Grenade reflection system. Time for new cruise missiles

Miracle rockets of the Russian Federation - a new generation missile system S-10 "Garnet"

My article "Putin's Missile Surprise" unexpectedly received a very wide distribution and gathered a lot of reader comments on the net.

Among the readers (and this pleases!) There were many very competent and corrosive specialists, some of whom, after reading the article, complained to the author that he (that is, I), speaking about the revolutionary nature of the new missile system, kept silent about something.

Namely: saying that earlier only ballistic missiles 81R, 83R, 84R and their modifications were used from torpedo tubes with a diameter of 533 mm, I did not mention the S-10 Granat missile system, which included the 3M10 CRBD, designed specifically for launching of these TAs.

It's true, I take it. Wishing to emphasize the breakthrough nature of Putin's "missile surprise", I was somewhat disingenuous. However, this is my (I hope, forgivable) cunning does not change the essence of the matter.

Judge for yourself.

There was indeed an attempt to create a Soviet Tomahawk (a long-range cruise missile for the Soviet Navy, in response to the corresponding American CRBD). Back in the late 60s, as a result of research under the code name "Echo", it was established that it was possible to overcome the enemy's air defense and missile defense system with subsonic cruise missiles "with their massive use", as well as using the "counter detonation" technique, t .e. destruction of enemy air defense and missile defense systems nuclear explosions in order to clear a corridor for other attacking CRs.

The development of a torpedo-missile system was started by the Design Bureau "Malakhit" ( chief designer- L.A. Podvyaznikov) in 1975. The complex was intended to solve operational and strategic tasks in the continental theater of operations by defeating administrative-political and large military-industrial centers with coordinates known in advance. The complex provided combat use at any time of the day and year, in any weather conditions, in mountainous and difficult terrain.

In 1976, tests of the rocket were started, which later received the name 3M10 "Granat". It was supposed to launch from a 533-mm torpedo tube, had a flight range of up to 2,000 km, and was armed with a nuclear warhead with a capacity of up to 200 kt. This missile was supposed to be included in the ammunition load of nuclear submarines of projects 671, 671RT, 671RTM, 667A, 670, 670M and 971.

The S-10 Granat missile system was put into service in 1985. By the end of 1988 (according to Western data), about 100 3M10 Granat missiles were deployed on submarines of the USSR Navy.

The main performance characteristics of this missile are as follows:


The length of the rocket with the starting solid propellant rocket engine - 8090 mm;

Wingspan - 3300 mm;

Rocket fuselage diameter - 510 mm;

Range - up to 2000 km;

Cruising speed: - 720 km / h;

Ceiling cruising - 15-200 m;

Launch depth - 40 m.

Unfortunately, the USSR did not have time to fully deploy the "Granat". In 1989, in accordance with the Soviet-American agreements, from the armaments of the fleets of both countries (with the exception of strategic forces- RPK SN) munitions with nuclear warheads were withdrawn. Accordingly, the 3M10 missiles of the Granat complex were removed from all carriers and deposited. And the high-explosive warhead for the "Grenade", which would allow the complex to remain in service, was not developed, because the accuracy of the missile hitting the target was insufficient for its confident defeat.

And now the commander Black Sea Fleet reported to the President of Russia that long-range cruise missiles - missiles of a new generation - are returning to the ammunition load Russian fleet! At the same time, it goes without saying that they are returning with qualitatively new characteristics, both in the field of overcoming missile defense and in the accuracy of hitting a target.

So, if the Granata missiles could overcome the enemy’s missile defense only with massive use and in the nuclear version, then new missiles, judging by the fact that the number of their carriers, which is supposed to be deployed in the southern theater of operations, is very small (7 submarines on the Black Sea and 9 RTOs in the Caspian) have exceptional, "surgical" accuracy and the ability to force the enemy's missile defense.

In addition, if the "Granat" could only hit fixed targets with known coordinates, then the new generation of Russian missiles is able to retarget during the flight and thus hit even moving targets.

And, of course, the fact that the new missile system with CRBD becomes universal and can be installed on any carrier, both underwater and surface, radically increases its effectiveness. combat use. (There is even the option of placing on civilian ships, in a standard cargo container, for camouflage).

As for the range of the new missile, Admiral Vitko did not exactly name it. He only said that it "exceeds 1500 km." So maybe two or three thousand...

So the main conclusion of the article - that the adoption of this new missile system will radically change the balance of power in a vast geopolitical region from Kabul and Baghdad to Rome and Warsaw - remains valid!

PLA pr.971, which includes S-10 "Granat" ammunition

Missile carrier 3M10 "Granat" - SSGN pr.667AT

From the Soviet Navy, the Russian Navy inherited excess capabilities to combat surface targets. But anti-aircraft functions are not as relevant today as they were in the 1970s and 1980s. The ability of the fleet to destroy ground targets, especially fortified ones, is limited. If coastal radio-contrast targets are still accessible to heavy Russian anti-ship missiles, then in the depths of the territory of a potential enemy they are achievable only for submarine ballistic missiles, which excludes the participation of the fleet in a local conflict.

Measures to create a new generation of strategic cruise missiles(CR) in the USA started in the early 70s. On December 17, 1971, a program called the SLCM (Sea-Launched Cruise Missile) was launched, and in March 1983, a US Navy spokesman announced that after three years of intensive flight tests, the BGM-109A missile had reached operational readiness and is recommended for adoption.

Kh-55SM - air-launched subsonic cruise missile

Chief rocket designer Robert Aldridge, chief engineer at General Dynamics, described his product in Nation magazine in the article "The Pentagon on the Warpath" (March 27, 1982):

« The strategic version of the missile is designed to fly at Mach 0.7 the maximum possible distance at an altitude of twenty thousand feet. For a rocket, this is considered low speed, but it offers the greatest fuel savings and therefore a longer range.

The inertial guidance system that controls the autopilot during flight is periodically rebuilt to take into account changing conditions using a sensor called TERCOM (Terrain Contour Matching, that is, tracking the terrain). It allows you to follow a pre-programmed route with such, one might say, deadly accuracy that the missile is able to destroy targets, even super-protected and practically inaccessible to more powerful missiles such as intercontinental ballistic missiles.

When a missile reaches enemy territory, the targeting system brings it to such a low altitude that it allows it to avoid radar detection, and even if the radar detects the target, the Tomahawk on the screen will look like a seagull. Within 500 miles of the target, the missile descends to a height of only 50 feet while accelerating to Mach 1.2 for the final throw.».

A little behind the Americans

The deployment of "Tomahawks" in the period from 1982 to 1991 went according to a certain plan. Of the nearly 4,000 missiles ordered by the Pentagon, about 2,000 are on board US Navy ships, 385 of them are nuclear (TLAM-N), 179 are on surface ships, and 206 are on submarines. Five surface and ten submarine ships were equipped with new weapons annually.

By the end of 1990, 27 surface ships and 37 submarines were equipped with Tomahawks.. These missiles were included in the ammunition load of only nuclear submarines (PLAT) of the Los Angeles type. Boats SSN 703 Boston, SSN 704 Baltimore, SSN 705 City of Corpus Christi, SSN 706 Albuquerque, SSN 707 Portsmouth, SSN 708 Minneapolis St. Paul, SSN 709 Hyman Rickover ”, SSN 710 Augusta received four Tomahawks TLAM-N and the same number of anti-ship TLAM-Bs, the rest received six TLAM-Ns and two TLAM-Bs, or six and six for boats starting from SSN 719 Providence ", equipped with a vertical launcher Mk 45. This was the composition missile weapons PLAT type "Los Angeles" until the early 90s.

The composition of the missile armament of surface ships turned out to be different: for Iowa-class battleships - eight TLAM-N and 24 conventional TLAM-C, cruisers of the Ticonderoga type - six TLAM-N and 20 TLAM-C.

In the Soviet Navy, armament with analogues of nuclear "Tomahawks" - 3K10 "Granat" missiles of nuclear submarines of the third and fourth generations began with a small (one and a half to two years) lag behind the Americans. Surface ships did not receive the Granat complex.

The technical project for the conversion of a nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine (SSBN) of project 667A into a nuclear-powered cruise missile submarine (SSGN) of project 667AT ("Grusha") was created by the central design bureau marine equipment "Rubin". A ship of this type is designed to strike at military, industrial and administrative facilities on enemy territory with subsonic strategic cruise missiles RK-55 of the Granat complex.

KR was launched from torpedo tubes (TA), in which it is located with folded wing consoles, a docked launch booster and a sealed main engine. Before starting, the TA is filled with water from the annular gap, and to open the front cover, the water pressure in it is compared with the outboard one. After the rocket leaves the TA, the launch accelerator is launched, with the help of which it is brought to the surface. At the same time, the wing consoles open and the mid-flight turbojet engine (TRD) starts to work, and the starting accelerator is separated.

Initially, it was planned to use second and third generation SSBNs as carriers of the Granat complex, as well as upgraded Project 667A SSBNs, withdrawn from the naval strategic nuclear forces in accordance with the SALT-1 Treaty. On the latter, instead of the cut out shafts for ballistic missiles, a block of two compartments was inserted. In the first (stern) there were eight vertical 533-mm TTs (four on board, located at an angle of 15 degrees to the center plane of the ship). In the second - a container with racks for 24 missiles of the Granat complex (total ammunition - 32 missiles, eight of which are in the TA) and fast reloading devices for the TA.

Until the end of 1990, eight PLATs of project 671RTMK (Victor 3) - K-254, K-292, K-298, K-358, K-244, K-292, K-388, K-264, two boats the fourth generation of project 971 (Akula) - K-284, K-263 (four missiles per boat) and two SSGNs of project 667AT - K-253, K-423.

In the fall of 1991, George W. Bush and Mikhail Gorbachev signed an agreement to dismantle tactical nuclear weapons. On September 27 of the same year, Bush announced that the United States was withdrawing and dismantling its land-based tactical weapons, including missiles with a range of up to 300 miles (500 km), from the territory of third countries, as well as tactical nuclear weapons stationed on US Navy ships.

In total, a little more than 2,000 non-strategic nuclear chargers were removed from the territory of third countries - 850 W-70 warheads of Lance tactical missiles and 1,300 artillery shells of 155 mm W-48 and 203 mm W-33 caliber. All tactical nuclear warheads and their missile carriers, nuclear Tomahawks (TLAM-N are classified as tactical weapons in the American classification), SUBROC and ASROC anti-submarine missiles, totaling about 500 warheads, have been removed from the Navy ships. The nuclear cellars of aircraft carriers were also devastated by almost 900 B57 bombs.

On October 5, 1991, Soviet President Gorbachev took a retaliatory step by getting rid of 15,000 Soviet tactical nuclear charges and their carriers, including from about 100 Soviet Navy RK-55 missiles. It is from this moment that the most interesting begins. The fact is that in the Soviet arsenal, the RK-55 or its aviation version of the Kh-55 ( we are talking actually about the same product) was the only strategic CD, so its conventional (non-nuclear) version was not even planned initially, at the design stage.

In service Soviet Air Force, aviation long range, the Navy and even ground forces consisted of more than twenty types of CR. All of them were not strategic in essence, since they had a maximum launch range of up to 600 km, even those that had strategic carriers.

In 1979, at the initiative of the Soviet side, a clause was included in the SALT-2 Treaty, which, as it were, established a limit - the border between the strategic and non-strategic KR. Formally, only the RK-55 was classified as strategic; it never occurred to anyone to create a conventional version of the RK-55. Combat missions for such missiles at that time simply did not exist.

In the American army, more precisely, only in the Navy, only the Harpoon short-range anti-ship missiles were in service, and even that was being developed at the same time as the Tomahawk. As a result, the Soviet Navy remained unarmed, and the American naval forces received unlimited opportunities to develop their conventional (essentially strategic) missile weapons.

The fourth generation of "Tomahawks"

Today, the fourth-generation Tomahawk cruise missiles are in service with the US Navy. The latest modification of the RGM / UGM-109E Tac Tom Block 4 (tactical Tomahawk) was offered to the fleet in 1998 by Raytheon as a cheap replacement for the previous generation of missiles.

The main goal of the Tac Tom program was a rocket that would be significantly, almost three times cheaper ($569,000) to manufacture than the previous TLAM-C/D Block 3 model (about $1.5 million). The body of the rocket, including the aerodynamic surfaces, is almost entirely made of carbon fiber materials. The number of stabilizer feathers has been reduced from four to three. The rocket is powered by a cheaper Williams F415-WR-400/402 turbofan engine. The disadvantage of the new product was the impossibility of firing through a torpedo tube.

The guidance system has new capabilities for identifying targets and retargeting in flight. The missile can be re-programmed in flight via satellite (Ultra High Frequency) communications for any 15 pre-defined additional targets. The missile has the technical ability to barrage in the area of ​​​​the intended target for three and a half hours at a distance of 400 km from the launch point until it receives a command to hit the target, or it can be used as an unmanned aerial vehicle for additional reconnaissance of an already hit target. The total order of the Navy for new rocket in the period from 1999 to 2015 amounted to more than three thousand units.

Nearly 3,500 Tomahawks are in the arsenal of the modern US Navy.. These are mainly RGM / UGM-109E Block 4 missiles. About 100 more BGM-109A and W80 Mod 0 warheads were stored at the Bangor Naval Base until the end of 2012. The warheads have been transferred from active reserve to passive and the dismantling process has begun. The missiles were converted to the RGM/UGM-109C/D variant of the Block 3 series. After that, the total number of missiles of the obsolete Block 3 series in the arsenal reached a thousand. Over the past quarter century, in the course of local conflicts that the Americans waged almost all over the world, two thousand missiles have been used up. About 500 more units were transferred to test launches.

Estimated maximum range The flight of the CD is different from the operating one. In fact, in combat conditions, the flight of the CD takes place along a complex route, part of which goes at low altitude with a large (2–2.5 times) fuel consumption. This suggests that the estimate of the maximum range of the Tomahawk CR at 3400 km corresponds to a straight-line flight of the CR at high altitude. In reality, this value should be reduced by about 26%. The operational range of the KR is highly dependent on its profile.

Thus, the operational range of 2500 km for the nuclear Tomahawk does not mean that it is unable to hit targets at distances of 3000 or 3200 km (although for the RK-55 3000 km is actually the maximum range). But in difficult operational conditions, such as dense saturation of the target area with air defense systems, and 2500 kilometers may be unattainable.

Meanwhile, the Soviet KR 3M-10, even with a slightly shorter range, provided full coverage of the main targets in the United States, which can be provided by launches of sea-based cruise missiles (SLCMs) with an operating range of up to 2,500 kilometers.

Bet on CR X-101/102

Western experts often say that the United States is more vulnerable to SLCMs than Russia, since most of the American metropolitan areas are located near the coast. Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic. But a huge part of Russia is also vulnerable, given the range of modern American CD.

Using the range changes given in Table No. 2 depending on the flight altitude and speed, it is possible to determine the optimal speed (OS) of the rocket as a function of the height and weight of the propellant. OS subsonic CD "Tomahawk" when flying above sea level varies between M=0.45 and M=0.61. A constant speed M=0.55 will result in a longer flight range. However, at a flight altitude of 6.1 kilometers, M=0.75 will give the maximum range, since for the main part of the flight the OS will exceed M=0.7.

It can be concluded that exactly as the chief designer of the Tomahawk described in his article, the optimal flight profile and aerodynamic parameters of the CR flight to the target look like. Today it is already a classic.

Already in the process of developing the RK-55 / Kh-55 missiles, it became clear that both the R-95-300 and the TRDD-50 engines have excess thrust for the selected dimension, limited by the standard Soviet 21-inch torpedo tube 533x8200 mm. The conclusion suggested itself: for these engines it is necessary to make a large rocket.

Tu-95MS can carry up to 8 KR X-101 on an external sling

On March 20, 2012, Russian Defense Minister Anatoly Serdyukov, in a speech at an expanded meeting of the collegium of the Ministry of Defense, stated that the Russian Armed Forces had received a new long-range air-launched cruise missile Kh-101/102.

In the author's opinion, the Dubna machine-building design bureau "Raduga" made a very successful rocket, and this program should be given priority. KR X-101 is capable of hitting targets at a distance of up to 5 thousand kilometers with a circular probable deviation of only 5-6 meters. It is on this CD, and not the small-sized 3M-14, that it is necessary to stake in the rearmament of the Navy, both for submarines and for surface ships. It is necessary to develop a naval version of the X-101, repacking the missile into a cylindrical body for a 26-inch torpedo tube, and equip it with a starting solid-propellant booster.

In addition to TA PLATES, the rocket will freely, without altering the ship's launch architecture, "lie" in any launcher Soviet large-sized anti-ship missiles - SM-225A of the Granat complex, SSGN of project 949A, SM-233A on missile cruisers of project 1144, PU SM-248 of the Vulkan complex of missile cruisers of project 1164. Taking into account the low cost of the missiles themselves, bring the total arsenal to two thousand units within two to three years is quite realistic.

Ministry of Defense of Russia for the disposal in the Northern Fleet of 60 3M10 strategic cruise missiles of the 3K10 Granat missile system (in the tender documentation for some reason - apparently for some "secretive" reasons - they are named " anti-ship missiles").

Recall that the sea-based missile system 3K10 ( S-10) "Pomegranate" with cruise missile strategic purpose 3M10 (KS-122), designed to be used from 533-mm submarine torpedo tubes to destroy enemy administrative and industrial centers with coordinates known in advance, was developed Sverdlovsk machine-building design bureau Novator and adopted by the Soviet Navy on December 31, 1983 (according to known data, the actual delivery of serial missiles to the fleet began only in 1987) . The 3M10 missile had a nuclear warhead and in fact was an analogue of the American naval strategic cruise missile BGM-109A Tomahawk TLAM-N. According to the informal "politically binding" Soviet-American agreements in the fall of 1991, all strategic cruise missiles with nuclear warheads were removed from the ships of both sides and stockpiled by the mid-1990s. It is believed that all American CD TLAM-Ns have been converted to non-nuclear variants since the late 1990s.

Cruise missile RK-55 (3M10) of the Soviet strategic ground-based mobile missile system 3K12 "Relief" before being destroyed during the implementation of the Treaty on Intermediate-Range and Shorter-Range Missiles. Jelgava (Latvia), October 1988. The 3M10 missiles of the 3K12 "Relief" ground-based missile system were almost identical to the missiles of the 3K10 "Granat" ship-based missile system (c) SERJ/offtop.ru/militaryrussia.ru

Original taken from a colleague twower in Disposal of anti-ship missiles

Ministry of Defense continues the recycling of old anti-ship missiles ZM-10, which were used in the 80s on Soviet submarines, began earlier.

The main goal is recycling in full missile weapons, his constituent parts and elements of weapons and military equipment (hereinafter referred to as RAV) released earlier (removed from service, exhausted resource indicators, having expired service life, unusable in technical condition, obsolete, having no further purpose for the defense of the state).

Utilization of RAV is carried out within the framework of the federal target program " Industrial disposal weapons and military equipment for 2011-2016 and for the period up to 2020”.

For the disposal of products of the RAV range containing explosives, the main methods can be used:

Preliminary disassembly (with separation of explosive elements from components);

Destruction of means of explosion and ignition, pyrotechnic means by burning in armored furnaces;
-burning out large explosive charges.

For the disposal of equipment and blocks containing information constituting state secret(TM equipment 3P-11.0300-01, AB-51-1, A065MA) break interblock links and demilitarize by crushing into small fragments.

S-10 Garnet (3M-10; SS-N-21 Sampson) - sea-based KR

A subsonic small-sized strategic cruise missile, which flies around the terrain at low altitude, is designed to be used against important strategic enemy targets with coordinates previously explored. A modification of the missile is the RK-55 GRANAT missile (according to NATO classification SS-N-21 Sampson). The GRANAT cruise missile is designed to destroy enemy ground targets and has a firing range of up to 3,000 km. It can be equipped with a nuclear warhead with a capacity of 200 kt. Rocket control in flight initial stage carried out by a passive guidance system. When approaching the target at a given range, turns on active system homing.
To destroy enemy submarines, ships and vessels, the nuclear submarine is equipped with Novator-1 (SS-N-15 Snarfish) and Novator-2 (SS-N-16 Stallion) anti-ship missiles. The Novator-1 anti-ship missiles are launched from torpedo tubes of 533 mm caliber, the target engagement range is 45 km. The Novator-2 anti-ship missiles are launched from 650mm torpedo tubes, the range of hitting targets is up to 100km. These anti-ship missiles can be equipped with a nuclear warhead or an outboard universal torpedo. The presence of several types of torpedoes allows you to effectively destroy enemy submarines and surface ships and vessels.

Ship complex anti-ship missiles
Rocket RK-55
Type PU - TA 533mm
Carrier - PL
Range - 3000 km
Speed ​​- 0.7 M
Warhead type - nuclear
Length - 8.09 m
Diameter - 0.51 m
Wingspan - 3.3 m
Starting weight - 1.7 t
INS + terrain

In the 70s. in the United States, building on the progress made in creating
miniature highly economical air-jet engines, began the development of small-sized subsonic strategic air and sea-based cruise missiles. The latter were supposed to be launched from standard 533 mm torpedo tubes, fly at low altitude and hit ground targets with nuclear warheads at ranges up to 2000 - 2500 km with relatively high accuracy (CEP less than 200 m). The emergence of new highly effective weapons threatened to upset the balance already established between the superpowers in the field of strategic nuclear weapons.
weapons. This required the Soviet side to look for an "adequate" answer. The branch science and industry were tasked with assessing the technical feasibility and military expediency of creating strategic cruise missiles similar to the American Tomahawk-type cruise missile.
The analysis showed that the task can be solved within five to six years, however, the opinions of experts were divided regarding the advisability of carrying out such work: many considered it unnecessary to create strategic CD, since they would be significantly inferior to ballistic missiles in the ability to overcome the enemy's missile defense system, while requiring significant government
appropriations for the creation and development of the infrastructure that ensures their use. In particular, for the KR, it was necessary to create digital terrain maps of the territory of potential enemies and powerful computing centers necessary for processing and entering information about the terrain along the flight routes into missile guidance systems. Their relative simplicity and cheapness spoke in favor of the CD,
the possibility of using various (including not specially designed) carriers, as well as a high probability of overcoming enemy air defenses due to the low-altitude flight profile and low radar visibility. It was necessary to take into account the fact that in order to successfully repulse a massive strike of Soviet cruise missiles, the United States would need to create a missile defense system, the costs of which were several times higher than the cost of deploying the KR group.
As a result, the leadership of the USSR in 1976 made a fundamental decision to develop strategic air, sea and land-based cruise missiles. At the same time, it was supposed to create sea cruise missiles of two types - small-sized, subsonic, capable of launching from TA submarines, and larger, supersonic, launching from special vertical launchers. Creation of a subsonic cruise missile RK-55 "Granat", which is an analogue American missile"Tomahawk", was entrusted to the Sverdlovsk NPO "Innovator", headed by L.V. Lyulyev. The development of the KR was started in 1976. In 1984, four years later than the American counterpart ("Tomahawk"), the missile was put into service.
To ensure the combat use of missiles equipped with an extreme correlation guidance system in the Navy, a special computer center was created for the formation of digital maps of the area of ​​​​proposed theaters of military operations and the development of flight missions. The equipment for the control system of the missile, the submarine, and the coastal computer center was developed by the Research Institute of Aviation Instrumentation (director and chief designer A. S. Abramov).
The first ships to be equipped with the Granat missile defense system were Project 667AT submarine cruisers (Pear), created on the basis of Project 667A submarines. Boats of this type, in accordance with the Soviet-American strategic arms limitation treaty, should be withdrawn from the fleet with the missile compartment cut out, after which their further use was allowed.
As a result of the modernization carried out in Severodvinsk, a missile compartment was cut out from the submarines and a new one was welded in instead, in which 4 533-mm torpedo tubes were located on each side, installed (for the first time in domestic submarine shipbuilding) at an angle to the ship's DP. During the modernization, the ships received an improved navigation system
"Tobol-6b7AT", BIUS "Omnibus-AT" and a number of other new or modernized systems. The power plant and the main general ship systems remained virtually unchanged.
Strategic cruise missile RK-55 "Granat" has starting weight 1700 kg, length 8.09 m and hull diameter 0.51 m. It is equipped with a turbojet propulsion engine and a solid-propellant launch booster. Cruising speed corresponds to M=0.7, maximum range -3000 km, guidance system - inertial, with extreme terrain correlation.
The missile creation program was implemented in the following terms: beginning - mid-1976, completion - mid-1982, adoption - December 31, 1983. As a result, an original aircraft with a folding wing and empennage, as well as a two-circuit turbojet engine, located inside the fuselage and pulled down, was created.
made according to the normal aerodynamic configuration with a straight wing of relatively large elongation, retractable into the fuselage in the non-operating position. The engine is located on a retractable ventral pylon (in the non-working position it is also located inside the rocket). The design of the rocket implemented measures to reduce radar and thermal visibility. The missile uses an inertial guidance system with position correction based on the principle of comparison with the terrain map entered into the onboard computer before launch. The missile guidance system is one of the significant differences between this cruise missile and previous aircraft weapon systems. This ensured the autonomous flight of the rocket, regardless of the length, weather conditions etc. For these purposes, appropriate cartographic software (digital maps of the area) was produced.