Which river is the left tributary of the Ob. Ob river in russia

Interesting 24.07.2019

Interesting

And the whole world; the third river in terms of water content in the Russian Federation. It is formed by the confluence of the Biya and Katun rivers in Altai, flows from South to North through the territory of Western Siberia and flows into the Ob Bay of the Kara Sea. The length of the river is 3650 km, if you count with the source of the Irtysh, then 5410 km. The basin area is 2990 thousand square meters. km, according to this characteristic, the river ranks first in the Russian Federation. Most of the basin (approximately 85%) is located on West Siberian Plain. A significant part of the basin is covered with forests and swamps. More than 50 species of fish live in the waters of the Ob, some of them are commercial. The most valuable species: sturgeon, nelma, sterlet, muksun, broad whitefish, peled, whitefish.

River flow

River crosses several climatic zones. In the south, in the upper reaches of the Ob, grapes, watermelons and melons grow, then in the north, in the lower reaches of the Ob, this is already tundra and the harsh Arctic. The Novosibirsk reservoir is located in the southern part of the Ob. The Novosibirsk hydroelectric power station was built from 1950 to 1961; during the creation of the reservoir, most of the city of Berdsk and many villages were flooded.

The upper section of the basin is located in the mountains, here the river has a well-developed valley with many floodplain terraces. Up to the mouth of the Charysh River, the Ob flows in low, uncovered banks, the channel is replete with channels, rifts, and islands. Closer to Barnaul, the floodplain and the valley expand. From Barnaul to the town of Kamen-on-Ob, the valley widens up to 10 km and is asymmetrical with steep left and gentle right slopes; the wide floodplain is indented by channels, oxbow lakes and lakes. Near the city of Kamen-na-Obi, the valley and the floodplain narrow to kilometers; in the channel there are sections with rocky ledges. In the southern part of the city of Novosibirsk, the river is blocked by a dam, which formed a reservoir - the Ob Sea. After Novosibirsk, the valley expands significantly and reaches 20 km to the mouth of the Tom, depths up to 6 m

Below the mouths of the Tom and Chulym, the Ob River becomes a large full-flowing river and, until the confluence with the Irtysh, flows within taiga zone. The valley has a width of up to 50 km with a floodplain covered with a dense network of channels. Depth up to 8 m.
The largest tributaries are: Ket, Tom, Chulym, Tym, Trom'egan, Vakh, Lyamin, Nazim, Shegarka, Chaya, Vasyugan, Parabel, Bolshoi Yugan, Bolshoy Salym, Irtysh.

After the confluence of the Irtysh, the Ob turns to the North. The valley is very wide, more than 50 km, with a low left bank and a steep right bank. In the region of Peregrebnoye and Salekhard, it narrows to 4-8 km. The vast left-bank floodplain is indented by channels, branches, lakes, in high water reaches a width of up to 40-50 km. From the Irtysh to Peregrebnoye, the Ob flows in one deep channel with a depth of at least 4 m, then the river is divided into the Bolshaya and Malaya Ob. After their confluence, the Ob channel has a depth of more than 10 m.

Settlements on the Ob

There are many towns and villages along the river, the largest of them is Surgut.

Surgut
Barnaul
Novosibirsk
Novoaltaysk
Kolpashevo
Stone-on-Obi
Nizhnevartovsk
Salekhard

Major downstream tributaries

The largest tributary of the Ob is the Irtysh.

The most significant left tributaries are Charysh, Peschanaya, Anui, Aley, Barnaulka, Shegarka, Kasmala, Chaya, Parabel, Bolshoy Yugan, Vasyugan, Northern Sosva, Son, Shchuchya.
The most significant first tributaries are the Ket, Chumysh, Berd, Inya, Vatinsky Egan, Tom, Chulym, Tym, Kyiv Egan, Vakh, Tromyogan, Poluy, Pim, Lyamin, Kazym.

Dams

In the city of Novosibirsk, there is the Novosibirsk hydroelectric power station with a length of 223.6 meters. HPP capacity - 455 MW, average output per year - 1687 million square meters per hour. It is 20th in terms of power in Russia.

Before flowing into the Gulf of Ob, the river forms a huge delta with an area of more than 4 thousand square meters. km. and 800 kilometers long.

Briefly

The main characteristics of the Ob River:

Length - 3640 km.
The length together with the Irtysh is 5410 km.
The basin area is 2990 thousand square meters. km
The maximum width of the valley is 50 km.
The maximum depth is 20 meters.

Depths

The depth of the Ob in the upper reaches varies from 2 to 6 meters. Below the mouth of the Tom, from 4 to 8 m. In the lower reaches, it has a depth of more than 10 meters.

Located in the west of Siberia largest river Russia - Ob. beautiful river is an important waterway for the whole country. On its shores such countries as Russia, China and Kazakhstan are located. Particularly important water resources for Kazakhstan and China, since these states lack their own water sources. Interestingly, the two main rivers that form the Ob have completely different shades of water. In summer and autumn period the Ob River shows people a unique spectacle, in one stream you can see the multi-colored currents of water.

The majestic river is mainly fed by melted snow. In terms of water content, the Ob occupies the third position among the rivers of the country. In summer, the water temperature reaches 29 degrees. Many historical moments taking place in the country are associated with the Big Ob, therefore the river is an important landmark of Russia. Oil, coal, gas, peat are extracted in the river basin. Many fish live in the mighty waters. The Russian Federation appreciates and is proud of its water resources.

Length of the Ob River

The length of the river is over 3600 km. The river valley remains extensive up to the mouth of the Tom. An intense narrowing is observed near the city of Kamen on the Ob. And after passing Novosibirsk, the river expands again up to 19 km. After the confluence of the Irtysh, the valley expands even more and becomes asymmetric. Near the city of Salekhard, the Ob narrows to 4 kilometers.

Source of the Ob River

(The muddy white waters of the Biya merge with the transparent turquoise Katun)

The element originates in Altai. It is formed by the rivers Biya and Katun, which unite in this place. Ob crosses Western Siberia and flows into the Gulf of Ob. From the place of its mouth, the Ob heads west-south to the beginning of the Charysh River.

(Two dissimilar rivers flow together for a long time in the same channel)

After the confluence of the rivers, the Ob flows to the north and there it is divided into multiple streams, leaving behind numerous islands. The curving current heads to the northeast of the country and reaches the Tom River. Top part currents are rocky with frequent shoals. Depending on the current, the riverbed annually changes direction and washes the upland left banks, filling them with silt sand.

Mouth of the Ob River

(Here the Ob River flows smoothly into the Kara Sea basin.)

In the north Russian Federation The Ob River flows into the Kara Sea. It is a huge bay called the Gulf of Ob. The large bay is located between several peninsulas - Yamal and Gydan. The soil of the Gulf of Ob is viscous and silty. There are practically no trees on the shores of the bay. There are several bays and coves. In addition to the Ob, river flows also flow into the bay. The bay is home to a variety of fish.

Tributaries of the Ob River

(The Tom River, which flows into the Ob)

The Great River conditionally consists of three long sections. The upper Ob belongs to the first section. The Tom River is considered the right tributary of the river. Before joining the Tom, the river heads through Novosibirsk, Barnaul and Kamen on the Ob. The expanded channel follows the Chulym River and after that becomes a powerful water element. Numerous small tributaries will join the stream.

(Meeting of two Great rivers, Ob and Irtysh)

When the majestic stream meets the Irtysh, the river makes a detour and turns to the northern part of the country. On the left side in these places you can see many lakes and small channels. In the village of Peregrebnoye, the river bifurcates and forms two channels - Malaya and Bolshaya Ob. The depth of the river is 15 meters. Passing Salihard, the river develops in width and forms a large delta. At this point, the river forms two branches - Nadymsky and Khamanelsky. Then two water sleeves merge into a mighty stream and pass into the Gulf of Ob. In the spring there is a flood. More than 9 meters can increase the level of the pool and flood the surrounding areas for many kilometers.

Cities of Russia on the Ob River

As well as near other large rivers, people settled near the Ob since ancient times. In modern times, regional cities and many small settlements have been located here. Capital Altai Territory, the city of Barnaul spread its open spaces on the banks of the Ob. Near the Novosibirsk reservoir is the city of Kamen on the Ob. Surgut, Nefteyugansk, Nizhnevartovsk develop the country's economy by extracting oil and gas from the river. Salekhard, Berezovo, Labytnangi also serve as important cities in the development of the country.

Nowadays, the river has been sufficiently studied and mastered, but the taiga expanses still remain untouched by people. For many settlements The Ob remains the main source of income. The main value for Russia, received from the Ob River, is a transport highway. It is difficult for people to create roads in these taiga places, and nature itself gave them an easy way to pass through the West Siberian area. The river enables people to move into the deepest regions of the Siberian expanses.

Poems, songs and proverbs have long been composed about the river. In the name of the native river they performed feats. Many publications about the Ob River, designed for a wide range of listeners, have survived to this day. Great artists captured the river on their famous canvases.

Far from the last place in the ranking long rivers occupies the watercourse of Russia - the Ob. Its location is parallel to the Yenisei; it flows in the south-north direction, washing its entire mouth is the Kara Sea. At the confluence, a bay was formed, which was given the name Ob Bay. Its length does not exceed 900 km.

River Ob. Water flow features

A significant river in the Russian Federation and almost the longest in Asia is the Ob. Its total length is 5410 km. The source of the watercourse is the confluence of the Katun and Biya, which are located in Altai.

The water flow is divided into three parts: the lower section (the territory up to the Gulf of Ob), the middle section (up to the Irtysh), and the upper section (up to the Tom).

Thanks to the total area of the pool, which is 3 thousand square meters. km, the Ob occupies a leading position in the Russian Federation. It is worth noting the fact that in terms of water content, the Ob is the third after such the greatest rivers countries like the Yenisei and the Lena.

It has a dam built in the 60s. The Ob forms the Novosibirsk reservoir. In order to create it, more than one village and part of the city of Berdsk were specially flooded. People living near the Ob call it the Ob Sea. It is great place for recreation and fishing. Sanatoriums and recreation centers have been built on its banks.

In the 19th century, a decision was made to build a canal that would connect the Ob with the Yenisei. However, on this moment it is not used at all and is completely abandoned.

The main tributaries of the Ob: Irtysh, Tom. Yugan, Chulym, Charysh and Ket also flow into it.

The river is fed mainly by snowmelt. High water is carried out in April-May in all currents of the water flow. During freezing, the water level begins to rise and often the river can overflow its banks. In autumn, the stream is characterized by high water, and in summer - low water.

The waters of the stream, like all tributaries, are rich in fish. They contain more than 50 species. The most common and valuable: white salmon, whitefish, sturgeon and others. Sometimes there are crucians, perches, ides, pikes.

Western Siberia

Western Siberia is located in the Ural Mountains and the Yenisei. It extends for almost 3,000 km from the ocean to the Kazakh hills and for 2,000 km from the Urals to a large part of the territory is located in the West Siberian Plain.

tributaries

The longest left tributary of the Ob: Vasyugan. Its length reaches 1000 km. The river basin in some places is more like a swamp. It has many both small and fairly long tributaries. The source of Vasyugan is located in the Ob-Irtysh watershed. There are a sufficient number of lakes and oxbow lakes in its floodplain. In the region of the middle reaches, the banks rise to a height of up to 50 m. In the lower reaches, the Vasyugan expands to 600 m, becomes full of water, the floodplain also increases in size, it contains more lakes, channels and rifts.

All tributaries of the Ob are important waterways, which differ from each other in characteristics, in particular in length. The largest is Tom. Its length is 827 km, width is 3 m. Ice cover occurs in November, breakup occurs in April. The main type of nutrition is rain, but snow and soil are also typical.

Throughout the Omsk region, there is no better river reservoir than the main left tributary of the Ob. It flows through China People's Republic, Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation. The total area is 4000 km, which makes it together with the Ob (5410 km) the first watercourse in Russia, the second in Asia and the sixth in the world.

The Ob, whose tributaries are located mostly in the Tomsk region, is distinguished by the fact that there are many lakes, ponds and small rivers in it. Their total area exceeds 7 thousand hectares. Most of them are currently overgrown with aquatic vegetation. Some reservoirs were created as a result of various natural factors.

Irtysh - main tributary

All tributaries of the Ob River are able to impress every person, but the most powerful is the Irtysh. In addition to playing an important role for the countries in which it flows, this water stream is the longest in the world. After it is Missouri, whose length is only 3700 km.

The river got its name due to the fact that during the entire time of its existence it changed its course several times due to the destruction of the banks. Translated from Turkic, its hydronym means "digger".

Almost all tributaries of the Ob, including the Irtysh, have a calm current, which rarely exceeds 2 m/sec. The channel is narrow, no more than 700 m. Surprisingly, the ecology of the river was practically not affected, the waters of the stream are clean, contain a minimum amount of food. Due to the fact that hydroelectric power stations have been built on the river, floods are very rare.

Tom

Like other tributaries of the Ob, the Tom is located in the Tomsk region. Flowing, it washes Khakassia and the Kemerovo region. Due to the fact that in some the water level has reached a critical level, there is no navigation here. The shallowing occurred due to the fact that gravel was constantly scooped out of the watercourse for their own needs.