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The number of victims of the most powerful hurricane continues to grow. Material losses are calculated. There is a debriefing in direct and figuratively. Why did such a horror happen? And why did this take so many by surprise? What should be the conclusions? As always, the main questions are: who is to blame and what to do? About this "Pravda.Ru" told Evgeny Tishkovets, Leading Specialist of the Phobos Weather Center.
The forecaster said that "the cyclone reached a speed of 40 km / h, the hurricane was caused by the intrusion of Atlantic air, which was so saturated with heat and moisture that there were so-called masked rain clouds. They are difficult to detect on radars and on synoptic maps." Yevgeny Tishkovets believes that the Ministry of Emergency Situations and the Hydrometeorological Center should have notified Muscovites and residents of the Moscow region in advance about the impending hurricane.
This was not done for unknown reasons. As a result, residents, unaware of the extent of the threat, roamed the streets nonchalantly. What is the reason for the obvious miscalculation in the work of the Ministry of Emergency Situations and the Hydrometeorological Center? Outdated monitoring equipment atmospheric phenomena? Or is it due to the human factor? How does the United States, where typhoons and tornadoes often occur, deal with an impending hurricane?
- Evgeny Alexandrovich, what was it all about? Why did a hurricane of such magnitude hit so suddenly?
— Similar hurricane winds in May there were no instrumental meteorological observations in the history. The hurricane reached a speed of 30 meters per second, poured up to 60 percent of the monthly rainfall. As for precipitation, the issue is debatable, but such a hurricane has definitely never happened in May.
The reason is that the rarest combination of different factors was observed in the atmosphere - the point of occlusions - when three atmospheric front: front of occlusion, warm and cold fronts. If this closure occurs during the period of maximum air heating, that is, the greatest convection, then explosive heat kinesis occurs, which forms the most powerful thunderclouds.
This happens literally in a matter of hours. Their top is upper edge cloudiness - goes into the stratosphere. In this hurricane, we observed the upper edge of the size of twelve thousand meters. In general, such clouds are rare for May. Normal storm cloud has the energy of three atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima, this is a colossal energy.
Such clouds are always accompanied by powerful showers. At the same time, the speed of the wind increases, which goes ahead like a skating rink before each thundercloud. Therefore, there are sharp shifts in the wind, amplification of its squally performance up to ten meters per second. Such a wind on the Beaufort scale is estimated at 11 points. For each square meter, the capacity reaches 80-100 kilograms.
What is the role of satellites in observation and monitoring of such atmospheric phenomena? Is it possible to make sure that the alarm signal is quickly transmitted from satellites to the relevant departments - the Ministry of Emergency Situations, the Hydrometeorological Center, and they also quickly inform the population about this?
- As for satellites, this is the Achilles' heel of domestic meteorology. AT recent times there were only isolated cases of launching meteorological satellites, but they were always funded on a residual basis. They always fail in some way. They patrol the sky for a couple of years, and then for some reason it fails. By and large, we do not have a full-fledged space group that continuously monitors dangerous phenomena in real time throughout the country. We mainly use satellites of foreign states.
As for this case, the satellites did not play a special role here, because the eyes and ears of any weather forecaster are meteorological and radar stations, where the beginning hurricane can be seen already a day in advance. Yes, quite strong storm winds were expected, but nothing even suggested that they would reach such hurricane values in a day.
On that day, somewhere around eleven o'clock in the morning, much was already clear. At least, such a picture was traced on meteorological locators and on synoptic maps. When the wind gusts already exceeded four meters per second, it was possible to understand that the weather would only get worse. There were still a few hours left, which would have been enough to warn people.
I won't deny that it was just a glitch. We have a storm warning system, more precisely, bringing storm information to every citizen, is practically absent. There are some single SMS messages from two mobile operators. I personally did not receive anything, although I already understood that a real Armageddon was coming.
Why there is no intelligent warning system, I do not know. Either this is cost savings, or some legislative problems. Although such an effective system operates in all advanced countries. Even about tornadoes, which can be fixed in just ten minutes, they manage to report. These minutes are enough for a person to grab the documents and run into the basement. This will save his life.
The question is topical. We have been talking about this for several years, but nothing is moving forward. Everyone begins to warn of danger only when it has already happened. A serious approach is needed organizational structure and high professional level of employees. Unfortunately, the 90s are still reminiscent of a drawdown in meteorology, as well as in other related areas.
- The air traffic control service did an excellent job, warned the pilots to go to other alternate airfields, as a result there were no tragedies in the sky. Is she worthy of praise?
— Yes, they worked at a high level. Absolutely competent decisions were made. The demolition of such multi-ton machines would lead to even greater tragedies. The pilots made smart decisions.
— Obviously, the Hydrometeorological Center andsecurity services The Ministry of Emergency Situations must work quickly in conjunction. And first of all, it is necessary to establish an operational mass notification. What do I need to do?
- The issue must be considered in the most thorough way, the entire structure of the system of warnings and alerts to the population must be changed. An instant chain should be built between the Hydrometeorological Center, the Ministry of Emergency Situations and local authorities self-government, which must also notify everyone. They must always be on alert.
The hydrometeorological center has huge resources, capabilities, scientific potential, which allows it to predict such dangerous storm events. Unfortunately, this information does not always reach the consumer and the end user. Here to blame intermediate links. We need to build a new chain through which information will be distributed in real time.
Interviewed by Aydin Mehdiyev
Prepared for publication by Yuri Kondratiev
Meteorologists advise forgetting about fast spring. Heat, forecasters say, will not be until the end of March. So far, residents of the capital region are waiting for phenomenal frosts and winter weather. "360" collected the opinions of meteorologists and even talked with a psychic about the retreat of the cold weather.
Gismeteo's leading meteorologist Leonid Starkov, speaking about the weather forecast for the near future, advises not to hope for an early warming.
On average, long-term experience, winter in Moscow ends at the end of March. There is a high probability that this year will not be an exception to the rule.
Leonid Starkov.
The winter nature of the weather will continue in Moscow and the region for another 7-10 days. Meteorological spring will come to the region at the end of March. In April, her presence will be felt much more tangibly than now.
Evgeniy Tishkovets, a leading specialist of the Fobos weather center, stressed that the coming weekend will get colder as it happens only once every 18 years.
This weekend will be marked by a powerful ultrapolar air intrusion from the waters of the harsh Arctic seas. It will get colder like it happens once in 18 years
Evgeny Tishkovets.
On Saturday night, thermometers will show up to 23 degrees below zero. During the day the air will warm up to -7…-12. On Sunday, the cold will recede a little: if at night the temperature fluctuates between -17 ... -22, then during the day the inhabitants of the region will expect from -3 to -8. Traditionally, it will be colder in the east and southeast of the Moscow region.
The weather will be determined by the Scandinavian anticyclone. Cloudy with no significant precipitation expected. On Sunday there will be more sun than on Saturday, and the wind will change from north to west at a speed of three to eight meters per second,” added Tishkovets. According to him, now the temperature is 10-12 degrees below the March climatic norm.
The cold weather, the forecaster promised, will recede on Monday-Tuesday: the air will warm up to zero these days. On Wednesday, cold waves will come again, so you can forget about spring for now.
Elena Volosyuk, an employee of the Phobos weather center, recalled that so far all weather forecasters agree on one thing: the weekend will be very cold.
“At night, frost can reach -20 degrees, and in the region, most likely, -25. It will be sunny during the day, which will partially offset the cold snap. Despite this, the thermometers are unlikely to rise above -5,” the weather forecaster said.
Existing temperature regime 8-10 degrees lower existing norm. Holding on the territory of Moscow and the Moscow region - January, and it will begin to rise only next week, the Phobos specialist added.
At the beginning of the week there will be a change in air currents. Warmer masses of Atlantic origin will begin to arrive. The temperature will rise. There is hope that near-zero values await us in the daytime
Elena Volosyuk.
However, she noted, one should not count on continued warming. So far, all calculation schemes indicate that no significant heat is expected in March.
"Upcoming very coldy, most likely, will be the final ones this season,” Elena Volosyuk noted optimistically.
Psychic Albina Selitskaya believes that it will become significantly warmer in April, by Easter. She recalled that the winter turned out to be protracted, it came a month later, so everything moved.
“It all depends on the phase of the moon. Now the growing moon, it will go into a new moon, its growth will begin and warming will begin. It will be warm after March 20,” Selitskaya said.
Not until April and snowdrops bloom. The appearance of primroses this year is one to two weeks behind the norm due to the large amount of snow. Around the same time, buds will begin to swell on the trees, and insects will wake up when the thermometers show up to five degrees Celsius.
current natural anomalies- a consequence of changes in air currents on the globe. Evgeny Tishkovets, the leading specialist of the Phobos weather center, is sure of this.
At the end of May, the head of the Hydrometeorological Center Roman Vilfand. They say that the temperature will be near and slightly above the norm, and the precipitation will fall below the norm. And this is what we see: abnormal cold, squally winds, Moscow was literally flooded. Forecasters have forgotten how to predict the weather?
In our industry, as in any other, leading role plays human factor. The cat cried good meteorologists in Russia! - says Evgeny Tishkovets. - Take the same hydrometeorological center. There are mainly two categories of people working there. The first is elderly specialists with a good education and dozens of years of work experience. These are, as a rule, very good specialists, but there are few of them, and they are not in the first roles. The second category is young people with minimal work experience. Basically, this is the Faculty of Geology of Moscow State University. When girls and boys who have just graduated from university start forecasting the weather all over the country, by definition they cannot always give an accurate forecast. They just don't have experience!
And where to take it?
Well, for example, in military service.
What is it like?
In our organization, virtually all meteorologists are former senior Air Force officers who have served in various climatic zones throughout the country, watched the weather, flew to reconnaissance the weather ... Because not a single military operation begins without a report from a military meteorologist. After all, all our weapons are highly accurate only in ideal conditions. And if there is low cloud cover, rain, wind, then the accuracy decreases. And you need to make adjustments for the weather. In general, military meteorologists are accustomed to being responsible for their forecasts. And civilian youth rely more on the Internet.
- What should one hope for?
On your own knowledge and skills! I remember coming as a lieutenant to the regiment. What did I have? Ruler, pencil, calculator and phone. We calculated the weather ourselves. And when computers came, all numerical modeling went through them.
Is it bad?
It's just that each model - American, British, German, ours - has its pluses and minuses. Therefore, models need to be able to combine. And not just to combine, but also to know the features of the area in which you are making a weather forecast. You cannot rely on one model.
WHICH PREDICTION SHOULD I BELIEVE?
- What is the current forecast depth now? For how long can you trust the forecast, and how long can you not?
If a we are talking about a period of up to five days, then the marketability is from 90 to 95 percent. The forecast for the seventh day comes true in about 87 percent of cases.
- Can you predict the weather for the whole summer? Or is it nonsense, fortune-telling?
There are such methods. But the justification of such forecasts is quite low - no more than 60 percent.
- What is it like? Now, if the justification is 50 percent, it means that either the weather will be like this or not. And 60 percent is just a little more?
And there is. That is why the world's leading meteorological services, such as the British one, even abandoned monthly forecasts. Because it's not serious. After all, in Moscow, for example, every autumn they promise that the Siberian Armageddon will happen in the winter, and every summer they predict abnormally hot or just warm, and nothing ever comes true. To be completely honest, we can only say that, for example, the next summer will be colder than the previous one.
NATO CAN FUCK
- Well, the accuracy of forecasts is hindered by the low qualification of weather forecasters. That is, if they learn, everything will be tip-top?
Is not a fact. Because in Russia and the CIS countries there are not enough weather stations where they collect information about the actual weather: temperature, precipitation, wind, pressure. But it is data from weather stations that are needed to create a weather forecast. According to European standards, for every 25 sq. km of the territory should have one weather station. We have one station on the European territory of Russia for 35–40 sq. km. And beyond the Urals, one station is already 500-700 square meters. km! As for Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan, there are even fewer of them, because to maintain meteorological service they don't want to spend money there. Or they just don't have enough money. There are generally huge "white spots" of the territory, from where meteorological information does not come at all. By the way, as a rule, such spots are massively formed during hostilities. For example, in Syria.
- Okay, well, no, let's say we have information from some areas Central Asia. So what? What does the Russian weather forecast have to do with it?
Moreover, in this territory, for example, some kind of weather phenomenon can form. And it's moving towards us. If there is no weather station, none of the forecasters recorded it. Of course, this phenomenon can be detected using weather radars - these are the eyes and ears of weather forecasters. But the cat cried them there too! True, a continuous radar field has been created in the European part of Russia, which cuts the atmosphere up and down and instantly tracks everything dangerous phenomena which are very difficult to predict. For example, a tornado, a tornado, a strong hail. But in Siberia there is no continuous radar field. Everything is naked there.
- But are there weather satellites?
Yes, they are generally a problem. In the 1990s, all Soviet ones simply "died", then they seemed to start launching them. But the quality was lame, and strong. The satellite worked for several months, then the onboard equipment began to collapse, after a year and a half it stopped working altogether. In general, the domestic meteorological grouping is now at zero. We use data from Chinese satellites, the European Space Agency ... At the same time, NATO countries have an agreement: during the period of aggravation of the military-political situation, they simply cut down their satellites for us, and we remain beggars! In general, a paradox: import substitution is developing in all areas, except for meteorology.
- If Europe decides to extend sanctions to meteorology, will we be left with no weather forecasts at all?!
I don't think. After all, we will probably immediately stop providing them with data from our weather stations. And off from international exchange Information about the weather of such a vast territory as Russia will inevitably lead to a decrease in the quality of forecasts in Europe itself. Therefore, such a measure will be used only as a last resort.
CLIMATE WEAPONS ALREADY IN USE
- By the way, about extreme cases. Member of the Federation Council Ekaterina Lakhova claims that this has already happened and is being used against Russia climate weapon. Does it exist at all?
Climate weapons, unfortunately, are a reality. Remember how the US and its allies bombed Yugoslavia back in 1999? Then the summer was rainy, low cloudy. And the Americans turned on the "harps". HAARP is a high-frequency antenna system that bombards the upper atmosphere. As a result, degradation, confusion and destruction of the so-called centers of action of the atmosphere occur - well, for example, equatorial depression, subtropical or polar anticyclones that control weather processes in one or another part of the globe. Climate weapons are comparable in strength to nuclear weapons. The whole world is convinced of this. Then, 18 years ago, an anticyclone settled over Yugoslavia for two months: ideal conditions for bombing and missile strikes. As a result, the country was literally bombed out, inclining to the solution necessary for the NATO countries.
FROM THE DESERT TO SIBERIA
- So maybe they started using climate weapons against Russia?
No, this is nonsense. What is happening now has already happened since the mid-1950s and into the 1960s. Ironically, what is happening is a consequence of global warming. There is a blurring of the lines between the Arctic, which is literally melting before our eyes, and the equator, which is “freezing”. The result is something like this: two flywheels - over north pole and the equator - spinning in different sides. Between them - something like a conveyor belt. Usually she travels from west to east, but now everything has broken down and, roughly speaking, the weather has begun to go from north to south, and the European part of Russia is freezing, or, on the contrary, the weather is coming from the south, from the Gobi Desert, to the north, and Siberia is groaning from the heat! And, unfortunately, it will only get worse.
- Does that mean it will get colder?
Not everywhere. This June, for example, has become the warmest on the globe. That is, in many places it has become warmer, but here, on the contrary, it is colder. You have to be ready for this.
GET READY FOR THE WEATHER
- And how to prepare? We are getting storm warnings all the time!
Yes, this is a joke. We receive them almost every day and are already laughing: now the yellow level of danger, then red, then green, then gray-brown-crimson. People simply ignore these warnings. This is reinsurance pure form: their authors simply cover one place for themselves with a piece of paper.
- At first, these "yellow danger levels" annoyed me personally. Then they began to cause laughter, because most of these warnings are lies. But on May 29, and for some reason no one warned about it. How so?
In fact, the Hydrometeorological Center warned of squally winds up to 22 m/s. And there was a hurricane with a wind force of up to 30 m/s. It was extremely difficult to predict it, because in May there were no hurricanes in Moscow in the entire 138-year history of observations. Hurricanes are generally impossible to predict in a day. Only 5-6 hours. And then only in the case of high professionalism of weather forecasters. Unfortunately, we do not have a warning system for such natural phenomena at all.
- Why not, if the Ministry of Emergency Situations constantly sends text messages?
The problem is that almost every rain is already being warned. And it is necessary about serious phenomena and certainly not by text messages. If a tornado is predicted in the United States, then two minutes after the forecast appears, the information goes to the phones of all local officials. After 5–10 minutes, the entire population located in the disaster zone is warned by a buzzer, which is sent to Cell phones. And you can't confuse this buzzer with anything. Plus, this is a ticker on all TV channels, announcements on all radio stations, plus police and firefighters with loudspeakers drive through the streets and warn of danger very loudly. As a result, people manage to escape. Such a system is needed in Moscow. Especially when you consider that weather anomalies will increase.
QUOTE
We do not predict long periods of cold, rainy, inclement weather. Summer will be. We designate the temperature regime in our prognostic maps pink- when the temperature is slightly above or close to normal.
BY THE WAY
Dispersal of clouds and clouds on the eve of the holidays does not always help. This Victory Day, for example, was cold and wet. According to experts, it is possible to influence atmospheric processes only if they are sluggish. And when a classic cyclone or a classic cold front comes out, it is impossible to cope with them by spraying cement dust. Because one storm cloud has the energy of three atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima. A cyclone in terms of power is equal to a dozen nuclear power plants that generate energy during the year. In order to “arrange” clear weather during a cyclone, you need a system like the American HAARP.
Bailiff service trainee Natalya Melnik - the heroine of the series " Ex-wife"- hunts for negligent fathers who do not want to pay child support. She comes to them in the evenings and even guards them at night, lures dads out on dates and uncovers other crimes along the way. Muscovite Olga Kopylova, the mother of two-year-old Matvey, has been fighting bailiffs herself for two years, trying to get them to work, and her ex to pay child support.
There are 3.2 million children like Matvey living in incomplete families in Russia. More than 2 million of them do not receive child support, and the total parental debt to them, according to official data, exceeds 10 billion rubles. By April 1, Putin instructed the government to develop specific proposals for the creation of a state alimony fund, but, as Izvestia found out, the order has not yet been fulfilled. The Ministry of Labour, the Ministry of Regional Development and the Ministry of Finance gave negative opinions on this project.
Alimony funds in one form or another exist in all developed countries of the world. If a child stays with one of the parents, then the second one - in our country it is usually the mother - does not run around the courts, but receives a fixed amount of maintenance from the state, and it is already using its employees to search for and knock out money from a negligent father or mother. The need for such a fund has been said since 2006.
But until now, even with the concept they cannot decide, to evaluate the effectiveness, a serious scientific justification, - the chief researcher of the Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor Lyudmila Rzhanitsyna, is perplexed.
“They answered - we work, and did nothing”
Olga Kopylova “knocked out” alimony from the former through the court. Matvey's father, 38-year-old Yevgeny Tishkovets, a leading specialist at the Phobos weather forecasting center, told the judge that "she gave birth without his consent."
Tishkovets lived with me and left when I was pregnant. Since then, neither his son, nor how we live, he was not interested, - says Olga.
She received her judgment in December 2011. By law, enforcement proceedings for the recovery of alimony are subject to immediate execution, and the bailiff is required to initiate a case within three days. The envelope with the writ of execution, sent from the court to the Zyuzinsky district department of bailiffs (Zyuzinsky ROSP - at the location of the defendant), returned back to the court. Upon learning of this, in March 2012, Olga took him to the bailiffs herself.
Since then, every week, taking little Motya, she came from Zelenograd to Warsaw Highway and waited for hours for an appointment.
The bailiffs never answered me on the phone, and at a personal reception they all the time voiced different versions of why nothing was being done: either the archive burned down, then they had a shortage in the department, then they allegedly did not receive a writ of execution, then it was simply lost, - Olga remembers. - As a result, I spit on everything, took a duplicate in court and started “complaining wars”.
In total, during this time, Olga wrote about 20 complaints to various authorities and “did not receive a single answer on the merits. During the year, five bailiffs were replaced in her case.
I told everyone anew everything, he marked something in a notebook - and again did nothing, - she recalls. - I came again - and they answered me again: we are working.
The turnover in the territorial bodies of the FSSP of Russia, according to official data, in 2012 exceeded 22.5%, most of all those who quit - 30% - were among the bailiffs. The most difficult situation is in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Rostov-on-Don, Yekaterinburg, Novosibirsk and the Moscow region. In some district and city departments, with a staffing of 10-15 bailiffs, the situation reaches a catastrophic one - their actual number was only 3-4 people, its director Artur Parfenchikov spoke about this at the final annual board of the service.
However, Olga and her Mota are not better off from these statistics.
You still won't get anything
Kopylova herself, like a bailiff from a popular TV series, by hook or by crook found out everything about her ex: where she works, and on what account she receives a salary in the bank, and what foreign car she drives, and that her first wife Masha doesn’t even get a penny for her daughter gives, and that he is on trial for beating Masha to corrective labor, and that he also does not pay a penny under this writ of execution.
Kopylova again took the collected data to the Zyuzinsky ROSP and at the same time wrote to the Moscow prosecutor that she no longer knew what else she had to do so that her child would finally begin to pay the prescribed alimony. In response, Deputy City Prosecutor Sergei Kudeneev said that her "arguments were objectively confirmed" and during the audit, "significant violations in the untimely and improper execution of court decisions were revealed, and a proposal was made to eliminate them." Against Yevgeny Tishkovets, as a malicious non-payer, a prosecutor's check began. He immediately appeared to the bailiffs and wrote a statement that the debts to the children - more than 100 thousand rubles to his son and 200 thousand to his daughter - would urgently be paid off.
While, by joining forces, the former ladies of the heart of Tishkovets were collecting the necessary information on him, he, an Air Force lieutenant colonel, resigned from the army and got a job at the Phobos center. From a new place of work, he presented a certificate that he receives 10 thousand rubles, they say, let them take it from her.
According to the law, more than 25% per child is not deducted from the salary. So Matvey received 2 thousand a month from his dad as alimony - while the official living wage for a child in Moscow is 10,456 rubles. And dad will give another 1 thousand rubles to his son on account of his debt. At this rate, he will repay it only after eight years. The daughter, quite possibly, by that time will already give him grandchildren.
However, Olga and Masha were still lucky - a recent study showed that 67% of mothers with children, having a court decision in their hands, still don’t see a penny from the former. And 62% of Muscovites do not even go to court for alimony. And not because there is a lot of money, but because you won’t achieve anything anyway.
Olga and Masha again went to the bailiffs - so that they seized the car and Tishkovets paid off his debts before the children grow up. Or let them initiate a criminal case against him, they say. But in the Zyuzinsky ROSP, the bailiff changed again and another check began, and the women were simply not accepted during office hours, and they did not give a certificate for the prosecutor's office to initiate a case.
Decide civilly
Maria Tishkovets herself used to work at Phobos and knows very well what the actual salary is there, besides, the leading employee who comments on the weather forecast in almost all media. And how is it released. According to her, a few years ago they paid 30-50 thousand rubles in envelopes on top, “and it’s hard to believe that it was suddenly drastically reduced, making it official.”
The apartment we live in ex-husband how a serviceman was given for the whole family from the Ministry of Defense, he doesn’t want to privatize it, but without him it’s impossible, he doesn’t pay for anything, he occupied a large room and periodically leaves some checks on the table: either he buys a coat for himself for 22 thousand rubles, then shoes for 8 thousand, - says Maria Tishkovets. - According to unfulfilled sheets (along with moral compensation for beatings), he owes me and my daughter more than 500 thousand, but he only laughs at us and says that we still won’t get anything.
Yevgeny Tishkovets told Izvestiya that his ex-wife "had a lust for profit", and his ex-wife Maria did everything so that he "quit his favorite job and quit the army."
Previously, in the army, I received a lot, now with her efforts and deceitful slander - not enough, I am a military pensioner, I work part-time one day a week, but this is enough for me to live, - says Tishkovets. - We had a fleeting affair with Olga, and, having learned about her pregnancy, I told her that I wanted children only in the family, but we didn’t know each other too well. She could solve this issue in a civilized way (have an abortion. - Izvestia).
Tishkovets says that he does not refuse to pay child support, but he does not have the opportunity to pay more.
Two bills are under consideration in the State Duma, where it is proposed to establish a minimum amount of alimony. According to one - it must be at least 50% of the child's subsistence minimum, according to another - at least a quarter. In any case, if one of them is accepted, Olga Kopylova notes, her Motya will be paid more than now.
If a normal structure was engaged in knocking out debts, and alimony was paid from the state fund, instead of running around the bailiffs and scribbling complaints, I would be more involved in the development of the child, she believes.
Blur the problem
The Ombudsman for Children's Rights in Moscow, Yevgeny Bunimovich, says that the topic of creating a national alimony fund has been discussed for so long that it seems to have been completely blurred.
At every meeting on children at all levels, I ask questions about this, because there are a lot of complaints about the fact that there is no social protection for children at all and judgments are not fulfilled - and you know what happened? The bailiffs simply stopped responding to my letters - this is the only government agency where you have to write on the same occasion several times! - Bunimovich is indignant. - The other day, at the Open Government, he again asked about the alimony fund, and in response to me: they already wrote about him! Now they write beautiful words for new family concept. And when will something be done?
It is important not only to pay benefits, but also to create a real state administrative mechanism for social support for three million children in divorced families and millions of women who are unsuccessfully trying to get alimony, says Professor Lyudmila Rzhanitsyna from the Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
The mechanism has been worked out in many countries of the world: it is necessary to legally establish a minimum standard for alimony, amend the Family Code, increase fines and penalties for non-payment, accept proposals from bailiffs to deprive driving license, at the same time oblige the regions to engage in the employment of non-payers and create their electronic database, introduce mandatory work for debtors, inform banks not to give them loans, etc., Rzhanitsyna explains. - And, of course, there must be a responsible structure - a foundation, service or agency - that would deal with this, no less important is the strengthening of the role of the state in ensuring the rights of children.
UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador Alexandra Ochirova believes that these measures are not enough - they need confiscation of property and a serious punishment for the employer, who hides the real income of the non-payer of alimony.
The creation of an alimony fund, according to Professor Rzhanitsyna, is hampered by a strong male lobby and the widespread belief that the money will go not to the child, but to the mother herself. The main opponents of the creation of such a fund, according to Rzhanitsyna, are the Ministry of Labor, the Ministry of Regional Development and the Ministry of Finance.
As follows from the recall of the Ministry of Labor, the subsistence minimum in the Russian Federation ranges from 5 thousand to 11 thousand rubles, and not all parents and not in all regions receive such a salary. In addition, it is not clear "how to calculate the minimum amount of alimony if the parents live in different subjects." In other departments, the amount of 9-10 billion rubles requested for the fund is considered unreasonable, and it is still not clear from which budget it will be paid - federal or regional. A number of governors have already said that they don't have that kind of money in their budgets, and that in the event of a "compulsory order" other socially unprotected groups will suffer.
In any case, experts conclude, the creation of the alimony fund, which has been talked about so much, is actually as far away as it was a few years ago. And divorced and single mothers / fathers can either spit on them, settling on another hack, or continue to “butt” with bailiffs, only in the movies watching the coordinated work of their ideal colleagues.
