Presentation on the topic of pollution. Presentation "environmental pollution"

Pollution environment

WATER POLLUTION Settlements. The most well-known source of water pollution, which has traditionally been the focus of attention, is domestic wastewater. Soap, synthetic washing powders, disinfectants, bleaches and other household chemicals are present in dissolved form in wastewater. Paper waste comes from residential buildings, including toilet paper and baby diapers, vegetable and animal waste. Rain and melt water flows from the streets into sewers, often with sand or salt used to accelerate the melting of snow and ice on the roadway and sidewalks.

Industry. In industrialized countries, industry is the main consumer of water and the largest source of wastewater. Industrial effluents into rivers are 3 times higher than domestic ones. Due to the growing volume of industrial waste, the ecological balance of many lakes and rivers is disturbed, although most of the effluent is non-toxic and not fatal to humans.

Agriculture. The second main consumer of water is agriculture, which uses it to irrigate fields. The water flowing from them is saturated with salt solutions and soil particles, as well as chemical residues that contribute to increased yields. These include insecticides; fungicides that are sprayed over orchards and crops; herbicides, a famous weed control; and other pesticides, as well as organic and inorganic fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other chemical elements.

Soil pollution Residential buildings and public utilities. The composition of pollutants in this source category is dominated by household waste, food waste, construction garbage etc. All this is collected and taken to landfills. Burning garbage in city dumps is accompanied by the release of toxic substances that settle on the soil surface and are difficult to wash off with rain.

Agriculture Soil pollution in agriculture occurs as a result of the introduction of huge amounts of mineral fertilizers and pesticides. Some pesticides are known to contain mercury. The desire of a person to take more and more from the soil leads to the irrational use of land, and often to the complete disappearance of their fertility. Excessive application of mineral fertilizers to the soil and chemicals protection of plants from weeds and pests leads to its pollution. Heavy metals (for example, mercury) and radioactive substances emitted by some industrial enterprises accumulate in the soil. From the soil, these toxic substances enter living organisms, which can cause their irreversible changes.

Air pollution The main cause of air pollution is the ingress of uncharacteristic physical, chemical and biological substances into it, as well as changes in their natural concentration. This happens as a result of both natural processes and human activities. Moreover, it is people who play an increasing role in air pollution. The cause of a large part of chemical and physical pollution is the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels in the production of electrical energy and during the operation of vehicle engines.

One of the most toxic gases released into the atmosphere as a result of human activity is ozone. Poisonous and lead contained in the exhaust gases of cars. Other hazardous pollutants include carbon monoxide, nitrogen and sulfur oxides, and fine dust. Every year, as a result of human industrial activity (in the generation of electricity, cement production, iron smelting, etc.), 170 million tons of dust enter the atmosphere.

The presentation was made by a student of the 11th grade Victoria Gushchina Checked by the teacher of technology Kalmykova T.S.

"Ocean pollution" - Construction of treatment facilities at enterprises. Pollution of the oceans. Adult fish are forced to escape from the disaster area. Measures to protect the oceans from pollution. The topic of our study is "Pollution of the World Ocean". We were looking for answers to the questions: How does the pollution of the oceans occur?

"Air pollution by enterprises" - List of used sources: Pz-1=3.93; pz-2=3.83; pz-5=3.72; pz-6=31.7; pz-7=2.64; pz-8=28.35. The Saratov Oil Refinery is an active supplier of pollutants into the atmosphere. Stage 2 Pollution dynamics atmospheric air Saratov on the main and specific ingredients.

"Pollution Problems" - acid rain. Modern man cannot do without chemistry. Greenhouse effect. nitrogen oxides. The priority in the development of maximum permissible concentrations in the air belongs to the USSR. The protection of nature is the task of our century, a problem that has become a social one. Fluorine compounds. Pesticides. The problem of controlling the emission of pollutants into the atmosphere by industrial enterprises (MPC).

"Water pollution in reservoirs" - Sources of pollution. Before cleaning. N. Starshina. Each ton of oil creates an oil film on an area of ​​up to 12 square meters. km. Death of plants and animals. Uncontrolled development of algae. Waterlogging of the area. Let's save our souls together. Then we ourselves will be preserved on earth! .. A month after cleaning.

"Pollution in ecology" - Thermal pollution. radioactive contamination. Acids. Water problem. Fossil fuel. Nitrogen oxides (NOx). When a liter of fuel is burned, 200-400 mg of lead enters the air. Ecology. Protecting nature is the moral duty of everyone! Depletion and extinction of species. Automobile danger. Nature is our home.

The effect of nitrogen oxides on humans. Production process of dust emission, mln.T./Year. The greatest irritation is caused by noise in the frequency range of 3000-5000 Hz. The effect of noise on humans. Noise is one of the air pollution harmful to humans. Question history. Air pollution. The average size aerosol particles is 11-51 microns.

Research work

on the topic

"Environmental pollution"

“2017 is the year of ecology in Russia.

2017 is the year of entrepreneurship in the Ulyanovsk region.

Relevance

Modern experts reveal a depressing environmental situation, which is deteriorating every day. Global problem and the task of people is to save nature. We want to see our village clean so that people think about the impending threat and change their attitude to what is happening.

Purpose: to provide relevant information to encourage calls for conservation. To study the causes of environmental pollution.

Tasks:

-Create a healthy, environmentally friendly, safe and socially comfortable living environment.

The impact of an agricultural enterprise on the environment, the quality of life and health of the population of the village of Baklushi.

Hypothesis

• There are changes in the environment that threaten all life on earth. Purely not where they sweep, but where they do not litter! There are problems in ecological culture population.

Research methods

• Study of the ecological situation in the world;
• questioning;
• Study of the environment of the village of Baklushi, KFH "Garaev";
• analysis of the results

Technological map of the excursion

Excursion topic" Environmental pollution" Duration (hour) ___ 3 hours______________________________ Length (km) _____3 km___________________ Author-developer Sidorov A S.___________ Tour content:_The causes of environmental pollution by agricultural enterprises and household waste, how to save the world from ecological disaster. -- Tour itinerary: _ With. Baklushi, KFH "Garaev", a modernized cowshed including route options (summer, winter) ____winter _________

Route segments

Stopovers

s.Baklushi, peasant farm "Garaev", village administration.

Stops, abandoned houses.

Display object

Duration

Modernized barn

Main content of information

Organization guidelines

Causes of environmental pollution

Application of Observations in Ecological Research

BURNKI ON A WALK!

Cows on a walk

In a modernized barn, after milking, milk automatically flows through the pipes through the intake system and is collected in a container (it is also a refrigerator)

Fence system

Fridge

After milking, the milking machines are washed and dried. Water is automatically supplied for animals to drink. Installed automatic drinkers.

Processed milking clusters

There is a grinder (separator) for feed. It is mounted on a tractor that distributes feed.

Manure cleaning is carried out 2 times a day.

The barn is heated.

Excursion around the village of Baklushi.

Stops where people usually litter.

Visiting the Baklushinsky village administration.

Head Khanbekov K.A. warmly welcomed us

• Grow flower seedlings for flower beds;
• Take part in cleaning the area around their homes;
• Use household waste to make crafts;
• Do not leave garbage in places of rest;
• Take part in activities together with adults to clean up abandoned houses, cemeteries;
• To be true friends of nature not in words, but in deeds.

• The results of my research have shown that a person and his activities have a negative impact on the environment, and therefore on a person. Each of us must remember this and provide all possible daily assistance to prevent an environmental catastrophe. People, take care the world, save it not only for yourself, but also for posterity!

Conclusions of the survey:

Questions

1. Do you know the farm of the peasant farm "Garaev"?

2. Do you think that the farm "Garayev" is harmful to the environment?

3. Do you think that our village is ecologically clean?

Don't know

4. Do you consider yourself a protector of nature?

5. Do you know the rules of behavior in nature?

6. Are you interested in knowledge about ecology?

7. Are you ready to take part with your friends in improving the ecological situation in our village?

We will be glad if our project will be useful to you.

Thanks

Pollution and environmental protection.

Geography.

Purpose: To consider anthropogenic pollution of the environment: causes and consequences; environmental pollution.

Tasks: To show the main sources of pollution of the soil cover, hydrosphere, atmosphere. Consider three main ways to solve environmental problems. To bring to the attention of students that the solution of environmental problems can be carried out through the creation of a network of protected areas and proper environmental activities and environmental policies.

Environmental pollution

• An undesirable change in the environment as a result of anthropogenic intake of various substances and compounds that have a harmful effect on the lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, vegetation and animal world, on buildings and materials, on the person himself.

Environmental pollution

• Quantitative-

• Quality-

the return of substances and compounds that occur in nature in a natural state, but in much smaller quantities

admission unknown to nature substances and compounds created primarily by the organic synthesis industry

Pollution problems

Sources of pollution

Air pollution

Consequences of pollution

Hydrosphere pollution

Ways to solve the problem

Pollution of the lithosphere

Air pollution.

Sources

natural

Aerosols and

Industry

Pollution

atmosphere

Transport

Countries are leaders in carbon emissions into the Earth's atmosphere.

Emission, mln t

Share in global emissions,%

Emission per capita, t

radioactive

waste

Pollution

hydrosphere

Wastewater

Oil

Annual volume of wastewater discharge. (km/year)

Municipal discharges

North Africa

Industrial waste water

North America

Agricultural waste water

South America

Construction

rural

economy

Industry

Pollution

lithosphere

Accumulation

household

garbage

Measures to combat air pollution.

• Reduction of harmful emissions.
• Introduction of new technologies, use of solar, wind, water energy.
• Ban on the use of sulphurous coal and oil.
• Ban on the use of aerosols and freons.

Measures to combat pollution of the lithosphere.

• Reducing the material consumption of production.
• Waste recycling.
• Land reclamation.

Methods to combat pollution of the hydrosphere.

• Use of new cleaning methods.
• Circulating water supply systems.
• Low-waste and non-waste technologies.
• The use of serviceable equipment for the transportation of petroleum products.

Introduction: The natural environment serves as a condition and means of human life, the territory on which he lives, the spatial limit of the exercised state power, a place for placing industrial, agricultural and other cultural and community facilities. Man influences natural environment of their habitat, not only consuming its resources, but also changing the natural environment, adapting it to solve their practical, economic problems. Because of this, human activity has a significant impact on the environment, subjecting it to changes, which then affect the person himself.

Pollution. Environmental pollution is divided into several types: 1. Dust. 2.Gas. 3. Chemical (including soil pollution with chemicals). 4. Aromatic. 5.thermal (temperature change). 6. And many others. source of environmental pollution natural environment speaks economic activity human (industry, agriculture, transport).

Of all types of pollution, the main ones can be distinguished: MAIN TYPES OF POLLUTION Physical (thermal, noise, electromagnetic, light, radioactive) Chemical (heavy metals, pesticides, plastics, etc.) chemical substances) Biological (biogenic, microbiological, genetic) Informational (information noise, false information, anxiety factors

The atmosphere (air environment), hydrosphere ( water environment) and the lithosphere (solid surface) of the Earth.

Environmental pollution. The main sources of pollution. Major harmful substances Atmosphere Industry Transport Thermal power plants Oxides of carbon, sulfur, nitrogen Organic compounds Industrial dust. Hydrosphere Wastewater Oil leaks Road transport Heavy metals Oil Petroleum products Lithosphere Industrial waste and Agriculture Excessive use of fertilizers Plastics Rubber Heavy metals

exhaustion natural resources: The development of minerals to the point of unprofitability of further development. Exceeding the rate and volume of production over the ability of natural renewal of renewable resources. These are deforestation, overfishing, overgrazing and destruction of pastures, non-compliance with agrotechnical measures in tillage and depletion of their fertility, pollution of watercourses and reservoirs. industrial waste so that it is practically impossible to use them, air pollution in large cities, etc. I. p. happens naturally. For example, the rapid reproduction of the muskrat in some areas led to the extermination of its food and the death of the animal; reproduction of the mink leads to the disappearance of some fish species of its food, etc. With the development and progress of society, the use of natural resources is increasing, so the problem of preventing this process arises.

Nature protection This form is a reaction to destructive human activities in the environment. Unlike consumption, this is a conscious form of social and state activity aimed at the conservation and reproduction of natural resources. As a secondary form of interaction between society and nature, nature conservation arises and improves as consumption and use of the natural environment grows. Protection appears and is improved where there is a threat of destruction of the natural environment, where the consumption of nature arises and develops.

Rational use of natural resources: In the middle of the XX century. (5060s) problem rational use natural resources as a form of nature protection develops into protection, health improvement human environment environment. Unlike previous forms, where the direct object of protection was natural objects and their resources, here the protection of the natural environment puts forward as a direct object of protection a person, his life, his health, his genetic future.

Necessary: ​​Purification of harmful emissions (for example, using filters). Use of treatment facilities. Elimination of the very causes of pollution, which requires the development of low-waste, and in the future, waste-free production technologies that would allow the integrated use of raw materials and utilize the maximum of substances harmful to the biosphere. Introduction to educational institutions environmental education that builds respect for nature.

Conclusion: As a result, we can say that the problem of protecting the natural environment in all its three forms of conservative, rational use of natural resources and improving the human environment from a regional one is gradually turning into a national and then an international problem, the solution of which depends on the joint efforts of the entire international communities. For a global solution to the problem, it is necessary to ensure the interaction of international environmental protection, related to the implementation of international obligations and agreements, and national and regional nature protection. Pollution of the natural environment with waste harmful to humans, depletion of natural resources and the threat of destruction of ecological ties in nature are steadily leading to a global crisis.