kg)………………………………...
Mass of the search part (kg)……………………………..
Time of continuous operation (hour)……………………….
Temperature Range applications (O C)……………	+50 to -50
Calculation (people)……………………………………………….

The RVM-2 mine detector is designed to search for anti-tank and anti-personnel mines with hulls made of any material.

Rice.4 . Mine detector RVM - 2:1-search element; 2-holder; 3-telescopic rod; 4-collet clamp; 5-block signal processing; 6-head phones.

The principle of operation is based on fixing the difference in the dielectric permittivity of explosives, the material of the mine body and the environment in which the mine is installed. Sounding signals are emitted by transmitting antennas, reflected from the ground surface, received by receiving antennas and detected. When moving the search element over the mine, a sound signal appears in the phones.

Preparation for work

1. Assemble the mine detector;

2. Connect headphones to the signal processing unit;

3. Insert power supplies;

4. Check functionality.

Operating procedure

The search for mines, depending on the state of the soil, is carried out in one of two search modes: I " or "P". Mode " I " is used to search for mines, in the snow, as well as under a layer of water, and the "P" mode in other cases.

Moving in a given direction, move the search element parallel to the ground at a height of 3-7 centimeters with smooth strokes, making sure that there are no unexplored areas left. When a signal appears on the phones, stop and clarify the location of the object

FINAL PART-5 min

I summarize the lessons, answer the questions posed, give the task for self-preparation.

Synopsis - Means of engineering reconnaissance and demining

Russia, 2000 - 7 p.

Discipline - Engineering training

Mine detector IMP. Purpose, performance characteristics, composition, procedure for working with a mine detector.

Mine detector IMP-2. Purpose, performance characteristics, composition, procedure for working with a mine detector.

MMP mine detector. Purpose, performance characteristics, composition, procedure for working with a mine detector.

MMP mine detector. Purpose, performance characteristics, composition, procedure for working with a mine detector.