Rivers of the Perm Territory: a detailed review. The largest rivers of the Perm Territory How the name of the Yaiva River is translated

Can be attributed to big rivers(that is, rivers with a length of more than 500 km). This is the largest river of the Kama region (1805 km) and its left tributary Chusovaya (592 km).

Of the 29 thousand, only 40 rivers are medium, that is, they have a length of 100 to 500 km. The largest of them:

• Sylva - 493 km,
• Vishera - 415 km,
• Colva - 460 km,
• Yaiva - 403 km,
• Kosva - 283 km,
• Spit - 267 km,
• Veslyana - 266 km
• Inva - 257 km,
• Obva - 247 km.

More than 60% of the rivers in the Perm Territory are fed by melt water. They can observe prolonged freezing, high spring floods, low summer and winter low water. High water lasts longer in the north of the region, thanks to extensive forests and thick snow cover.

Most of the rivers of the Perm Territory are flat. They have a winding channel and a slow current.

Originating in the Ural Mountains, the left tributaries of the Kama in the upper reaches are typical mountain rivers. They have a fast current with rapids, rifts and waterfalls. On the banks there are picturesque rocks and outcrops of stones. The most interesting thing is that many of the Perm mountain rivers can only be reached from the Sverdlovsk region. Having descended from the mountains to the plain, these rivers in the middle and lower reaches lose their mountainous character.

For centuries, the Permian rivers served not only water resource. In those days when there was neither air nor railway communication, the rivers were the main roads throughout Russia, including the Kama region.

Now the rivers are places of recreation and fishing. Of all the types of recreation on the rivers of the Perm Territory, rafting is especially popular. From early May to late autumn a huge number of tourists go for rafting using kayaks, catamarans and rafts.

Which rivers to choose for rafting? Rafting on each river is unique and unrepeatable. In the Perm Territory, rafting is carried out along the rivers Chusovaya, Vishera, Usva, Kosva and many others. River rafting - best holiday!

- the largest left tributary of the Volga. The name comes from the Udmurt "kam" - "river, current". Another interpretation of the name refers to the Udmurt "kema", meaning "long". According to one of the old theories, the ethnonym Komi ("people from the Kama") came from the name of the Kama River.

The Kama is considered a tributary of the Volga, however, Permians believe that the Volga is a tributary of the Kama, and many scientists share their opinion. A number of facts speak in favor of this:

• The ancient valley of the Kama is much older than the Volga, figuratively speaking, when the ancient Kama (paleo-Kama) already existed, the Volga did not yet exist. And only then did the Volga join (at a right angle) to the Kama in connection with geological transformations;

• The Kama basin is larger than the Volga, the Kama receives the waters of more rivers than the Volga;

• The source of the Kama is located above the source of the Volga, and this is one of the criteria for determining the supremacy of a particular river;

• At the confluence of the Kama and the Volga, in terms of such an indicator as water content, they are absolutely equivalent.

The length of the river is 1805 km. Previously, before the appearance of three reservoirs, it was even longer - more than two thousand kilometers. On the territory of the Perm Territory 910 km. Basin area 507,000 km²

Kama originates from 4 springs in the center of the Verkhnekamsk Upland in Udmurtia, near the village of Kuliga. This is a returnable river, that is, it makes an arc and flows near the mouth in the direction opposite to the flow of the source. And although the length of the river is 1805 km, its source is only 445 km from the mouth, if measured in a straight line.

The food of the Kama is mainly snow, as well as underground and rain. Freeze up in November, ice lasts until April. Ice drift in spring lasts from 2 to 15 days. The water level in the river can vary up to 8 meters. The basin includes 73718 rivers, 94.5% of them are small rivers, no more than 10 km long. The flow of the river is regulated for a considerable distance by the dams of the Kamskaya, Votkinskaya and Nizhnekamskaya hydroelectric power stations, above which reservoirs have been created.

The Kama River can be divided into 3 sections:

• upper reaches (from the source to the mouth of the Vishera),

• middle course (from the mouth of the Vishera to the mouth of the Belaya),

• lower course (from the mouth of the Belaya to the confluence of the Volga with the Kama).

The Perm Territory includes sections of the middle and upper reaches.

Kama in the upper reaches winds strongly, the channel is unstable and winding, many oxbow lakes, in which fish breeds, are formed in the floodplain. It becomes a wide river with a strong current and picturesque banks near the village of Gaina. Near the village of Ust-Kosa, at the mouth of the right tributary of the Kos, the Kama reaches 200 meters in width.

The banks of the Kama on average flow change: the left bank becomes elevated and steep. the right one remains low-lying with a meadow character, many islands, shoals and rifts appear.

The Kama becomes a full-fledged full-flowing river only after the confluence of the Vishera. The volume of water runoff near Perm is 52 cubic kilometers per year. The average slope of the river is 0.1%. The flow velocity varies from 0.3 to 1 km/s.

The creation of reservoirs has improved navigation conditions. There are regular passenger flights from Perm to Moscow, Gorky, Astrakhan and Ufa. The picturesque banks of the Kama attract many tourists. For outdoor activities and rafting, the upper reaches of the river are more interesting. The river is also attractive as a place for sport fishing. The upper course is best suited for this, since already below Solikamsk on the banks of the river there is a huge number of industrial enterprises. Therefore, the ecological situation in the middle and lower reaches is very unfavorable.

More than 40 species of fish live in Kama. The most numerous are zander, bream, pike, ruff, burbot, bleak, roach, perch, ide, blue bream, asp, catfish, sabrefish, white-eye, gudgeon, dace, silver bream, chub, spined loach and crucian carp.

Before the construction of hydroelectric power plants, 3 species of herring, sturgeon, beluga, Caspian lamprey and white fish were found in the river, now this fish is gone, but catfish and sprat appeared, and rotan appeared in floodplain reservoirs.

Grayling and taimen are found in the upper reaches and tributaries. In some areas of the Upper Kama, a large number of sterlet are artificially maintained.

5 species of fish are listed in the Red Book of Russia, their fishing is prohibited: sterlet of the Upper and Middle Kama, taimen, brook trout, sculpin, bystrianka.

At present, the number of fish and fishermen is not so great, since the cost and difficulty of casting is not justified by the catch. Mostly residents of the villages closest to the Kama are caught.

Kama photo

Chusovaya river is a left tributary of the Kama. It originates in the Chelyabinsk region, then in the middle reaches it passes twice from the Sverdlovsk region to the Perm region and ends its journey near the city of Perm, flows into the Kama reservoir. Its interesting feature is that Chusovaya originates in Asia, on the eastern slopes of the Ural Range, crosses it and mainly flows in the European part of Russia, along the western slopes of the Ural Mountains, through the territory of the Chelyabinsk, Sverdlovsk regions and the Perm Territory, that is it flows through two parts of the world from Asia to Europe.

The length of Chusovaya is 592 km. Of these, it flows in the Chelyabinsk region - 20 km, in the Sverdlovsk region - 377 km, in the Perm region - 195 km. The average height of the catchment area is 356 m. The area of ​​the catchment area is 23,000 square meters. km, average slope 0.4 m/km.

The water level on the river is unstable and changes rapidly. In rainy summer, it can rise to 4-5 meters.

On its way, the water crosses many mountain ranges, at the intersections on the banks numerous rocks (so-called stones) rise, forming the most picturesque landscapes.

Of the more than 200 rock outcrops, many have the status of natural monuments. The river has more than 150 tributaries - from small streams to deep rivers. There are more than 70 riffles on the river, the largest of which is Kashkinsky. In 2004, the Chusovaya River Natural Park was created on a 148-kilometer section of the river.

There are several versions of the origin of the name of the river. According to the most common hypothesis, the name comes from the Komi-Permyak words "chus" - fast and "va" - water, i.e. "chusva" - "fast water". This river played a huge role in the history of the Perm region.

There are hundreds of beautiful sights on Chusovaya: rocks, caves, monuments…

In the summer, rafting on Chusovaya is very popular with tourists.

In the lower reaches of the river, many episodes of the famous Soviet musical comedy " Volga-Volga directed by Grigory Alexandrov. In the village of Sloboda, Yaropolk Lapshin's film " sullen river».

Chusovaya photo

Vishera is the fifth longest river in the Perm Territory, the left tributary of the Kama River (flows into the Vishera Bay of the Kama Reservoir). This is one of the most picturesque rivers of the Urals.

Its length is 415 km, the basin area is 31,200 km². The average slope of the river is 0.2 m/km. The average height of the catchment area is 317 meters.

Vishera is characterized by high water, low summer low water and rain floods. The river is meandering, with many rocky rifts.

It flows into the Kama, and the Kama is inferior at the confluence in width and water content. There is even an opinion among experts that it is more reasonable to consider the Kama a tributary of the Vishera.

According to one version, it received its modern name from people from Veliky Novgorod, in honor of the river of the same name.

Has two origins. They are separated by the Vishersky Kamen ridge. The right branch, 16 km long, is called Malaya Vishera (Khalsoria), it originates on the Yany-Emty ridge.

The left, 24 km long, Bolshaya Vishera (Pazarya), begins on the spurs of one of the peaks of the Poyasovy Kamen ridge - Porimongit-Ur, or rather, from the southwestern slope of a mountain with a mark of 1128.1 m, called Mansi Saklaimsori-Chakhl.

This is a unique point in the Urals, where seven borders converge:

Europe and Asia; Sverdlovsk region and Perm region; as well as the watershed spaces of the three great rivers of Russia - the Pechora (Malaya Khozya), the Ob (Purma) and the Volga (Vishera).

In 1997, in honor of the 200th anniversary Perm region a memorial pillar "Europe-Asia" was erected here.

Both sources of the Vishera always lie under the snow and merge at the northern foot of Mount Munintump (Army, 924.1m).

The entire course of the river can be divided into 3 sections:

Upper Vishera- the roughest part of the river. This is a section from the source to the mouth of the Uls River. The entire area is literally dotted with rifts, the channel winds heavily, the depth is shallow. The width of the river here is up to 70 m. After the confluence of Niols and Lopya, it becomes possible to raft along the river.

• The region of the upper reaches is the least inhabited - only the village of Vels at the mouth of the tributary of the same name. Mountain ranges go here: Tulymsky stone (up to 1469 meters - this is the most high point in the Perm region)

• Kurynsar - 896 meters,

• Larch - 862 meters.

Most of the Upper Vishera is located on the territory of the Vishera Reserve. Fishing is prohibited in the reserve.

Middle Vishera- from the mouth of the Uls River to the confluence of the Kolva River (199 km). There are still many rifts, but now there are also many reaches. The width of the river reaches 150 m, the speed of the current decreases. There are many picturesque coastal rocks-stones: Written, Pillars, Perforated, Windy, Gostinovsky, Fighter, Den, Talkative, Vetlan.

The banks of the river here are the most populated, along the banks there are villages and settlements of Sypuchi, Visherogorsk, Vaya, Akchim, Zagovorukha, Romanikha, Talitsa, Bahari, Ust-Yazva, as well as the regional center city of Krasnovishersk.

Logging is underway along the banks, and the environment is deteriorating somewhat.

Lower Vishera- from the mouth of the Kolva River to the confluence with the Kama (34 km). It is a typical flat river, in some places it overflows up to 900 m.

In the middle of the 20th century, due to mole drifting of timber and water emissions from the Krasnovishersk pulp and paper plant, this area lost its fishing significance.

But in the upper reaches of the fish is quite enough. In the tributaries of the Vishera, there is even a sculpin listed in the Red Book, which is an indicator of the purity of the water.

In the upper reaches there is also the largest population of grayling and taimen in the region and Europe. Individuals reach 1.5-2 kg. Until 1958, industrial grayling flourished except for Vishera on the rivers Berezovaya, Uls and Vels. Up to 187 centners of fish were caught annually (more than in Karelia, Ladoga and Onega lakes combined). Due to poaching in the upper reaches of the river, the population of grayling in Vishera began to rapidly decrease, and at present there is no commercial fishing for grayling.

Of the animals in the Vishera region, there is a bear and a beaver, there is a wolverine. Of the birds, the golden eagle, merlin, osprey and ptarmigan are listed in the Red Book.

There is also a mysterious bird - a black stork, also listed in the Red Book. The legend says that whoever finds a black stork's nest will inevitably die in the very near future.

Herds live in the mountain tundra reindeer. Swans are found in the upper reaches of the Vishera and its tributary, the Lypya.

Yellowish-brown Ural sable lives on the slopes of the mountains in the dark coniferous taiga. Here is the western border of its habitat. Marten and large Ural sable gave a valuable cross - kidus (kidas). This type of fur-bearing animal is found only in the mountains of the Northern Urals; in the Perm Territory, the kidus lives in the upper reaches of the Vishera.

You can often hear the phrase "Diamond Vishera". The river is so called both for its fabulous beauty and for the diamond deposits in its basin.

Rafting on Vishera is very popular among tourists. The river is ideal for family rafting and for rafting in large companies: it is quite calm, without rapids.

It is best to start rafting from the villages of Vels or Vaya, and finish in the city of Krasnovishersk. In this section, the river is suitable for rafting throughout the summer. The beauty of the Vishera River, picturesque banks, unique nature will give you many pleasant moments.

Vishera photo

There is another version of the origin of the name, according to which Yaiva is the name of the daughter of the forest king. The hero Tulum fell in love with her, and she reciprocated. But the river king did not want to give his daughter to Tulum, and during a thunderstorm he threw the palace in which the lovers lived into the water. The broken body of Tulum turned into boulders, and Yaiva became a fast mountain river. And since then, as if embracing and mourning the beloved hero Tulum, the beautiful Yaiva has been swiftly rushing through the Tulum boulders with her crystal clear waters.

These boulders are now called Yaivinsky tulums, and begin 20 km before the confluence of the Kad River. The largest rapids of the Yaiva tulums even have their own names (Slanting Head, Birch Head, Bear's Head, Ravines, etc.).

After the confluence of the Kad Yayva river, it becomes noticeably calmer, the flow is slower, the channel is deeper, and there are rocky outcrops along the banks.

After the dam on the reservoir of the Yaivinskaya GRES, the river is very picturesque, wide, deep and calm.

Taimen and grayling live in the river and its tributaries. Pike and large perch are kept in the oxbow lakes. After the village of the same name, asp, bream and chub are caught. In the village itself there is a fish farm of Yaivinskaya GRES, so local fishermen downstream have adapted to catch fish that have escaped from cages - carp, trout, taimen, etc.

The river is interesting for rafting, during which tourists visit picturesque rocks with caves along the banks. The Tihiy Kamen tract is especially popular.

Chanva - the left tributary of the Yaiva, flows in the Perm Territory through the territory of the Aleksandrovsky district. The length is 70 km, the catchment area is 733 km².

It is formed on the northern slope of the White Spoy Range from the confluence of the Rassokha and Tsenva rivers. The mouth of the river is located 183 km along the left bank of the Yayva River.

The name comes from the Komi word "chan" - a foal, which in relation to the river means - frisky, fast. Thus Chanwa means "fast river" or "fast river".

Chanwu is called the "cave river". There are many known and unknown caves in the coastal cliffs and remnant rocks in the forest.

The channel runs through a deep rocky valley. There are steep elevation changes throughout the river.

Rafting along Changwa is popular with tourists. The best time for rafting is the first 2-3 weeks after the ice drift (from the middle to the end of May). Then the river is quite full-flowing, and there is no need to drag rubber boats and especially catamarans along the riffles.

On the shores there are the most interesting rocks and caves, which are natural monuments of federal significance. Among them are the Anyusha tract, the Chanvinsky caves.

At the confluence of the Berezovaya river, a path (2 km) leaves to the Tain cave.

The mouth of the Chanva is located just below the village of Verkhnyaya-Yayva.

The Lytva River - flows in the Perm Territory. It flows into the Votkinsk reservoir near the city of Osa, forming a bay more than 20 km long and up to 5 km wide. The length of the river is 118 km, the average slope is 0.8 m / km, the catchment area is 3.5 thousand square meters. km at an average altitude of 200 meters above sea level. 110 tributaries less than 10 km long flow into the river.

The spring flood lasting about 25-30 days begins in April. As a rule, the highest water levels are observed at the end of April. When heavy rains fall, there may be rain floods, accompanied by a significant rise in the water level.

Although the Tulva begins its journey in the Uinsky district, and flows into the Kama in the Osinsky district, most of the 118 km of the river's length is in the Bardymsky district. Therefore, the Bardyms consider it theirs, and call their land Pritulva.

It is not known for certain where the name of the Tulva River came from. The part "va" indicates the Komi-Permyak "water", a significant number of the names of the rivers of the Perm Territory end in "va". But “Tul” can be translated in different ways: either from the Mansi “tul” - fog, or from the Komi-Permyak as “nail”, “wedge”, or from the Tatar “tula” - full.

Local Tatars call the river - Tol, in historical documents there is another name - Tolbuy. Traditions tell about the origin of this name: “The village of Tanyp is the oldest settlement in the upper reaches of the Tulva, in ancient times one person, Gainetdin, moved here and built a house. After a while, his younger brother came and settled downstream of the river, in the place where the village of Ishimovo is. And then he saw wood chips floating in the river and found his older brother. Then the younger brother drowned, and his wife told the river that you brought me such grief, let your name be "Tol" - a widow. This is how the Tatar name of the river Tulva appeared.

The largest river is Kama. The length of the Kama occupies

6th place among the rivers of Europe, after the Volga, Danube, Ural, Don and Pechora.

The name of the river comes from the Udmurt word "kam", which means "big, long river".

Initially, Kama flows in the form of a stream, but gradually gains strength and becomes a deep river.

Kama majestically rolls its waters through forests, meadows and fields. Its length was 2032 km, and with the creation of reservoirs, it decreased. Now its length is 1805 km. About half of its way, about 950 km, it flows within our region.

The Kama receives many tributaries both on the right and on the left. The right tributaries are flat, quiet, calm. These are Inva, Obva, Siva, and others. The left tributaries in the upper reaches have a mountainous character, they are fast, swift, noisy. These include Vishera with Yazva and Kolva, Kosva, Chusovaya. It is easy to see that the name of the rivers of the Perm region often ends in "va". It means "water, river".

Rivers of the Perm Territory with a particle "va" - water

Velva - upland river

Vilva - fresh water

Ivan - divine river (women's tears)

Koiva - cold, icy (splashing) river

Colva - hunting river

Kosva - shallow river (water)

Lysva - river over the area, overgrown coniferous forest

capelin - beaver river

Obva - meadow snowy river

Oshva - bear water

Soil - cloudy water

Syuzva - river flowing where eagle owls are found

Urva - squirrel river

Usva - noisy falling water

Chusovaya - fast water

The Kama itself is the largest left tributary of the Volga.

The Kama and its tributaries are full of water. They feed on rain, groundwater and melt water that comes in the spring during the melting of snow and ice. AT winter time The Kama, like all its tributaries, freezes over. In the south, the ice on the river lasts for about 140 days, that is, more than four and a half months, and in the north - 180 days.

The waters of Kama serve as a source of energy. Construction was completed in 1954 Kama hydroelectric power station. It is one of the largest power plants in our country. Its dam consists of two parts. At the right bank there is a reinforced concrete spillway part of the dam, combined with the building of the hydroelectric power station.

The length of the dam is 386 m, the width is 50 m, the height is 35 m. The water raised by the dam presses its weight on the blades of machines called turbines. Under the enormous pressure of the water, the turbines rotate and transmit their movement to other machines - generators that generate electricity.

Above the dam spilled a large Kama reservoir.

In the south-west of our region, in 1961, the construction of the second hydroelectric power station, Votkinskaya, was completed on the Kama. In terms of its capacity, it is twice as large as the Kama hydroelectric power station. The water level in the Kama above the new dam has risen by 23 meters. Tae formed the Votkinsk reservoir. Its area is 1120 km2.

Our HPPs are part of the Volga-Kama cascade of HPPs (a cascade is a hydroelectric power station located along the river at some distance from each other, connected with each other). They are part of the RusHydro association.

Thanks to the creation of reservoirs on the Kama, the conditions for the passage of ships have improved, many tributaries of the Kama have become navigable.

Yusva River - Swan River,
The motherland is small, the motherland is bright.
Your right wing is your dear field,
Your left wing is a cherished grove.
V. Radkevich

The Perm region is called the water region, because we have over 30 thousand reservoirs. They form a bizarre, branched, dense network.

The names of many rivers have the ending "va" (in Permian Komi "va" - water, river): Gaiva, Kolva, Usva, Unva, Chelva, Kosva, Koiva, Lysva, Nizva, Pozhva, Sylva, Syuzva, Urva...

You probably can't list everything.

Such geographical names are not accidental. They come from the words of the Komi-Permyak, Komi-Zyryan, Udmurt, Mansi, Khanty, Bashkir and tell about any features of the river, which the tribes that once lived here noticed with amazing accuracy.

So, Kolva - a river in the Cherdyn region, the largest tributary of the Vishera, 490 km long, collects water from an area equal to the territory of Belgium. Modern name rivers - the Mansi "kol" ya, modified by the Komi-Permyaks, which means a fish river (in the Mansi, "kol" is a fish, "I" is a river).In the past, Mansi roamed and fished in the Kolva basin.

Chelva - four rivers of the Perm region have this name: tributaries of the Kama, Kosva, Nerdva and Obva. All of them are flat, quiet, which is quite consistent with the Komi-Perm "person" - quiet.

Ulva is a river in the Solikamsk region, the left tributary of the Urolka, 65 km long. The name of the river comes from the Komi "ul" I damp, wet and means a damp, wet river, that is, a river that flows in the lowlands, with damp banks.

Unva - this is the name of two rivers of the Berezniki region, the left tributaries of the Yaiva. Their name is also Komi-Permyak and comes from the word "una" - a lot; so Unva is a river with many waters.

Gaiva is a river in the suburban area of ​​Krasnokamsk, the right tributary of the Kama, 73 km long. "Gai" in Permian Komi means a response in the forest, and spruce "gaiva" can be translated as water with a good response, an echo.

But the name of the Inva, the right tributary of the Kama, in Komi-Perm means female water, female river; a river as beautiful as a woman. The river has beautiful, picturesque banks, dressed in a motley carpet of forest and wildflowers. This feature is reflected in its name.

Vilva - several rivers of the Perm region have this name. It comes from the Komi-Permian "vil", that is, new, and means new water, river.

Koiva is a river in the Chusovsky district, 189 km long, with a narrow valley and steep slopes. "Koi" - a bird; apparently, many birds flocked here in ancient times, leaving a memory of themselves in the name of the river.

The Kosva is a major tributary of the Kama Reservoir, 345 km long. The word "kos" goes back to the Komi-Permyak "kes" and means dry (in the sense of small). The name well conveys the peculiarity of this reservoir - shallow water, a river with shallow depths, rifts.

Lysva - this name is given to three rivers of our region: the tributaries of the Kama, Obva and Chusovaya. "Lys" in Komi-Permyak - needles, that is, Lysva - coniferous water, a coniferous river flowing through an area overgrown with coniferous forest. In the past, that's how it was.

Nizva - a river in the Cherdynsky district, the left tributary of the Kolva, 125 km long. Its name is poetic: sable water, sable river, ("bottom" in the Komi language - sable).

The soil is a tributary of the Kama. This name comes from the Udmurt "pl" - muddy; This means that the water in this river is muddy.

But the word "Sylva" (from the Komi-Permyak "this" - clay) means clay water, clay river.

As you can see, the name of the river is its characteristic, which was given by our distant ancestors.

Branched in the Perm Territory water system. The main river of the region is the Kama. The remaining reservoirs are either located in its basin or are connected by a system of tributaries. It stands out among others for its length, the next river on the list, Chusovaya, is three times shorter. There are many fishing spots in the region. This is one of the directions of domestic tourism. The second, not inferior in popularity - alloys.

Mountain and rapids rivers with fast current, like Vizhay, attract extreme people. The shores are moderately populated, as there are mostly villages and villages on them. The absence of people and their vigorous activity in the district favorably affects the environment. Mulyanka and others were a little less fortunate in this regard. water artery that flow in Perm.

List of the longest rivers in the Perm region

1. Kama

In addition to the Perm Territory, it flows through the territory of 4 more regions. One of the largest tributaries of the Volga. Before the appearance of the Kuibyshev reservoir, the Kama was even longer. The total number of tributaries exceeds 74 thousand. Approximately half of the channel is suitable for navigation. Kama has been known since ancient times, in some parts of the floodplain, oxbow lakes are visible. An annual sailing competition is held.

The length of the river is 1805 km, in the Perm Territory - 910 km

2. Chusovaya

It also applies to the Chelyabinsk and Sverdlovsk regions. Left tributary of the Kama. Extensive forests are found only in the middle reaches. The remaining zones are covered with meadows, swamps, light forests. There are fishing spots, crayfish colonies and flocks waterfowl. The river basin is rich in minerals, including gold and diamonds. Vessels can sail along the channel, but there are restrictions.

The length of the river is 592 km, in the Perm Territory - 195 km

3. Silva

Source in the Middle Urals, flows into the Kama reservoir. It is distinguished by a calm current, which is even more moderate in the lower reaches. The Trans-Siberian runs along the section of the left bank. Attraction - Molebskaya anomalous zone, popular among ufologists. Excavations were carried out in the Sylva basin. The archaeological site of Yelniki II, whose age is about 250 thousand years, was found.

The length of the river is 493 km

4. Colva

It flows in the Cherdynsky district. The banks are steep, they are typically covered by forests or meadows. Water is characterized by high transparency and purity. Kolva is variable in width. For example, near the confluence with the Vishera, it narrows as much as possible. Rocks and shallows make it difficult for ecotourism enthusiasts to travel along the riverbed. The natural attractions of the basin are the Boets Rock and the Divya Cave.

The length of the river is 460 km

5. Vishera

The left tributary of the Kama, which flows into the Kama reservoir. The coasts contrast with each other. On the one hand - a lowland, on the other - fragmentary overgrown rocks a few meters high. Explored deposits of diamonds. Regular passenger service in summer months. The upper part is part of the Vishera Reserve. For this reason, fishing in this area and just below is prohibited.

The length of the river is 415 km

6. Java

Left tributary of the Kama. The river belongs to the mountain-taiga type and originates on the Kvarkush ridge. The channel winds along its entire length, there are tributaries and bends. There are many rapids upstream. Forests, marshes and hills covered with typical taiga vegetation stretch along the coast. A dam was built near the village of the same name. Shortly before flowing into the Kama reservoir, the current almost stops.

The length of the river is 304 km

7. Kosva

Also applies to the Sverdlovsk region. The translation of the name is “shallow water”. Like a number of other tributaries of the Kama, it flows into the Kama reservoir. The largest city on the river is Gubakha. Kosva is suitable for long rafting. But it is better to go here for experienced tourists, about a week in the bosom wildlife in harsh conditions, not everyone will survive. The bite is good, the most valuable species are grayling and taimen.

The length of the river is 283 km

8. Scythe

The source is located near the border with the Kirov region. The shores are mostly low, there are wetlands. The current is weak, oxbow lakes are visible. A small pier was built near the village of Ust-Kosa. Fishermen are attracted by the natural spawning ground of the sterlet. In particularly shallow areas, care must be taken, sunken wood has accumulated at the bottom.

The length of the river is 267 km

9. Usva

It originates at the foot of Mount Khariusnaya. It is a left tributary of the Chusovaya. The most probable variation in the translation of the name is “water falling with noise”. The shores are rocky and uneven, covered with dense forests. There are sharp turns and forks in the channel. Fans of outdoor activities come to Usva from May to September for rafting. There are routes available for beginners, although there are also difficult sections.

The length of the river is 266 km

10. Veslana

It originates in the swamps of the Komi Republic. Although navigable for only 70 km of its length, it is important as a transport artery for the region. The largest of the 182 tributaries is the Chernaya River. The water level fluctuates throughout the year, with the highest in May. In high water it spreads widely. Fishing conditions depend on the season. The sterlet comes in, otherwise there are no valuable species.

The length of the river is 266 km

11. Inva

The source is the place of the watershed with the river Kolych. It is a right tributary of the Kama. It flows into one of the bays of the Kama reservoir. The riverbed meanders among swampy areas. There are also smooth bends, between which there are narrow sandy isthmuses. The bite is good, as is the diversity of the ichthyofauna. Sights: old water mills in the upper reaches and Chud settlements on the banks of the river itself and its tributaries.

The length of the river is 257 km

12. Obwa

The right tributary of the Kama, which flows into the reservoir of the same name. The largest settlement on the river is Karagay. It flows in open areas among meadows and plains. The ramifications of the channel are clearly visible, as well as sandy islands. The current is relatively calm, there are no boulders in the water or rapids. It is of little interest to tourists - lovers of hiking and rafting, but it is convenient for fishermen.

The length of the river is 247 km

13. Timshor

Another name is Timsher. It is a right tributary of the South Celtma. The shores are not inhabited, covered with spruce taiga. Beaver huts can be found along the riverbed. Initially, the river is narrow, but already in the middle course it gains depth and expands, and also forms bays. There are no specialized places for fishing, but you can stay with hunters. Grayling, perch and crucian are found in floodplain lakes and tributaries.

The length of the river is 235 km

14. Iren

Left tributary of the Sylva. The shores are not high, but in some places there are rocks up to 50 m high. The bite is better on the rifts. The village of Atnyaguzi is the only place in the region where you can catch trout. Although there are many entrances to the river, upstream there are deaf areas that can only be reached by swimming. Not far from the village of Nevolino there is an archaeological site - a burial mound.

The length of the river is 214 km

15. Pilva

A tributary of the Kama, flowing in the Cherdyn region. Its source is the confluence of North and South Pilv. A settlement of the same name was founded on the coast in the middle reaches. The channel winds, the banks are mostly covered with forest. The whole season, when the river is not ice-bound, is actively used for timber rafting. The main attraction of the area is the Pilvensky landscape reserve.

The length of the river is 214 km

16. Barda

Right tributary of the Sylva. The floodplain is deep, along the banks there are wooded hills and mountains. The spring current is much faster than in other seasons. However, the river does not overflow. There are picturesque sections of the channel, over which intertwining bushes of bird cherry hang. The stretches are overgrown with aquatic vegetation. Rafting is convenient both in spring and autumn. Some routes are only suitable for rubber boats.

The length of the river is 209 km

17. Birch

The left tributary of the Kolva, belonging to the Cherdynsky district. The beginning of Berezovaya is the confluence of 3 rivers at once. In the upper reaches it is 2-3 times narrower than in the lower. There are 3 villages on the coast. Those parts of the coast that are not covered with spruce-cedar taiga are colorful limestone outcrops on the rocks. The highest rock is Yeran, divided into 6 towers. Its height is 110 meters and its length is 400 meters.

The length of the river is 208 km

18. Velva

It flows in three districts of the region at once. It is a left tributary of the Inva. An adapted translation of the name is “originating on a hill”. The winding channel caused the river to change direction several times. The lower reaches are characterized by oxbows, and the upper reaches are characterized by limestone outcrops along the banks. Compared to other rivers in the region, there are relatively many settlements.

The length of the river is 199 km

19. Koiva

It originates in the tract Blue Swamp. The shores are inhabited, the areas free from settlements are covered with forests. The current is fast, there are rifts and rapids. A rafting route has been laid from the Warm Mountain to the Chusovskaya station. It is especially crowded here in May and June. In the middle of the river there are islands from the time when diamonds were mined in the channel. It is believed that in 1829 the first Ural diamond was found in the Koiva basin.

The length of the river is 180 km

20. Southern Celtma

One of the left tributaries of the Kama. The mouth is divided into several unequal branches. In the upper reaches it is narrower and more sinuous than in the lower reaches. In the past it was used for alloying trees. For a short time there was a canal connecting the river with the Northern Celtma. The bottom is sandy, there are shallows, the water is clear. Coastal hills are covered with forests of various densities. Pike, roach and ide peck well.

The length of the river is 172 km

21. Vilva

It originates in the west of the Ural Range. Left tributary of the Usva. Downstream lie the plains, higher up the mountainous terrain. It has several large tributaries, including the Vizhay. The bottom is sandy and rocky. The rocks along the coast are overgrown with forest. Fishing is year-round, it is better to catch other types of pike from a boat. Hiking is popular, as there are convenient places for setting up tents, a lot of berries and mushrooms.

The length of the river is 170 km

22. Grandmother

It flows through the territory of two districts of the region: Kungur and Perm. It flows into the Sylva near the city of Kungur. Copper and alabaster are mined in the river basin. Along the coast, the forest is partially cut down. The vacated space is overgrown with extensive raspberries and other types of berries. Biting in different parts of Babka differs both in intensity and in the species diversity of the ichthyofauna.

The length of the river is 162 km

23. Ulcer

Left tributary of the Vishera. It is formed by interlacing the Midday and Northern Yazva into one river. In the spring, it picks up the speed of the current, it becomes deeper. Summer is a period of drying up, and some zones become shallow, forming islands among streams. It is interesting to hike along the riverbed. You can explore the coastal caves, breathe fresh air in the numerous forests or pick berries in the summer.

The length of the river is 162 km

24. Silver

Occurs near Mount Podpora on the border with the Sverdlovsk region. The channel makes turns and curves, repeatedly crossing the border between Asia and Europe. Suitable for alloys in spring months. Only experienced lovers of water adventures will be able to cope with the fast current, numerous fallen trees, rapids and rifts. In the summer there is a good bite.

The length of the river is 147 km

25. Urolka

One of the tributaries of the Kama. meet in the pool dense forests and rare forest. Along the riverbed are small settlements. The lower reaches are characterized by oxbows and backwaters. The channel is winding along its entire length. Several large rivers flow into the Urolka, including the Kosva. Fishing is not as rich as in most of the region's reservoirs. At the same time, you can catch pike and perch all year round.

The length of the river is 140 km

26. Vizhay

It originates in the east of the region and flows into the Vilva. Belongs to mountain rivers, the current is fast. In May, fans of rafting on catamarans and kayaks come to Vizhay. The second category of difficulty has been assigned, so there is nothing for novice tourists to do here alone. If you arrive too early, then there is a risk of getting into an ice jam during the rafting.

The length of the river is 125 km

27. Tulva

Source in the south of the region. There are other names, like - Tol or Tolbuy. Flat river with early flood beginning in April. Sometimes it takes up to 30 days. The width of the river is changeable, in the middle course there are well-marked oxbow lakes. Included in the Kama basin. It flows into the Votkinsk reservoir. Of the settlements on the coast, only small villages.

The length of the river is 118 km

28. Lysva

Left tributary of the Chusovaya. There are several tributaries, especially large ones: Bursyak and Berezovka. The city of the same name stands on the river. There are railroad tracks along the left bank. A dam with a reservoir was built. They were needed for the full-fledged work of the local metallurgical plant. Fishing is year-round, the species diversity of the ichthyofauna is typical for the region.

The length of the river is 112 km

29. Midday Kondas

The source is located in the Kudymkar region. It flows into one of the bays of the Kama reservoir. The river has many smooth bends of the channel, as well as backwaters and oxbow lakes. The current speed is low, there are swampy areas. There are significantly more tributaries on the right side than on the left. Accessibility and shallow water affected the bite negatively. More often, fishermen prefer other water bodies.

The length of the river is 102 km

30. Kutamysh

The source is located 20 km from the city of Lysva. Most of the channel is in the forest belt. The Belaya and a number of smaller rivers flow into Kutamysh. There are several villages along the coast. At the confluence with the Kama reservoir, a bay is formed. In different parts of the flow there are different types fish. For example, on average, a burbot comes across and a pike perch is well caught.

The length of the river is 83 km

31. Kuva

It flows in the west of the region. It is a tributary of the Inva. The source belongs to the basin of the Chus River. The channel winds along its entire length. The dam formed in front of the mouth was called the Kuva Pond. The coast is quite densely populated, all the villages are small. Fish is found in Kuva, but there are almost no visitors on the shore: there are better places for fishing nearby.

The length of the river is 81 km

32. Gaiva

It flows through two districts of the region: Dobryansky and Krasnokamsky, as well as through Perm. The name translates as "cold water" or "bird water". Despite the existence within the city and the presence of enterprises nearby, the river is quite clean. It has 32 two tributaries, all shorter than 10 km. Fishermen mostly gather at the mouth. Here, among others, a large bream pecks.

The length of the river is 76 km

33. Chanwa

It flows in the Aleksandrovsky district of the region. The name can be translated as "frisky". There are impressive elevation changes along the entire course. The shores are hilly, covered with a forest belt. Best time for alloys - the period after ice drift. Among the natural beauties of the area, caves in the coastal remnant rocks stand out. For example, Chanvinskaya, Labyrinth or the cave of Underground hunters.

The length of the river is 70 km

34. Akchim

Refers to the northeast region. It originates on the Golden Stone Ridge. Mountain fast current for a third of the length of the channel. There are also rapids of varying difficulty in terms of patency. The closer the mouth, the less natural barriers and the calmer the water. Falls into Vishera. Sports events in rafting, as well as all-round events are held on an ongoing basis.

The length of the river is 60 km

35. Mulyanka

It flows in Perm. It originates near the village of Zvezdny. Unlike the other urban river Gaiva, it has environmental problems due to industrial enterprises and air pollution. Used for household purposes. Seven bridges were built across the Mulyanka. There is no shipping, and fishing is poor. But the locals warm weather rest on the coast.

The length of the river is 52 km

A river in the European part of Russia, the left and largest tributary of the Volga River.
It originates in the central part of the Verkhnekamsk Upland from four springs near former village Karpushat, now part of the village of Kuliga, Kezsky district of the Udmurt Republic. It flows mainly between the highlands of the High Trans-Volga region along a wide, sometimes narrowing valley. In the upper reaches (from the source to the mouth of the Pilva River), the channel is unstable and winding, on the floodplain of the old river. After the confluence of the Vishera River, it becomes a deep river; the banks change: the right one remains low and is predominantly meadow in nature, the left almost everywhere becomes elevated and in some places steep. There are many islands in this area, there are shoals and rifts. Below the confluence of the Belaya River at the Kama, the right bank becomes high and the left bank low. In the lower reaches of the Kama flows in a wide (up to 15 km) valley, the width of the channel is 450-1200 m; split into sleeves. Below the mouth of the Vyatka, the river flows into the Kama Bay of the Kuibyshev reservoir.
The main tributaries on the left are the Southern Keltma, Vishera with Kolva, Chusovaya with Sylva, Belaya with Ufa, Ik, Zai, Sheshma, Menzelya; on the right - Spit, Obva, Vyatka, Toima, Mesha. All the right tributaries of the Kama (Kosa, Urolka, Kondas, Inva, Lysva, Obva) and part of the left ones (Veslyana, Lunya, Leman, South Keltma) are flat rivers flowing from the north. Mountain, cold and swift rivers originate in the Ural Mountains and flow into the Kama on the left (Vishera, Yayva, Kosva, Chusovaya).
The river is inhabited by: sterlet, sturgeon, bream, carp, crucian carp, asp, silver bream, ide, chub, bleak, zander, perch, ruff, pike, burbot, catfish, etc.

- a river in the Middle Urals, the left tributary of the Kama.

It flows through the territory of the Chelyabinsk, Sverdlovsk regions and the Perm region of Russia. The river is interesting because it originates on the eastern slopes of the Ural Range, in Asia, crosses it and mainly flows along its western slopes, in the European part of Russia, twice passing from the Sverdlovsk region to the Perm region.
The length of Chusovaya is 592 km. Of these, Chusovaya flows through the Chelyabinsk region - 20 km, through the Sverdlovsk region - 377 km, along the Perm region - 195 km. The catchment area of ​​the river is 23,000 km².
The river originates on the eastern slopes of the Ural Range, in Asia, crosses it and mainly flows along its western slopes, in the European part of Russia, twice passing from the Sverdlovsk region to the Perm region. The decoration of Chusovaya are numerous rocks (stones) standing in places where the river crosses the mountain ranges. The picturesque coast of Chusovaya, the presence of numerous attractions have made it a popular tourist attraction in the Urals. Chusovaya takes its source in a swampy area in the north of the Chelyabinsk region, according to some sources, from the Big Chusovskoye Lake, according to others - from Surny Lake, near the Ufaley station and flows to the north. After 45 km, the river merges with the Western Chusovaya (it originates on the Ufaley Ridge, after which it flows for about 150 km along the eastern slope of the Ural Mountains). Here, the width of the riverbed varies from 10 to 13 m. In the upper reaches of the Chusovaya, it receives many tributaries, and the right ones are mostly larger and full-flowing. The river valley in the upper reaches is wide, the slopes are gentle. Between the tributary of the Revda and the village of Sloboda on the banks of the Chusovaya there are outcrops of crystalline schists formed as a result of the interaction of igneous and sedimentary rocks.
The width of the river in the middle reaches is 120-140 m. In the lower reaches, after the city of Chusovoy, after leaving the Ural Mountains, the river has a typically flat character. The speed of the river slows down, the channel expands in places up to 300 m: Chusovaya flows slowly, surrounded by water meadows, swamps, deciduous and mixed forests, sometimes describing wide bends. The river flows into the Chusovskaya Bay of the Kama reservoir, formed during the construction of the Kama hydroelectric power station, 693 km from the mouth of the Kama, a little higher than the city of Perm. The feeding of the river is mixed, with a predominance of snow (55%). Rain water is 29%, underground 18%. The bottom of the river throughout its length is mostly rocky, pebbly. Chusovaya usually freezes in late October-early December, opens in April-early May. The lower reaches of the river are characterized by ice jams and jams with a rise in the water level up to 2.8 m.

- a river in the Sverdlovsk region and the Perm region of Russia.
Length 493 km, basin area 19,700 km². It originates on the western slope of the Middle Urals, flows mainly to the west. It flows into the Chusovskaya Bay of the Kama Reservoir.
The river is full of water, the water is clear, the course is moderate, calm in the lower reaches. The channel is very winding, with many rifts and shoals. In the basin of the lower Sylva, karst is widely developed (for example, the Kungurskaya, Zakurinskaya, Serginskaya caves, etc.). In the area of ​​the village of Serga, the Sylvensky Bay of the Kama Reservoir begins.
Meals are mixed, with a predominance of snow. The average water flow in 45 km from the mouth is 139 m³/s. Freezes at the end of October - beginning of November, zazhory are characteristic, it opens in the second half of April.
Main left tributaries: Vogulka, Irgina, Iren, Babka and Kishertka; right - Barda, Shakva, Lyok and Molebka.
Navigable for 74 km from the mouth.
On the left bank of the Sylva is the so-called "Molebskaya anomalous zone".

- a river in the Perm Territory of Russia, the left tributary of the Kama River (flows into the Vishera Bay of the Kama Reservoir).
Length - 415 km, basin area - 31,200 km². The average height of the river catchment is 317 meters. The average slope of the river is 0.2 m/km.
The fifth longest river in the Perm Territory, one of the most picturesque rivers in the Urals. It starts in the northeast of the region, on the border with the Komi Republic and the Sverdlovsk region. It flows mainly along the foothills of the Urals, having for the most part the character of a fast mountain river flowing in a narrow valley; many shoals and rapids. Karst phenomena are common in the basin.
The right source of the Vishera - Malaya Vishera - originates on the Yany-Emta ridge, the left - Bolshaya Vishera - from the spurs of Porimongit-Ur, one of the peaks of the Poyasovy Kamen ridge, on the very border of the Komi Republic, the Sverdlovsk Region and the Perm Territory. The sources are separated by the Vishera Stone and merge at the northern foot of Army Mountain.
Vishera from the source to the mouth of the Uls River - stormy mountain river with lots of twists. Its width here is up to 70 meters.
The middle Vishera - from the mouth of the Uls to the mouth of the Kolva - is a river up to 150 meters wide with many rifts and reaches. The river valley here is expanding significantly, but there are still many coastal cliffs.
The Lower Vishera (from the confluence of the Kolva to the confluence of the Vishera into the Kama) is a flat river, overflowing in places up to 900 meters.
Throughout the course in the channel and along the banks - rocks and stones, many rifts. Vishera is characterized by high floods, rain floods and low summer low water. The main left tributaries of the Vishera are Niols, Capelin, Vels, Uls, Yazva, Akchim; the main right ones are Lopya, Lypya, Vaya, Kolva.
Meals are mixed, with a predominance of snow. It freezes in late October - early November, opens in late April. Floating. Regular passenger service to the city of Krasnovishersk. There are diamond deposits in the Vishera basin.
The Vishera Nature Reserve is located in the upper reaches.

- a river in the Perm region of Russia, flows through the territory of the Cherdyn region, the fourth in length and the largest right tributary of the Vishera (Kama basin).
It starts in the northeast of the region near the border of the Komi Republic, on the southeastern slope of Mount Kolvinsky Kamen (575 m above sea level), flows mainly along the western slope of the Northern Urals and flows into the Vishera above Ryabinino, 34 km from the mouth. The length of the river is 460 km.
Main tributaries: left: Berezovaya, right: Visherka.
Roach, perch, pike, grayling live in the river.

- mountain-taiga river in the Perm region, the left tributary of the Kama.
It starts from the confluence of the Northern Yaiva and Midday Yaiva near the border of the Sverdlovsk region, west of the Typyl river valley. It flows into the Kama reservoir south of the city Berezniki, forming a bay.
Length - 304 km.
In the upper reaches of the Yaiva is a shallow mountain river with rifts and rapids. Along the banks there is spruce-fir taiga, pine forests, swamps.
Main tributaries: left: Gub, Abia, Kad, Chikman, Chanva, Vilva, Usolka, right: Ulvich, Ik.
The river is inhabited by roach, perch, pike, grayling, bream, taimen, chub, asp..

- a river in the Perm region, the left tributary of the Kama.
It begins in the west of the Sverdlovsk region from the confluence of two sources: Bolshaya Kosva, flowing from Pavdinsky Stone, and Malaya Kosva, flowing from the southern slope of Kosvinsky Stone. It flows into the Kama reservoir, forming a bay. The length of the river is 283 km. Main tributaries: left: Kyrya, Bolshaya Oslyanka, Vilva. right: Tylai, Typyl, Nyar.
Kosva is a mountain river with a fast current, numerous rifts and rapids, among which the Tulymsky threshold stands out with a length of more than 6 km.
The shores are covered with forest. The right one is steep and rocky, the left one is indented with bays.
Roach, perch, pike, grayling, bream, taimen, and ruff live in the river.

- a river in the Perm Territory, the right tributary of the Kama. Length - 267 km. The mouth of the river is located near the village of Ust-Kosa. Bream, pike perch, asp, pike, roach, chub, burbot, perch live in the river.

River in the Komi Republic and the Perm Territory, the left tributary of the Kama. The catchment area is located on the territory of the eastern tip of the Northern Uvals in the heavily swampy Veslyanskaya lowland. The length is 266 km. From the village of Keross to the village of Ust-Chernaya, the width of the river is 30-35 m, near the village of Badya - 60-100 m, in the lower reaches - up to 100 m. Bream, pike, roach, burbot, perch, chub, gudgeon, ruff live in the river.

- a river in the Perm Territory, the right tributary of the Kama. The length of the river is 257 km. The source of the Inva is located on the Verkhnekamskaya Upland near the border Kirov region. The river flows through the territory of the Komi-Permyatsky district and flows into the Kama reservoir, forming the Invensky Bay. The river is inhabited by bream, pike, roach, burbot, perch, gudgeon, ruff.

Obva- a river in the Perm Territory, the right tributary of the Kama. It begins in the forests of the Verkhnekamsk Upland in the north-west of the Sivinsky District of the Perm Territory, near the border of the Kirov Region. It flows into the Kama 780 km from the mouth, forming the Obvinsky Bay of the Kama reservoir. The length is 247 km. The largest tributaries: left: Yazva; Nerdva; right: Siwa; Bub; Lysva Bream, pike, roach, burbot, perch, ruff live in the river.

- a river in the Perm region, the left tributary of the Vilva. The Vizhay River begins in the east of the region, west of the Koiva valley and flows into the Vilva 28 km from its mouth. The length of the Vizhay River is 125 km, the total catchment area is 1080 km2, the average catchment height is 375 m. The average slope is 2.2 m/km. It breaks from the ice at the very end of April - beginning of May. The main tributaries of the Vizhay are the rivers Kosaya, Skalnaya (left tributaries), Pashiyka, Rassolnaya (right tributaries).