UNICEF ) - international organization operating under the auspices of the United Nations.

United Nations Children's Fund United Nations Children's Fund Fonds des Nations unies pour l "enfance
Headquarters	New York
Leaders
CEO	Henrietta H. Fauré
Base
Foundation date
Parent organization	United Nations General Assembly
Awards
unicef.org ​ (English) ​ (French) ​ (Spanish) ​ (Ar) ​ (Chinese)
Media files at Wikimedia Commons

Story

A fund called the United Nations Children's Emergency Fund. United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund) was established on December 11, 1946 by decision of the UN General Assembly as a temporary auxiliary organization to provide assistance to children, including victims of aggression. L. Reichman was the first to head it. In 1953, the UN made the organization permanent and expanded the range of its activities, and the fund received its current name, while retaining the original abbreviation UNICEF.

Under the auspices of UNICEF, the Year of the Child program was held in 1989.

Activity

The UN Children's Fund does not separate mother and child care. The main objectives of the UN Children's Fund until 2010:

• reduction in mortality of children under 5 years of age by 1/3;
• a 50% reduction in maternal mortality;
• provide primary education to 80% of children.

More than 180 Goodwill Ambassadors help UNICEF achieve these and other goals.

main organ UNICEF - Executive Board, which is elected by the UN Economic and Social Council for a period of 3 years. The Executive Council holds annual sessions. The day-to-day activities of the foundation are managed by a secretariat and an executive director. Since May 1, 2010, this post has been occupied by the American Anthony Lake.

Financing

The Fund's main sources of funds are annual voluntary contributions from governments, which provide two-thirds of the proceeds. Russia's annual voluntary contribution since 2006 has been US$1 million.

The UNICEF emblem has been featured on FC Barcelona jerseys, but by no means as a sponsor emblem. The Catalan club annually pays 1.5 million euros from its own budget to the fund to help children.

UNICEF in Russia

UNICEF implements its programs in 157 countries of the world, including Russia. The representative office of the foundation in Moscow was opened in 1997, the programs "Protection of children", "Health and development of youth", "Development in early age”, “Child Friendly Cities”. There is also a UNICEF program in the North Caucasus, the office is located in the city of Vladikavkaz.

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation gave the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) until the end of December 2012 to complete all projects in Russia, in connection with the formation of the Russian Federation as an equal partner of the fund.

Criticism

UNICEF has been criticized for focusing on specific policies. In 2004, the editors of The Lancet stated that the foundation's policy on children's welfare, based on

The need to develop measures to protect the rights of the child, due to his physical and mental immaturity, required the allocation of international protection of children's rights in a special direction. To this end, the United Nations created the Social Commission and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF). In addition, specialized UN agencies are engaged in the protection of children's rights in certain areas: the International Labor Organization (ILO), World Organization Health (WHO), United Nations Scientific, Cultural and Educational Organization (UNESCO).

After the end of the Second World War, in order to overcome its severe consequences, by unanimous decision General Assembly On December 11, 1946, the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF - UNICEF) was created. Its original purpose was to help the destitute juvenile victims of war in Europe.

Thus, UNICEF acted as an organization that began to deal exclusively with children's problems. It was organized and used within the means at its disposal, and governments receiving UNICEF assistance were required to distribute this assistance according to need and without discrimination based on race, religion, nationality or political opinion. According to the resolution, UNICEF's governing body, the Executive Board, was established. The Executive Council was recruited by ECOSOC from candidates provided by UN member states. The resolution named 25 members of the Executive Council: representatives of the USA, USSR, Australia, Brazil, Great Britain, Canada, China, France, Poland, Sweden, Yugoslavia. The Executive Director was appointed by the UN Secretary-General in consultation with the Executive Council.

The UNICEF Executive Board held its first meeting on December 19, 1946. In 1953, UNICEF joined the UN system (General Assembly resolution 802(8) of October 6, 1953). The General Assembly renamed it the United Nations Children's Fund (retaining the well-known abbreviation UNICEF in the name).

The powers of UNICEF were expanded: it was granted the right of long-term assistance to children who suffered deprivation as a result of the current economic and political situation in their countries, as well as during armed conflicts. The main function of UNICEF is to help the governments of developing countries in the form of supplies of equipment for schools, food, medicines, and scholarships for teachers. The Fund pays special attention to children in developing countries suffering from malnutrition, disease and illiteracy. In 1965 UNICEF was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.

The UNICEF Executive Board, which consists of 36 members, determines the main directions of activity, analyzes programs and approves the budgets of the Fund. The UNICEF Secretariat, headquartered in New York, conducts its work through its bureaus (more than 200) located in more than 140 countries (including Belarus). UNICEF operates the International Center for Child Development. It was established in 1988 as a specialized research and teaching institution with basic financial support from the Italian government.

International protection of the rights of the child within the framework of UNICEF is carried out in several directions: 1) the development of declarations, resolutions, conventions in order to prepare international standards in the field of the rights of the child; 2) creation of a special control body for the protection of the rights of the child; 3) assistance in bringing national legislation in line with international obligations (implementation activities); 4) provision of international assistance through the UN Children's Fund. In addition, UNICEF is working to provide humanitarian assistance to children and women - internally displaced persons and local residents in the North Caucasus.

The most effective is UNICEF's standard-setting activity to protect the rights of the child. Initially, it is carried out in two directions:

1) fixing the rights of the child in general declarations and conventions on human rights or in international agreements regulating the rights of individual social groups those closely related to the child (women's rights) or in a certain area of ​​relations (in the field of family, labor law, education);

2) development of declarations and conventions specifically regulating the rights of the child.

Regional branch UNICEF for countries of Central and of Eastern Europe, Commonwealth Independent States and the Baltic States has been carrying out its program activities in the region since 1990, when the Executive Board of the Children's Fund first approved appropriations for program support for the countries included in this block. UNICEF's mandate and activities in these countries were driven by the challenges that resulted from the sharp decline in living standards resulting from the political, social and economic changes of the so-called transition period which began in the late 80s-90s.

The following actual circumstances were recognized as the main factors that, from the point of view of UNICEF, determined the main direction of its policy in this region:

- reduction or complete abolition of the system of social services for families, including the system of preschool institutions;

- limited funding by the state of the health care system, and medical institutions in particular;

– reduction of employment of women and youth in all spheres of production;

- loss of moral and legal guidelines in society and, as a result, an increase in juvenile delinquency, the spread of alcoholism, drug addiction and prostitution

The mission of UNICEF in the countries of the region to which Belarus belongs is as follows: UNICEF has a special mission to assist governments in fulfilling their obligations to implement the provisions of the Convention and to ensure that the necessary actions are taken to ensure that the fundamental principles of the Convention are the best interests of the child, non-discrimination, participation, survival and development were given as much attention as necessary to protect the interests of children.

The representative office of the UNICEF regional bureau officially announced the start of its activities in the Republic of Belarus in March 1997. However, in fact, the activities of the UN Children's Fund in the country have been carried out since the end of 1994, when, on the joint initiative of the fund and the Government of the Republic of Belarus, an analysis of the situation of women and children in Republic, which resulted in the published National Report "Children and Women of Belarus: Today and Tomorrow".

During 1995–1997 The UN Children's Fund closely cooperated with the ministries of education, health and social protection, as well as such well-known in the republic public organizations such as the Belarusian Children's Fund, the Christian Children's Fund, the Belarusian Committee "Children of Chernobyl", the Belarusian Children's Hospice, the Belarusian Association of Parents of Disabled Children.

With the assistance and direct participation of these organizations, UNICEF provided humanitarian assistance in the form of the supply of medical equipment, vaccines and medicines to maternity hospitals and children's hospitals, special equipment for children with disabilities, clothing, educational materials and sports equipment, educational supplies and other necessary funds material support for boarding schools located in the Chernobyl zone.

The legal basis for the official activities of UNICEF in Belarus is the Agreement signed in May 1992 on the establishment of an Interim UN Office in Minsk, the provisions of which apply to the Representative Office of the Children's Fund. The draft Agreement on cooperation between the UN Children's Fund and the Government of the republic, actually agreed upon by the parties, will most likely be signed only at the beginning of next year.

Since October 1997, the activities of the Representative Office in Belarus have been focused on the implementation of projects developed jointly with state and non-governmental structures within the framework of three main programs: "Children of Chernobyl", "Dissemination of knowledge about the rights of the child" and "Health and development of youth".

The program "Children of Chernobyl" is implemented with the active participation of the republican public organization Belarusian Committee "Children of Chernobyl" and provides for a set of measures to improve the health of children living in the zone of radiation contamination, the socio-psychological and pedagogical rehabilitation of these children and their families, the cultivation of environmentally friendly products on infected territories.

Within the framework of the program "Dissemination of knowledge about the rights of the child" the professional initiative activity of employees is supported National Institute education to improve the methods of teaching a special course on the rights of the child in educational institutions of various levels and the provision of advisory pedagogical, psychological and other methodological assistance.

The third program, Youth Health and Development, aims to protect children and adolescents from the many risk factors they face both in the family and in transitional societies. The program includes such projects as "Healthy lifestyle and AIDS prevention", "Protection of the reproductive health of young people", "Work with children and adolescents in youth clubs and associations", the creation of information and coordination centers and "Internet cafes". Particular emphasis within the framework of this program was placed on the implementation of the project "Children in foster families". The main activity in the project is focused on improving the methods of behavioral adaptation of foster parents and children in family-type orphanages, on developing the activities of teachers and other professionals working in orphanages, and preparing children and adolescents for independent life in society.

Supporting the social policy of the state to prevent and prevent family problems, the problems of abandoned children and orphans, the UNICEF Office in 1998 took certain measures to implement the program "Children in Need of Special Protection". The program supports the initiative of the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Belarus to develop a concept for the reorganization of boarding schools and to create models of new, alternative forms of placement for children left without parental care.

However, there are still many unresolved problems related to the accepted international legal obligations. For example, to date, the necessary decisions have not been made in the republic and appropriate measures have not been taken to develop a theoretical and practical basis for the creation of juvenile courts (creation of juvenile justice). Therefore, the issues of the rights of a child in need of special protection measures, and the creation of a comprehensive system for the prevention and prevention of juvenile delinquency, state structures, civil society institutions should recognize the most important social problem requiring urgent measures.

At the same time, with the participation and under the leadership of the UNICEF office in our republic, various initiatives and projects at local levels are being implemented today that help protect and protect the rights of children.

So, for example, 20.01. 2012 Minsk has joined the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) Global Initiative "Child Friendly City".

UN/UNDP Representative in Belarus Antonius Broek, who was present at the ceremony, expressed his gratitude to Minsk for supporting the UNICEF global initiative “Child Friendly City”. He stressed that UNDP fully supports national efforts to improve the quality of life of the younger generation.

Currently, 12 Belarusian cities are participants in the UNICEF initiative. These are Borisov, Dobrush, Pinsk, Pruzhany, Svetlogorsk, Grodno, Brest, Gomel, Novopolotsk, Shklov, Lida and Minsk.

In Belarus, the coordinator of the UNICEF initiative “Child Friendly City” is national center artistic creativity of children and youth. The implementation of the project is aimed at improving the coordination and interagency cooperation at the national and local levels for children; formation of the local budget with a fuller consideration of the needs of children; development and implementation of a system of independent monitoring of the situation and observance of the rights of children in the city. Special attention is given to strengthening the capacity of local executive and administrative authorities, the media. Emphasis is placed on improving the forms and methods of participation of children and youth in the development of policies and decision-making affecting their interests.

The UNICEF Child Friendly City (CFC) initiative is a tool that helps reduce the negative impact of the urban environment on a child's life by making the most of the opportunities and benefits it provides. Participation in the initiative contributes to the fulfillment at the city level of the obligations assumed by the country when signing the Convention on the Rights of the Child.

The International Secretariat of Child Friendly Cities was established in 2000 in Italy on the basis of the Innocenti Institute, which is also research center UNICEF. The Secretariat contributes to strengthening the potential of cities developing in the interests of children through research, exchange of experience and information, cooperation with authorities, public organizations, youth movements.

Per last decade The concept of a child-friendly city has been applied in many countries around the world, including France, Spain, Italy, Holland, Sweden, Brazil, Russia, Poland, Ukraine and Lithuania. Today London, Paris, Munich, Buenos Aires, Moscow, Vilnius and many other cities participate in this honorable initiative.

"Child Friendly City" is not a model of an ideal city, nor is it a title given to progress made. Participation in this initiative means a constant desire to take care of children and not stop there. The GDD provides an opportunity to develop a program to help the city become more child-friendly in all aspects of governance, infrastructure and services.

The "highlight" of this initiative, which radically distinguishes it from other social programs and initiatives, is the mandatory participation of children and youth in decision-making processes that affect their interests. Children and teenagers themselves think about what needs to be done to improve their yard, school, area where they live, so that their city becomes friendly to children, and with the assistance of adults, they carry out their projects. Through school government, youth councils and parliaments under local authorities Legislative and executive power, children get the opportunity to participate in society and influence decisions.

Attachment 1

UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS (1948)

Article 1

All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards each other in a spirit of brotherhood.

Article 2

Everyone shall have all the rights and all freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, whether as regards race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, class or other status.

Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, legal or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether that territory is independent, trust, non-self-governing or otherwise limited in its sovereignty.

Article 3

Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person.

Article 4

No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade are prohibited in all their forms.

Article 5

No one shall be subjected to torture or cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.

Article 6

Every person, wherever he is, has the right to recognition of his legal personality.

Article 7

All people are equal before the law and are entitled, without distinction, to the equal protection of the law. All human beings are entitled to equal protection against any form of discrimination in violation of this Declaration and against any incitement to such discrimination.

Article 8

Everyone has the right to an effective remedy by competent national courts in cases of infringement of his fundamental rights granted to him by the constitution or by law.

Article 9

No one may be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile.

Article 10

Every person, in order to determine his rights and obligations and to establish the validity of the criminal charge brought against him, has the right, on the basis of full equality, to have his case heard publicly and with all the requirements of fairness by an independent and impartial court.

Article 11

1. Every person accused of a crime has the right to be presumed innocent until his guilt is established by law and publicly. judicial trial, in which he is provided with all the possibilities for protection.

2. No one may be convicted of a crime on account of any act or omission which, at the time it was committed, did not constitute a crime under national or international law. Nor shall a heavier penalty be imposed than that which could have been applied at the time the crime was committed.

Article 12

No one may be subjected to arbitrary interference with his privacy and family life, arbitrary attacks on the inviolability of his home, the secrecy of his correspondence or on his honor and reputation. Everyone has the right to the protection of the law against such interference or attacks.

Article 13

1. Everyone has the right to move freely and choose their own

domicile within each state.

2. Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to return to his country.

Article 14

1. Everyone has the right to seek and enjoy asylum from persecution in other countries.

2. This right shall not be invoked in the event of prosecution in fact based on the commission of a non-political crime or an act contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations.

Article 15

1. Everyone has the right to a nationality

2. No one may be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality or the right to change his nationality.

Article 16

1. Men and women who have reached the age of majority have the right, without any restriction on grounds of race, nationality or religion, to marry and found their own family. They enjoy the same rights in relation to entering into marriage, during the state of marriage and at the time of its dissolution.

2. Marriage may be entered into only with the free and full consent of both parties entering into marriage.

3. The family is the natural and basic cell of society and has the right to protection by society and the state.

Article 17

1. Everyone has the right to own property both individually and jointly with others.

2. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his property.

Article 18

Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion; this right includes freedom to change his religion or belief and freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in teaching, worship and observance.

Article 19

Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers.

Article 20

1. Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association.

2. No one may be forced to join any association.

Article 21

1. Everyone has the right to take part in the government of his country

directly or through freely chosen representatives.

2. Everyone has the right of equal access to public service in his country.

3. The will of the people must be the basis of the authority of the government; this will must find expression in periodic and non-false elections, which must be held under universal and equal suffrage by secret ballot or by other equivalent forms ensuring freedom of suffrage.

Article 22

Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security and to the exercise of the economic, social and cultural rights necessary for the maintenance of his dignity and for the free development of his personality through national efforts and international cooperation and in accordance with the structure and resources of each state. .

Article 23

1. Everyone has the right to work, to free choice of employment, to just and favorable conditions of work and to protection from unemployment.

2. Everyone, without any discrimination, has the right to equal pay for equal work.

3. Every worker has the right to a fair and satisfactory remuneration ensuring worthy of a man existence for himself and his family and supplemented, if necessary, by other means of social security.

4. Everyone has the right to form trade unions and join trade unions for the protection of his interests.

Article 24

Everyone has the right to rest and leisure, including the right to a reasonable limitation of the working day and to periodic holidays with pay.

Article 25

1. Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and his family, including food, clothing, housing, medical care and necessary social services, and the right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or other loss of livelihood due to circumstances beyond his control.

2. Motherhood and infancy give the right to special care and assistance. All children, whether born in wedlock or out of wedlock, should enjoy the same social protection.

Article 26

1. Everyone has the right to education. Education should be free, at least as far as primary and general education. Primary education should be compulsory. Technical and professional education must be public, and higher education should be equally accessible to all based on the ability of each.

2. Education should be directed towards the full development of the human personality and towards the enhancement of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. Education should promote understanding, tolerance and friendship among all peoples, racial and religious groups, and should contribute to the peacekeeping activities of the United Nations.

3. Parents have the right of priority in choosing the type of education for their young children.

Article 27

1. Everyone has the right to participate freely in the cultural life of society, to enjoy the arts, to participate in scientific progress and to enjoy its benefits.

2. Everyone has the right to the protection of his moral and material interests, which are the result of scientific, literary or artistic works of which he is the author.

Article 28

Everyone has the right to social and international order in which the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration can be fully realized.

Article 29

1. Every person has duties to society in which alone the free and full development of his personality is possible.

2. In the exercise of his rights and freedoms, everyone shall be subject only to such restrictions as are determined by law solely for the purpose of securing due recognition and respect for the rights and freedoms of others and of meeting the just requirements of morality, public order and the general welfare in a democratic society.

3. The exercise of these rights and freedoms must in no way be contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations.

Article 30

Nothing in this Declaration shall be construed as granting to any State, group or individual the right to engage in any activity or to perform any act aimed at the destruction of the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration.

Appendix 2

DECLARATION OF THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD (1959)

1. The child shall have all the rights set forth in this Declaration. These rights must be recognized for all children, without exception and without distinction or discrimination based on race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or any other circumstance relating to the child or his family. .

2. The child must be provided with special protection, by law or by other means, and provided with opportunities and favorable conditions that would enable him to develop physically, mentally, morally, spiritually and in social relations in a healthy and normal way and in freedom and dignity. In legislating for this purpose, the best interests of the child should be the primary consideration.

3. The child must have the right to a name and citizenship from birth.

4. The child must enjoy the benefits of social security. He should have the right to healthy growth and development, for this purpose special care and protection should be provided to both him and his mother, including prenatal and postnatal care. The child shall have the right to adequate food, housing, entertainment and medical care.

5. A child who is physically, mentally or socially handicapped must be provided with the special treatment, education and care necessary in view of his special condition.

6. For the full and harmonious development of his personality, a child needs love and understanding. He should, whenever possible, grow up in the care and responsibility of his parents, and in any case in an atmosphere of love, moral and material security: a young child should not, except in exceptional circumstances, be separated from his mother. Society and public authorities should be obliged to take special care of children who do not have sufficient means of subsistence. It is desirable that large families provided state or other allowances for the maintenance of children.

7. The child has the right to education, which should be free and compulsory, at least in the initial stages. He must be given an education which will contribute to his general cultural development and by which he may, on the basis of equality of opportunity, develop his abilities and personal judgment, as well as the consciousness of moral and social responsibility, and become a useful member of society.

The best interests of the child should be the guiding principle for those who have responsibility for his education and training; this responsibility rests primarily with his parents.

The child must be provided full opportunity games and entertainment that would be aimed at the goals pursued by education; society and public authorities should make efforts to promote the implementation of this right.

8. The child must under all circumstances be among those who receive protection and assistance first.

9. The child must be protected from all forms of neglect, abuse and exploitation. It must not be traded in any form.

The child shall not be employed before the appropriate minimum age, and in no case shall he be assigned or permitted to work or engage in work or occupation which would be harmful to his health or education or hinder his physical, mental or moral development.

10. The child must be protected from practices that may encourage racial, religious or any other form of discrimination. He must be brought up in the spirit of mutual understanding, tolerance, friendship among peoples, peace and universal brotherhood, and also in the full consciousness that his energy and abilities should be devoted to the service for the benefit of other people.

UNICEF UNICEF IS THE UNITED NATIONS CHILDREN'S FUND. THE MAIN GOAL OF UNICEF IS TO PROTECT THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD AND SUPPORT THE RIGHT OF CHILDREN TO A SAFE, HEALTHY AND HAPPY CHILDHOOD. UNICEF NOW IS WORKING IN MORE THAN 190 COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD. Made by a student of the Voronezh State University Vyaltsev Ruslan

UNICEF is the United Nations Children's Fund. For the first time, the idea of ​​establishing a UN Children's Fund was voiced back in 1940 by Mr. Ludwik Reichman, Poland's representative in the UN administration for relief and reconstruction. This idea came to life on December 11, 1946, when, by decision of the UN General Assembly, UNICEF was created to help children affected by World War II (UNICEF - United Nations International Childrens Emergency Fund). The consequences of the war in Europe were gradually overcome, and some countries considered that the purpose for which UNICEF was created had been achieved. But the UN General Assembly expanded UNICEF's mission to protect the rights of the child and support the right of the world's children to a safe, healthy and happy childhood worldwide. In 1953, the organization became known as the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF). The abbreviation UNICEF was retained, although the letter I dropped from the name, since the international status of the organization logically followed from the mission. The letter E (meaning a state of emergency) also fell out, although today UNICEF around the world provides assistance to children in cases of wars, conflicts, natural and man-made disasters. UNICEF is the United Nations Children's Fund. For the first time, the idea of ​​establishing a UN Children's Fund was voiced back in 1940 by Mr. Ludwik Reichman, Poland's representative in the UN administration for relief and reconstruction. This idea came to life on December 11, 1946, when, by decision of the UN General Assembly, UNICEF was created to help children affected by World War II (UNICEF - United Nations International Childrens Emergency Fund). The consequences of the war in Europe were gradually overcome, and some countries considered that the purpose for which UNICEF was created had been achieved. But the UN General Assembly has expanded UNICEF's mandate to protect the rights of the child and support the right of the world's children to a safe, healthy and happy childhood around the world. In 1953, the organization became known as the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF). The abbreviation UNICEF was retained, although the letter I dropped from the name, since the international status of the organization logically followed from the mission. The letter E (meaning a state of emergency) also fell out, although today UNICEF around the world provides assistance to children in cases of wars, conflicts, natural and man-made disasters.

UNICEF pays special attention to children from disadvantaged and developing countries who find themselves in the most difficult conditions: children with special needs, children, victims of military operations and natural disasters, poverty, cruelty and exploitation. The activities of the UN Children's Fund are apolitical and impartial: priority is given to children from those countries that need support the most. Collaboration with UN partners and humanitarian organizations gives UNICEF a unique opportunity to provide assistance quickly and precisely to those children who need it most in this moment. Through its regional programs, UNICEF also protects the rights of women and girls and fights for their full participation in the political, economic and social life their countries. Together with all its partners, donors and Goodwill Ambassadors, UNICEF works to achieve the values ​​of an equal and just world community, proclaimed in the Charter of the United Nations. Now UNICEF works in more than 190 countries of the world. UNICEF pays special attention to children from disadvantaged and developing countries who find themselves in the most difficult conditions: children with special needs, children, victims of military operations and natural disasters, poverty, cruelty and exploitation. The activities of the UN Children's Fund are apolitical and impartial: priority is given to children from those countries that need support the most. Collaboration with UN partners and humanitarian organizations gives UNICEF a unique opportunity to provide assistance quickly and precisely to those children who need it most at the moment. Through its regional programs, UNICEF also protects the rights of women and girls and fights for them to participate fully in the political, economic and social life of their countries. Together with all its partners, donors and Goodwill Ambassadors, UNICEF works to achieve the values ​​of an equal and just world community, proclaimed in the Charter of the United Nations. Now UNICEF works in more than 190 countries of the world.

Aims of UNICEF The United Nations Children's Fund does not separate mother and child care. The main goals of the UN Children's Fund are: to reduce the mortality of children under 5 by 1/3; a 50% reduction in maternal mortality; provide primary education to 80% of children. Assistance with primary education Reducing maternal and child mortality

UNICEF projects Every year, UNICEF launches charitable projects around the world. Here are some of them: Assistance to victims of the flood in Haiti Assistance in the rehabilitation of children affected by the terrorist act in Beslan humanitarian aid children affected by hostilities in Syria

UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador honorary title of the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund UNICEF. In 1954, American comedian Danny Kay was the first to propose the title of Goodwill Ambassador. Other celebrities act as international, regional, or national ambassadors, depending on their profile, interests, and desired level of responsibility. The aim of the program is to allow celebrities who care about UNICEF issues to use their fame to draw attention to important issues. Such activities can take the form of public initiative and negotiations, visits to troubled areas that attract media attention, and ambassadors using their political powers to defend UNICEF goals. Jessica Lange

By decision of the UN General Assembly as an emergency organization to assist children affected during the Second World War. It was assumed that the fund would be temporary, but in 1953 the UN expanded the range of activities of the organization and extended its term of office for an indefinite period. The Fund received its current name while retaining the original abbreviation UNICEF.

Under the auspices of UNICEF, the Year of the Child program was held in 1989.

The UN Children's Fund does not separate mother and child care. The main objectives of the UN Children's Fund until 2010:

• reduction in mortality of children under 5 years of age by 1/3;
• a 50% reduction in maternal mortality;
• provide primary education to 80% of children.

More than 180 Goodwill Ambassadors help UNICEF achieve these and other goals.

The main body of UNICEF is the Executive Board, which is elected by the UN Economic and Social Council for a period of 3 years. The Executive Council holds annual sessions. The day-to-day activities of the foundation are managed by a secretariat and an executive director. Since May 1, 2010, this post has been occupied by the American Anthony Lake.

The UNICEF emblem was placed on the shirts of FC Barcelona, ​​but not as a sponsor. The Catalan club annually pays 1.5 million euros from its own budget to the fund to help children.

UNICEF in Russia

UNICEF implements its programs in 157 countries of the world, including Russia. The representative office of the foundation in Moscow was opened in 1997, the programs "Child Protection", "Health and Development of Youth", "Early Development", "Child Friendly Cities" are being implemented. There is also a UNICEF program in the North Caucasus, the office is located in the city of Vladikavkaz.

The Russian Foreign Ministry gave the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) until the end of December 2012 to complete all projects in Russia.

Criticism

UNICEF has been criticized for focusing on specific policies. In 2004, the editors of The Lancet stated that the foundation's policy on child welfare, based on the Convention on the Rights of the Child, although consistent with the policy international development leads to less attention to the life and death of children.

In addition, UNICEF has been criticized for financially endorsing China's supposedly coercive "one child" policy through UNFPA (United Nations Population Fund) - an increase in donations from $2 million to $5 million in 1993.

• International Children's Television and Radio Day

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Main organs Membership Specialized institutions Subsidiary Bodies Advisory Bodies Programs and funds Educational and scientific research institutes Other organizations Other trust funds Related Bodies Branches Departments, administrations see also

UN bodies Regional bodies Africa Europe America Asia International Representatives Leading NGOs

An excerpt characterizing UNICEF

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“At the wheel.
The hussar took the cup.
“It’s probably light soon,” he said, yawning, and went somewhere.
Petya should have known that he was in the forest, in the party of Denisov, a verst from the road, that he was sitting on a wagon recaptured from the French, near which horses were tied, that the Cossack Likhachev was sitting under him and sharpening his saber, that a large black spot to the right - a guardhouse, and a bright red spot below to the left - a dying fire, that the man who came for a cup was a hussar who wanted to drink; but he knew nothing and did not want to know it. He was in a magical realm, in which there was nothing like reality. A big black spot, maybe it was definitely a guardhouse, or maybe there was a cave that led into the very depths of the earth. The red spot may have been fire, or perhaps the eye of a huge monster. Maybe he’s definitely sitting on a wagon now, but it’s very possible that he’s not sitting on a wagon, but on a terribly high tower, from which if you fall, you would fly to the ground all day, a whole month - all fly and you will never reach . It may be that just the Cossack Likhachev is sitting under the wagon, but it may very well be that this is the kindest, bravest, most wonderful, most excellent person in the world, whom no one knows. Perhaps it was the hussar who was exactly passing for water and went into the hollow, or perhaps he had just disappeared from sight and completely disappeared, and he was not there.
Whatever Petya saw now, nothing would surprise him. He was in a magical realm where anything was possible.
He looked up at the sky. And the sky was as magical as the earth. The sky was clearing, and over the tops of the trees clouds quickly ran, as if revealing the stars. Sometimes it seemed that the sky was clearing and showed a black, clear sky. Sometimes it seemed that these black spots were clouds. Sometimes it seemed that the sky was high, high above the head; sometimes the sky descended completely, so that you could reach it with your hand.
Petya began to close his eyes and sway.
Drops dripped. There was a quiet conversation. The horses neighed and fought. Someone snored.
“Fire, burn, burn, burn…” whistled the saber being sharpened. And suddenly Petya heard a harmonious chorus of music playing some unknown, solemnly sweet hymn. Petya was musical, just like Natasha, and more than Nikolai, but he never studied music, did not think about music, and therefore the motives that suddenly came to his mind were especially new and attractive to him. The music played louder and louder. The tune grew, passed from one instrument to another. There was what is called a fugue, although Petya had no idea what a fugue was. Each instrument, now resembling a violin, now like trumpets - but better and cleaner than violins and trumpets - each instrument played its own and, without finishing the motive, merged with another, which began almost the same, and with the third, and with the fourth , and they all merged into one and again scattered, and again merged first into a solemn church, then into a brightly shining and victorious one.
“Oh, yes, it’s me in a dream,” Petya said to himself, swaying forward. - It's in my ears. Or maybe it's my music. Well, again. Go ahead my music! Well!.."
He closed his eyes. And with different sides, as if from afar, the sounds began to tremble, they began to harmonize, scatter, merge, and again everything united into the same sweet and solemn hymn. “Ah, what a delight it is! As much as I want and how I want,” Petya said to himself. He tried to lead this huge chorus of instruments.
“Well, hush, hush, freeze now. And the sounds obeyed him. - Well, now it's fuller, more fun. More, even happier. - And from an unknown depth rose increasing, solemn sounds. “Well, voices, pester!” Petya ordered. And first, men's voices were heard from afar, then women's. The voices grew, grew in a steady solemn effort. Petya was terrified and joyful to listen to their extraordinary beauty.
A song merged with the solemn victory march, and drops dripped, and burned, burned, burned ... a saber whistled, and again the horses fought and neighed, not breaking the chorus, but entering it.
Petya did not know how long this went on: he enjoyed himself, was constantly surprised at his own pleasure and regretted that there was no one to tell him. Likhachev's gentle voice woke him up.
- Done, your honor, spread the guard in two.
Petya woke up.
- It's getting light, really, it's getting light! he cried.
Previously invisible horses became visible up to their tails, and a watery light was visible through the bare branches. Petya shook himself, jumped up, took out a ruble bill from his pocket and gave it to Likhachev, waved it, tried the saber and put it in its sheath. The Cossacks untie the horses and tighten the girths.
“Here is the commander,” said Likhachev. Denisov came out of the guardroom and, calling to Petya, ordered to get ready.

Quickly in the semi-darkness, they dismantled the horses, tightened the girths and sorted out the teams. Denisov stood at the guardhouse, giving his last orders. The infantry of the party, slapping a hundred feet, advanced along the road and quickly disappeared between the trees in the predawn fog. Esaul ordered something to the Cossacks. Petya kept his horse in line, impatiently waiting for the order to mount. Washed with cold water, his face, especially his eyes, burned with fire, chills ran down his back, and something in his whole body trembled quickly and evenly.
- Well, are you all ready? Denisov said. - Come on horses.
The horses were given. Denisov was angry with the Cossack because the girths were weak, and, having scolded him, sat down. Petya took up the stirrup. The horse, out of habit, wanted to bite his leg, but Petya, not feeling his weight, quickly jumped into the saddle and, looking back at the hussars moving behind in the darkness, rode up to Denisov.

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The meaning of the word unicef

Wikipedia

UNICEF

United Nations Children's Fund(; abbr.: official;) is an international organization operating under the auspices of the United Nations.

Foundation under the name United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund was established on December 11, 1946 by decision of the UN General Assembly as an emergency organization to help children who suffered during the Second World War. It was assumed that the fund would be temporary, but in 1953 the UN expanded the range of activities of the organization and extended its term of office for an indefinite period. The Fund received its current name while retaining the original abbreviation.

In 1965, the United Nations Children's Fund received Nobel Prize peace.

Under the auspices of UNICEF, the Year of the Child program was held in 1989.

The UN Children's Fund does not separate mother and child care. The main objectives of the UN Children's Fund until 2010:

• reduction in mortality of children under 5 years of age by 1/3;
• a 50% reduction in maternal mortality;
• provide primary education to 80% of children.

More than 180 Goodwill Ambassadors help UNICEF achieve these and other goals.

The main body of UNICEF is the Executive Board, which is elected by the UN Economic and Social Council for a period of 3 years. The Executive Council holds annual sessions. The day-to-day activities of the foundation are managed by a secretariat and an executive director. Since May 1, 2010, this post has been occupied by the American Anthony Lake.

The UNICEF emblem was placed on the shirts of FC Barcelona, ​​but not as a sponsor. The Catalan club annually pays 1.5 million euros from its own budget to the fund to help children.