Drill chuck - problems when replacing, repairing and how to solve them. How to remove a keyless chuck from a drill How to remove a drill chuck from a drill

In the instruments of any home master a drill must be present. True, sometimes it becomes necessary to remove the cartridge from it. As a rule, such a problem occurs when the device breaks down.

Any craftsman who understands at least a little in technology can complete this task. But for a person who has never experienced this, it can become big problem. To easily remove a part from a drill, you first need to learn the principles of its fastening, and only then proceed to replace it.

• Quick-release types;
• Collet SDS devices;
• Cam types.

In quick-clamping elements, it will be possible to change a bit or drill in seconds, without using any additional tools. They are divided into one- and two-coupling types.

In the latter version, to attach the drill, you have to hold the sleeve with one hand, and screw the other with the other. Single-sleeve chucks have a shaft locking system that is activated when the tooling is changed. The disadvantage of such products is low fixation strength drills In addition, the use of plastic parts significantly increases the risk of damage to the cartridge.

It is better to put cam chucks on impact drills and rotary hammers. They are stronger, so they are often used to work in difficult conditions. Plastic elements are not installed in such products, and the snap-ins are fastened with a special key.

There are also SDS collet chucks that were created in the 70s of the last century. In the shank of this design there are two grooves, the size of which is 10 mm.

In this system, part of the drill has to be screwed into a 40 mm chuck. It is fixed with locking balls. In addition, in the construction has 4 grooves, of which 2 are fixing, and the rest are used for guide wedges. The spindle of the instrument equipped with this design is automatically locked immediately after installation.

Mounting methods

In any drilling tool, the chuck is fixed on the shaft in two ways: on a cone and using a threaded mount.

In the latter version, there is an inch or metric thread on the inner channel and the shaft of the drill. In such a situation, when repairing, many often have the question of how to change the cartridge for a drill. You can find out the type of thread and its characteristics on the body. For example, if 1-15M13x1.3 is stamped, then it means:

• M13 - metric thread diameter;
• 1.3 - her step;
• 1 and 15 - the maximum and minimum size of the drill shank.

When an inch thread is used, the UNF designation is marked. Therefore, before changing the product, it is necessary to check whether the mounting dimensions correspond to the marking. Now almost all drills have an inch thread.

For the strength of the connection, a locking screw is mounted on the shaft inside the device. It has a left-hand thread, in other words, it should be unscrewed clockwise.

Another fixation option is morse taper application. The end of the motor shaft is made in the form of a cone. The inner channel has the same conical part. Install the cartridge on the cone of the shaft. These elements are marked as B 10, B 12, B 16, and also B 18. This method is especially popular in screwdrivers.

You will need a screwdriver to remove it. She unscrews the screw screwed into the spindle of the tool and installed inside the product. Then it rolls off the spindle. As mentioned above, the internal screw has a left-hand thread, therefore, it rotates clockwise. True, the cartridge is unscrewed counterclockwise, since, on the contrary, it has a right-hand thread.

If the screw does not want to loosen, tap on it through a screwdriver with a hammer. Difficulties with the cartridge should not arise, it gets out easily. Although if difficulties arise, you can use an open-end wrench and a gas wrench. Attach the spindle to the drill first, and wrap the chuck last.

In addition, when the clamping jaws function on the chuck, a thicker hexagon can be installed to turn it out. You also need to secure the spindle with an open-end wrench. On most modern cordless drills, no additional attachments are required to mount the drill. However, it is very difficult to change the cartridge for them.

When that doesn't help take it off, tool body disassembled. Thus, it is possible to reach the spindle, since it is hidden when assembled. Then everything is going back, but without the use of keys.

What should I do if the internal screw is damaged during the replacement process? In this situation, it is better to purchase an adapter for a cam-type puncher chuck, since a screw is included with it.

How to replace the cone instance?

Difficulties in removing the element mounted on the cone of the shaft should not appear. You can use a special tool that is used to replace bearings.

But the easiest way is to put the tool vertically, while the drill will look down. Then you need to tap gently on the entire surface with a hammer until the cartridge disengages. If necessary, it is polished. The new part is inserted with light strokes from above.

Changing a drill in a drill

Often due to excessive load or improper fastening the drill is capable of jam the chuck, the usual way to get it will not work. What to do in this case? First, try to simply cool the part. Quite often, this is enough to relax the jaws, and pull out the drill.

You can also go the other way. Tapping on the cams will help release the jammed tooling. To do this, fix the free edge of the drill in a vice and apply wooden plank for chuck. It is through it that tapping is performed. From vibration, the chuck will loosen its grip, and the drill can be easily removed. Moreover, this method is suitable for owners of quick-clamping and classic fasteners.

But sometimes it is impossible to remove the tool without using lubricant. In particular difficult situations, it is possible to solve the problem only after immersing the cartridge in vegetable or machine oil. It is necessary to keep the product in liquid for about an hour. If you combine methods, then you can remove the stuck drill much faster.

A drill is an indispensable tool in the arsenal of a home master or a professional. This equipment allows different thicknesses. There are several types of such tools. Today there are both manual and electric drills. Every master should know how to use such a tool correctly.

In the process of long-term operation, the equipment may fail. should be known before starting work. In this case, even a beginner will be able to properly repair his instrument.

User manual

It assumes that the master carefully read the instruction manual for this tool. This will prevent a lot of damage. You should also consider the type of tool. Hand and electric drills are on sale today. They may differ in size, power and additional features.

Before working with a drill, it is necessary to examine the wall for the presence of communications hidden in its thickness. It can be electrical wires or pipes. A metal detector will help to detect such objects. The hole will always be slightly larger than the diameter of the drill. This must be taken into account when choosing fasteners.

It should be ensured that when drilling (especially metal), the drill does not slip. This will prevent it from breaking. For ceramic surfaces, it is recommended to apply a patch at the drilling site. The drill should be perpendicular to the wall.

Cartridge types

There are several types of cartridges. This must be taken into account before repairing the instrument. In electric drills, quick-release chucks are most often used. They allow you to easily change drills in the process. This type of cartridge, for example, has an electric drill "Makita", "Bosch", "Hitachi", etc. You should not buy cheap models with such a device. They quickly fall into disrepair.

Hammer chucks are used for impact drills. They are stable even when working in difficult conditions. The installation of the drill is carried out in such systems with a special key.

There is also a third category of cartridges. These are SDS collet chucks. There are 2 grooves in their shank. In this case, the drill is screwed into it and fixed with a locking ball. Also in this cartridge there are 4 grooves. Two of them are needed for the guide wedges. The other two grooves provide a secure fixation of the equipment. In such a chuck, the spindle is automatically locked after installation.

Mount type

Considering drill chuck types, it is impossible not to note the ways of their fastening. There are two main methods. Fastening can be carried out using a threaded connection or on a cone.

In the first version, there is a thread on the shaft and the inner channel. It can be metric or inch (depending on the manufacturer). To make the connection strong, a special screw is installed on the shaft inside. It has a left hand thread. It is unscrewed clockwise.

In the second version of fixation, a Morse taper is used. The end of the shaft has a characteristic shape. It is made in the form of a cone. The inner channel has the same shape. It is at the end of the shaft that the cartridge is installed. This mounting option is more common in screwdrivers.

Marking

When repairing a drill, you can determine the type of fastening of the cartridge by marking. If the system has a threaded connection, the corresponding information will be printed on the housing. Metric thread is indicated by the letter "M". The number after the letter indicates the connection diameter. It also indicates maximum drill chuck diameter and its minimum shank value (e.g. range 1-15mm). The last digit, which is indicated in the marking, indicates the thread pitch.

For the inch system, the designation in the UNF marking is used. Before proceeding with the repair of equipment, it is necessary to carefully check whether the mounting of the new part complies with the parameters set by the manufacturer. Almost all foreign instruments use the inch system.

The conical connection is marked with the letter "B" and a number (this is the size of the end of the shaft). You should also pay attention to this indicator when choosing a new part.

When should the cartridge be changed?

When repairing a Makita, Hitachi, Stanley, Bosch drill, you should first read the manufacturer's instructions. This will help you get the job done well. The chuck must hold the drill firmly. This allows you to drill holes with a certain accuracy.

Over time, the clamping mechanism wears out. This also applies to the seat of the cartridge on the shaft. He starts hitting. The working area during the operation of the equipment begins to fluctuate. In this case, the hole is obtained with deviations both in diameter and in location.

The wear of the mechanism does not allow the drill to be firmly clamped in the chuck. It will stop when the load increases. To fix such problems, you will have to replace the clamping mechanism.

Thread Chuck Replacement

Must be carried out in accordance with the type of construction. To dismantle the threaded connection, use a screwdriver. With its help, the spindle screw is unscrewed. It is inside the drill. The screw must be unscrewed completely and removed from the spindle. This item has a left hand thread. Therefore, it should be unscrewed clockwise.

The cartridge, on the contrary, has a right-hand thread. To remove it, you will need to unscrew this structural element counterclockwise.

Sometimes the screw is very tight. Manually dismantling it can be quite difficult. In this case, it is enough to tap the screwdriver with a hammer when it is installed in the groove on the fastener. You can also use a gas or open-end wrench. The first of them should grab the chuck, and the second should fix the spindle.

Difficulties when replacing a threaded chuck

Sometimes even drill chuck wrench can not help to dismantle the tool structure. In this case, you can use several more approaches. If the clamping jaws of the chuck work, a larger hexagon can be used. This will help you put in more effort. In this case, it is necessary to fix the spindle with an open-end wrench.

The design of the chuck of modern electric drills does not imply the use additional equipment. However, this does not mean at all that it will be easier to change the cartridge to them. The clamping mechanism in this case is quite difficult to dismantle.

Sometimes you need to disassemble the body of the tool. This will allow you to reach the spindle hidden inside it. When assembled, this element can be hidden deep in the body. After dismantling and replacing the cartridge, the structure is assembled into reverse order. This does not require additional keys.

If for some reason the screw inside is damaged, it can be replaced. In this case, it is recommended to purchase a cartridge adapter. It is sold for a cam-type tool. The adapter comes with a screw.

Cone chuck replacement

Considering how to change drill chuck, you should consider such a variety as a conical clamping mechanism. In this case, the procedure will be quite simple. In this case, you can use a special device. It is used to dismantle bearings.

To remove the cone-type clamping mechanism, the drill is placed vertically. Its drill should be pointing down. The entire surface of the cartridge must be tapped with a hammer. In this case, the clamping mechanism will gradually begin to break out of its seat.

The conical connection must then be cleaned and sanded with fine sandpaper. After that, the new cartridge will easily fall into place. It is fixed with a light hammer blow from above.

Causes of problems with the clamping mechanism

Drill, instruction on the application of which should be studied by the master before starting work, requires proper operation. In this case, many problems can be avoided.

Today, most electrical varieties of such equipment are equipped with an SDS type cartridge. It was developed by Bosch. This device is not very accurate. However, this mechanism allows you to drill holes even in hard materials. In this case, the work of the tool is carried out with a blow. In this case, drilling accuracy will not be achieved. For this, a special adapter is used.

If you need to drill an exact hole in wood, metal, plastic, a special nozzle is used. It is produced for both keyless and cam chucks.

It should be remembered that the drill cannot be milled. In this case, the cartridge will not be able to withstand the side load. It also requires attention right choice drill, its sharpening, as well as marking the center of drilling (using a core).

Drill Maintenance

Periodically, the tool needs to be serviced, old parts changed, and moving parts lubricated. In this case, you also need to know how to change drill chuck. cone chuck must be turned upside down. It is covered with wooden gaskets and clamped in a vise.

The nut is unscrewed with a gas wrench and the bearing is dismantled. The puck is pulled out. Next, the cartridge can be removed from the vise. The adjusting sleeve is twisted by hand. Cams need to get out of the guides.

After dismantling, all parts of the clamping mechanism must be inspected, worn parts should be replaced. Further, the mechanism is assembled in the reverse order. All moving parts are lubricated with grease.

Other dismantling problems

Sometimes other problems appear during the dismantling process. For example, if jammed drill chuck, you need to disassemble the mechanism and make it a complete cleaning, lubrication. Especially such troubles appear after drilling the ceiling. Pollution pours into the cartridge. In this case, it may jam.

If the cartridge flies, it will be necessary to increase the tension in the cone connection. To do this, the mechanism must be heated to 110ºС in the oven. After that, it is installed on a cold seat. After such a procedure, the cartridge will not fly.

There may also be a beating when the tool is running. It occurs due to wear of the conical base or uneven destruction of the surfaces of the cams. In this case, replacement of the old elements of the system is required.

Having considered how to change drill chuck, almost every craftsman will be able to repair the tool to continue repair or construction work.

The drill chuck is categorized as a collet chuck. Collet chucks are used to secure a drill, a cold bar, or to clamp a cold metal workpiece. The classic chuck consists of a hardened clamping sleeve and 3 identical petals (cams).

The collet is a central sleeve made of strong, hardened steel. In the cartridge device, it is installed in the center. There are 3 cuts in it, which form exactly the same clamping petals (cams). When the diameter decreases, the petals are pressed against each other.

The first cartridges for mechanical drills were a cylinder with an adjusting wheel on the surface. Further, an adjusting sleeve was already added to the device.

The cylinder is still attached to the shaft of a drill or screwdriver. FROM reverse side already "put" the nozzle.

It is most convenient to fix drills, cutters and taps with small shanks in a drill chuck. This tool inside the chuck is fixed with a collet, pressed inward by the cams.

The jaw chuck has the following options:

• key;
• gear-crown;
• quick-clamping;

A chuck for a mechanical and electric drill is also called a drill chuck. The main advantage of the drill chuck is the range of diameters for nozzles.

Qualitative drill chuck allows you to use drills from 1 - 2 millimeters to 20 - 25 millimeters. There are no significant drawbacks in this element of the drill, except for the cost of the cartridge itself.

Types of drill chucks

For household and professional drilling equipment use keyless chuck for working without a key.

With such a clamp, you can change the drill in a couple of seconds without resorting to the help of an improvised key. With increased pressure of the palm, the mechanism is loosened, which will allow the cutting tool to be released from the cartridge. In the same way, the drill is fixed for further work. This type of cartridge works by means of a corrugated metal sleeve and a locking spindle.

The disadvantages of the keyless chuck include unstable clamping. An already worn keyless chuck does not fix large-diameter drills with high quality, which leads to turning. Typical for a round shank.

The key jaw chuck must be loosened and clamped with a special key, which is easy to lose over time in working situations. It is interesting that more experienced users of a drilling tool prefer a chuck with a key, since you can clamp a drill or cutter “tightly”, for example, even in a vice.

When purchasing a drill, screwdriver or hammer drill with a key jaw chuck, immediately fix the key from the kit on the wire with electrical tape or tie it to a strong cord. There will never be a problem with changing the drill.

Mini drill chucks are very popular among radio amateurs. Such elements are sometimes placed on a drill or mini drill. It can be installed on any tool adapted for drilling. For example, jewelry makers will not be able to perform work without this fastener.

Most often, mini cartridges are used for a light drill or household screwdriver. The optimal drill diameter for a mini chuck is from 0.1 to 4.5 millimeters.

It is very convenient to drill chip, mini models and jewelry.

The mini chuck has the simplest design of a quick-clamping collet chuck. Most often made of brass.

How to remove and change a cartridge with a threaded connection

The threaded chuck for the drill is mounted on the shaft of the power tool and is fixed by the left-hand thread of the screw. It is necessary to remove the damaged cartridge from this mount, but take into account the non-standard threaded connection.

The above screw is located inside the cartridge, logically, you need to unscrew the cams as much as possible, in other words, “drown” to the limit. This is what the action looks like:

How to disassemble the drill chuck? Inside you can see the same screw, removed with a Phillips screwdriver. Having gained access to it, you need to unscrew it strictly clockwise with a good screwdriver. There are instrument models where this screw is not installed. In this case, the cartridge is completely twisted off the shaft without preparatory work.

A screw with a left-hand thread loses its sharpness of the groove over time due to inaccurate changes in cutting tools. For convenience, you can hit the screw through the inserted screwdriver with a hammer. This action will deepen the groove without harm to the tool.

When unscrewing, you can use a 14 key for convenience.

How then to remove the cartridge from the drill? Everything is very simple, by unscrewing the screw or spindle with a left-hand thread, the cartridge itself is unscrewed by hand for replacement or repair.

Further replacement of the drill chuck

Nothing complicated - purchase a cartridge suitable for a drill and install it along the thread with a similar sequence.

How to quickly remove the chuck from a drill is shown in this short video:

When replacing, take into account the type of connection. There are two of them:

• conical;
• threaded.

A threaded cartridge is installed on the tool according to the above scheme.

It is important to know that the threaded cartridge is marked with two types:

• 1.5-13 M12*1.25;
• 1.5-13 1/2 - 20UNF.

1.5 - 13 - marking the minimum and maximum diameter for the cutting tool installed in the chuck.

When replacing, this marking must be observed. If a value is indicated on the cartridge from your drill, for example, 1.5 -13 M12, then you should change it to a cartridge with the same marking.

The conical type of connection is a little simpler. When replacing the cartridge, they are simply inserted. There are the following varieties:

Interestingly, any cartridge in the tool shop marked "B" means exactly the conical base of the mount. The numbers on the marking (from 10 to 18) are the diameter of the lower hole.

How do I remove a taper chuck from a drill? The easiest. The cartridge is dismantled with a conventional hammer, knocking it out of the pin.

How to remove a chuck with a cone from an electric drill - video

A drill chuck can be represented by several types that differ markedly in design and design features. It is quite possible to quickly replace such a part of an electric drill with your own hands, but you need to know the basic rules for performing such work.

Drill chuck: device and varieties

A significant part of the drill models are equipped with so-called cam devices. This option is a hollow cylindrical body, on the surface of which there is a movable part in the form of a ring or a regulation sleeve. One base of the cylinder is fixed to the drill shaft. The second base is used to fix the nozzles. The process of rotation of the adjusting ring causes the movement of cams made of metal. The approach and removal of such cams depends on the direction of the annular rotation.

In order to fix it on the shaft, the housing is equipped with a special convenient threaded hole or has a special conical surface. There are also types of cartridges that are best suited for equipping specially designed rotary hammer models. It is quite possible to remove and change it yourself. Cam-type drill chucks allow you to fasten the nozzle and shank in the standard range of 0.8-10 mm and 1.5-13 mm.

In order to ensure maximum reliability when fastening, it is very important to tighten the chuck with considerable force. Cam chucks can be:

• "normal", represented by "key" or "ring gear" options;
• "quick-clamp" or cartridge bzp.

To tighten or unscrew the adjustment ring on a "normal" device, you will need to use a special key.

Characteristics of the drill keyless chuck

Tightening and loosening will require the use of a special metal sleeve that is knurled or knurled. Quite often, a plastic sleeve with ribs is used for this purpose.

The main difference of such an element is the absence of a clamping key and the use of an outer shell that allows clamping the lips of the drill. Most often, the use of BZP is accompanied by the following problems and difficulties:

• insufficient quality performance of the drill clamp;
• lack of sufficient resistance to dust;
• breakage of the clamping mechanism.

Drill cartridges: varieties (video)

If the model of a minidrill or a screwdriver is equipped with a special type of blocker, then it is necessary to use a clamping single-sleeve element. On tools without a lock, a double-sleeve element or a mini-chuck is used. As a rule, the body of such a device is made of plastic, and a steel alloy is used to manufacture the mechanism and cams.

Any option for independent repair work requires knowledge of the device and the main components:

• conical gripping lips;
• inner part with lips;
• outer clamp.

If necessary, each can be replaced individual element such a device, for which it is necessary to properly disassemble the device.

How to remove and disassemble an electric drill chuck

Even a small, minor repair will require proper disassembly of the structure. To date, there are only two mounting mechanisms on the working shaft, so the process of dismantling may vary.

With a threaded fastening method, it is necessary to disassemble the structure in the following order:

• deepen the cams inside the body and dilute them as much as possible;
• unscrew the fixing screw located in the central bottom part of the device. Fasteners with left-hand threads must be turned clockwise;
• using an open-end wrench put on the shaft, the device is unscrewed.

In the absence of flats, the body is disassembled, as well as the subsequent fixation of the rotor shaft in a vice. It is advisable to unscrew the element with a gas wrench.

The most popular and frequently used in modern tools is the cone connection. In addition to the exceptional strength of the cone connection, this option, with the right approach, can be quite easily separated independently. To this end the body is preliminarily tapped in a circle, after which the element is knocked off the shaft with a sharp and accurate blow to the back of the shaft.

After the cartridge is removed, it is necessary to correctly determine the type of malfunction. It is possible to carry out repairs on your own in the absence of significant damage to parts and jamming caused by metal chips trapped inside adjacent parts. As a rule, rinsing the elements in oil or kerosene with a soft medium-sized brush allows you to restore performance in this type of breakdown. After this cleaning method, assembly is carried out in the reverse order.

Most often, the owners of an actively used tool are faced with a number of malfunctions. caused by wear, as well as damage suffered by threaded or toothed parts. Minor local damage of this type are quite easily eliminated by grinding. For this purpose, it is recommended to use a needle file or a standard sanding skin. In the most difficult cases of breakdowns, a complete replacement of the failed cartridge is most often required.

How to remove a chuck from a drill (video)

For dismantling and self-disassembly of the chuck of an electric drill you need to prepare a set of tools presented:

• vise;
• pliers;
• screwdriver;
• hammer;
• a small mallet;
• chisel;
• file and sandpaper;
• brush with soft bristles and oiler;
• a set of gas keys;
• wrench;
• awl;
• file;
• caliper.

The basic version of the tool kit may vary slightly depending on the type of connection and the complexity of the dismantling work performed. Do not use excessive force since in this case, not only the external, but also the internal working part of the device can be irreparably damaged.

Do-it-yourself drill chuck replacement

There are several most common problems that can be observed during the operation of the tool, and require cartridge replacement:

• quite often there is a fall of the fixed element. This problem occurs not only on older tools, but also on completely new models, which are characterized by a conical fastening of the cam part. As a rule, the drop of the part accompanies the process of drilling deep holes. In this case, when the drill is raised and released from the accumulated chips, the cartridge falls off the cone. This problem can be solved by increasing the tension conical conjugation. To this end, it is necessary to heat the cartridge in oil to a temperature of 110 ° C, and then put it on the fixing part of the cold tool;

• if, when performing work accompanied by the release of a significant amount of dust, chips or dirt, the clamping lips jam, then you need to properly disassemble the cartridge, and then carefully, but as thoroughly as possible, clean and rinse all moving working elements. Before assembling the part, it is very important to lubricate the inside with a brush and lithol. Good result gives the use of a homemade protective casing that prevents clogging of working parts;
• if during drilling there is a runout of the cartridge, then the cause may be a significant wear of the landing cone. An equally common cause of this phenomenon can be uneven wear of the cams, which are to be replaced. If necessary, a complete replacement of the broken cartridge is performed.

The assembly of the disassembled part is carried out in the reverse order of disassembly, in compliance with the rules for mounting on the tool.

How to change the cartridge in a drill with your own hands (video)

The cartridge is one of the main components of the mechanism of an electric drill, therefore, the performance of the tool and the quality of the work performed will depend on its condition. It is quite possible to replace such a device on your own without having the skills and special knowledge, but in this case you need to correctly determine the cause of the breakdown and follow the standard instructions for repair work.

When the drill is working properly, the user has no questions, but there are cases that require its disassembly, many enter into a stupor, solving the problem that has arisen: how to remove the cartridge from the drill. To correctly perform such an operation, you need to know how the cartridge is fixed on the shaft, and then start dismantling.

There are the following types of cartridges:

• quick-clamping action or self-clamping device;
• collet-type sds devices;
• cam.

On the drill with keyless chuck you can change the drill or other nozzle quite quickly, without the need to use any additional devices. Cartridges of the first variant are divided into one- and two-sleeve devices.

Single-sleeve devices have a shaft locking system that is activated during tool changes. They have a significant negative point - the very low strength of the fixation elements, the external parts of the cartridge are made of plastic, which greatly increases their damage and breakage of the entire device.

Repair of this type of cartridge is not provided - only replacement.

Manufacturers put on percussion models and perforators cam products, because their design is stronger - basically turnkey chucks are used here to securely fasten the drill.

Collet type the cartridge was created back in the 70s of the last century, its design is distinguished by the fact that there are two grooves in the tail section, and the drill must be deepened by 40 mm with twisting movements. There are 4 grooves: 2 fixing, 2 - for guiding the wedges, the cutting tool is fixed with locking balls.

In a classic gear device, tightening is adjusted using chuck key that comes with the drill. To properly unscrew the cartridge, you must follow the recommendations of an experienced craftsman, for this, watch this video:

Mounting methods

The cartridge on the shaft of an electric or manual drill is attached in two ways - a conical connection and a thread, so there are at least varieties here. In practice, there are devices with metric or inch threads, and on the body of the product, even the smallest one, there is always a marking.

For example, a designation of this type 1.5-15M13x1.2 stands for:

• 1.5-15 is the diameter of the tail of the cutting tool in millimeters;
• M13 - metric thread with a diameter of 13 mm;
• 1.2 - thread pitch.

Using threads in inches- UNF and the diameter is indicated: 1/2”. This type of connection is considered international and is used in all tools of foreign manufacturers. For special reliability, a stopper is placed on the shaft, in the form of a screw on the left thread - this must be taken into account when you are confused about how to disassemble the chuck of an imported drill. Unscrew it only in a clockwise direction.

The second method uses morse taper, which today is more often called the instrumental cone. The shaft has a conical part at the end, on which the device is mounted, while a small force must be applied to make a tight connection. The marking is as follows: B10, where the letter indicates the use of a cone, and the number indicates the diameter of the tail of the cutting tool. This type of fastening is common with screwdrivers.

Morse taper

Some drills are equipped with an adapter (adapter) for the clamping mechanism, which allows drilling with maximum accuracy.

Problems of the cartridge mechanism

In modern drill models, such as Interskol or Makita, the drill or other nozzles are fixed with a chuck with cam mechanism: 3 or 4 cams securely hold the cutting tool, they can only move along the axis of the drill shaft. The keyless chuck is adjusted manually, more complex designs used in modern drills - with a key.

During operation, a runout of the clamped bit may occur, the reason is the wear of the cams during long-term operation. The tool is repaired as follows: it is necessary to remove the device from the shaft, the same actions are necessary when the drill is jammed, because it can be removed only after the cartridge part of the product has been completely disassembled.

There is also this error: chuck rotates relative to the tool shaft. The reason for this behavior is damage to the threaded part of the device mount, or the landing cone has sagged. The way out of this situation is to change the cartridge to a working analogue.

Work Tool

Replacing a drill chuck is easy if you know the design of this unit and how it is attached. To carry out repairs, you will need a simple set of tools:

• locksmith vice, you can use not standard, but a smaller version for home needs;
• steel hammer;
• joiner's mallet;
• pliers or pliers;
• medium size pipe wrench;
• set of wrenches;
• calipers;
• screwdriver;
• file;
• sandpaper for grinding.

The list indicates the minimum set, there are situations when other locksmith fixtures may be required.

We dismantle the cartridge

Depending on the method of fastening the cartridge mechanism, the disassembly methods will vary.

It is necessary to disassemble such a structure in this order.

1. Carefully unscrew the locking screw.
2. We unscrew the cartridge counterclockwise, if the thread is tightened to the conscience, clamp the tool shaft in a vise. A gas wrench is used to unscrew. Then we remove the device and inspect it for integrity and serviceability.
3. If the drill is jammed in the jaws, then we apply not strong, but precise blows with a hammer using a punch on the cams from above.

Installation is carried out in the reverse order. When screwing in a new device, the shaft must secure against rotation free hand. The last we twist the locking device. To help home craftsmen video:

Cone connection

Removing the cartridge from the conical part of the shaft is quite easy. The drill kit should have a special device for this purpose, but many experienced craftsmen use this method: turn the tool over with the drill down, fix it and evenly hit it with a hammer on back side fixture is knocked off the shaft.

After dismantling, grind tapered surfaces using an emery cloth, if there are scratches on the surface, then remove them with a file. The new cartridge is installed in place even easier - with the blows of a mallet on top, it sits tightly at the junction.

Users need to remember that removing a drill or other attachment when it is stuck in the chuck requires certain skills and ability to handle bench tools, but in any case, the device must be dismantled. If the cartridge on the drill is out of order, then it must be replaced.