How does the sun's rays affect a person. News of health, medicine and longevity

Speaking about the influence of the sun on the human body, it is impossible to accurately determine the harm or benefit it brings. The sun's rays are like kilocalories from food.. Their deficiency leads to malnutrition, and in excess they cause obesity. So it is in this situation. In moderate amounts, solar radiation has a beneficial effect on the body, while an excess of ultraviolet radiation provokes burns and the development of numerous diseases. Let's take a closer look.

Solar radiation: general effect on the body

Solar radiation is a combination of ultraviolet and infrared waves.. Each of these constituent parts affects the body in its own way.

Influence of infrared radiation:

1. The main feature of infrared rays is the thermal effect they create. Warming up the body contributes to the expansion of blood vessels and the normalization of blood circulation.
2. Warming up has a relaxing effect on the muscles, providing a slight anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect.
3. Under the influence of heat, metabolism increases, the processes of assimilation of biologically active components are normalized.
4. Infrared radiation from the sun stimulates the brain and visual apparatus.
5. Thanks to solar radiation, the biological rhythms of the body are synchronized, sleep and wakefulness modes are launched.
6. Treatment with solar heat improves the condition of the skin, relieving acne.
7. Warm light uplifts the mood and improves the emotional background of a person.
8. And according to recent studies, it also improves the quality of sperm in men.

Despite all the controversy about negative impact ultraviolet radiation on the body, its lack can lead to serious health problems. It is one of the vital factors of existence. And in conditions of ultraviolet deficiency in the body, the following changes begin to occur:

1. First of all, immunity weakens. This is caused by a violation of the absorption of vitamins and minerals, a malfunction in metabolism at the cellular level.
2. There is a tendency to develop new or exacerbate chronic diseases, most often occurring with complications.
3. Lethargy, chronic fatigue syndrome are noted, the level of working capacity decreases.
4. The lack of ultraviolet light for children interferes with the production of vitamin D and provokes a decrease in growth.

However, you need to understand that excessive solar activity will not benefit the body!

Sunbathing contraindications

Despite all the benefits of sunlight for the body, not everyone can afford to enjoy the warm rays. Contraindications include:

• acute inflammatory processes;
• tumors, regardless of their location;
• progressive tuberculosis;
• angina pectoris, ischemic disease;
• endocrine pathologies;
• damage to the nervous system;
• dysfunction of the thyroid and adrenal glands;
• diabetes;
• mastopathy;
• uterine fibroids;
• pregnancy;
• recovery period after surgery.

In all cases, active radiation will aggravate the course of the disease, provoking the development of new complications..

Do not get involved in the sun and the elderly, infants. For these categories of the population, treatment with sunlight in the shade is indicated. The necessary dose of safe heat will be enough there.

The negative influence of the sun

The time of exposure to infrared and ultraviolet waves must be strictly limited. In excess solar radiation:

• can provoke a deterioration in the general condition of the body (the so-called heat stroke due to overheating);
• negatively affects the skin, causing permanent changes;
• impairs vision;
• provokes hormonal disruptions in the body;
• can provoke the development of allergic reactions.

So that hours of lying on the beach during periods of maximum solar activity cause enormous damage to the body.

To get the necessary portion of light, a twenty-minute walk on a sunny day is enough.

The effect of the sun on the skin

Excessive solar radiation leads to serious skin problems. In the short term, you risk getting a burn or dermatitis. This is the smallest problem you can face when you get carried away with a tan on a hot day. If this situation is repeated with enviable regularity, the radiation of the sun will be the impetus for the formation of malignant formations on the skin, melanoma.

In addition, UV exposure dries out the skin, making it thinner and more sensitive. And constant exposure to direct rays accelerates the aging process, provoking the appearance of early wrinkles.

In order to protect yourself from the negative effects of solar radiation, it is enough to follow simple safety measures:

1. Be sure to use sunscreen in the summer? Apply it to all exposed areas of the body, including the face, arms, legs and décolleté. The SPF badge on the packaging is the same UV protection. And its degree will depend on the number indicated near the abbreviation. For going to the store, cosmetics with an SPF 15 or SPF 20 level are suitable. If you plan to spend time on the beach, use special products with higher rates. For children's skin, a cream with a maximum protection of SPF 50 is suitable.
2. If you need to be outdoors for a long time at maximum intensity of sunlight, wear clothes made of light fabrics with long sleeves. Be sure to wear a wide-brimmed hat to hide the delicate skin of your face.
3. Control the duration of sunbathing. The recommended time is 15-20 minutes. If you are outside for a longer time, try to get some shade from the direct sunlight.

And remember that in the summer, solar radiation affects the skin at any time of the day, with the exception of night hours. You may not feel the obvious warmth from infrared waves, but the ultraviolet remains high in activity, both in the morning and in the afternoon.

Negative effect on vision

The influence of sunlight on the visual apparatus is enormous. After all, thanks to light rays, we receive information about the world around us. Artificial lighting to some extent can become an alternative to natural light, but in conditions of reading and writing with a lamp, eye strain increases.

Speaking about the negative impact on a person and vision of sunlight, it means damage to the eyes during prolonged exposure to the sun without sunglasses.

Of the unpleasant sensations that you may encounter, one can single out cutting pains in the eyes, their redness, photophobia. The most serious lesion is a retinal burn.. It is also possible dry skin of the eyelids, the formation of small wrinkles.

1. Wear sunglasses. When buying, first of all, pay attention to the degree of protection. Image models often slightly obscure the light, but do not prevent the penetration of ultraviolet radiation. Therefore, it is recommended to put aside a bright frame and opt for quality lenses.
2. Make sure that direct rays do not fall on your face. Stay in the shade, wear a hat, cap or other headgear with a visor.
3. Don't look at the sun. If you do not experience discomfort, this does not indicate the safety of this undertaking. Even the winter sun has enough activity to provide vision problems.

Is there a safe time of year

The use of solar radiation as a health treatment is a common practice. That ultraviolet, that heat belongs to the category of strong irritants. And abuse of these benefits can earn serious problems.

Sunburn is the production of melanin. And to be more precise, the protective reaction of the skin to an irritant.

Is the radiation of the sun so dangerous at any time of the year? It is difficult to give a definite answer to this question. Everything will depend not so much on the season as on geographical location. So, in the middle latitudes, the activity of solar radiation increases by 25-35% in the summer. Therefore, the recommendations regarding staying outside on a clear day apply only to the hot season. In winter, residents of these regions are not threatened by ultraviolet radiation.

But the inhabitants of the equator face direct sunlight all year round. Therefore, the probability negative impact on the body is present both in summer and in winter. The inhabitants of the northern latitudes in this regard were more fortunate. After all, with distance from the equator, the angle of incidence of the sun's rays on the earth changes, and with it the radiation activity. The length of the thermal wave increases, and at the same time the amount of heat decreases (energy loss). Hence the winter all year round, as the surface of the earth does not have enough heat to warm up.

Solar radiation is a friend of our body. But do not abuse this friendship. Otherwise, the consequences can be the most serious. Just enjoy the warmth without forgetting the precautions.

Morozova Ekaterina, 7th grade student

inf oration project in biology.

Target: study action UVI on skin and eyes person.

Tasks:

Find out the value of the sun for the body.

Set the positive effect of the sun on the human body.

Determine the negative impact of the sun on the human body.

Formulate the basic rules for sunbathing.

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Regional State Autonomous General Educational Institution "Education Center "Steps"

The influence of the sun's rays

on the human body

Biology information project

Performed: Morozova Ekaterina,

7th grade student

Project Manager: Nomokonova A.A.,

biology and geography teacher

Birobidzhan, 2014

1. The purpose and objectives of the project
2. Sunlight is a healer
3. Results of ozone depletion
4. The effect of UV radiation on human skin
5. Sunburn
6. The effect of UV radiation on the organs of vision

Literature

Target: study actionUV radiation on human skin and organs of vision.

Tasks:

1. Find out the value of the sun for the body.
2. Set the positive effect of the sun on the human body.
3. Determine the negative impact of the sun on the human body.
4. Formulate the basic rules for sunbathing.

To achieve the goal, I chose the topic "The influence of sunlight on the human body." I picked up the literature, analyzed the material, used the resources of the Internet, conducted a sociological survey to study the level of awareness of my friends, acquaintances, relatives about the effects of ultraviolet rays on the human body. Here's what I got out of it:

1. The sun is a friend! (That's what my friends said.)
2. Sunlight has healing powers. Its rays, primarily ultraviolet, act on the skin and cause complex chemical transformations in the body, as a result of which vitamin D is formed in the skin. (Eighth graders who study anatomy in biology lessons know this)
3. Under the influence of irradiation, the tone rises, metabolism and blood composition improve, and the activity of the endocrine glands is activated. All this has a beneficial effect on the general condition of a person. (This information was voiced by many teachers of our Center)
4. Sunlight has a detrimental effect on pathogenic microbes. The Danish physician N. Finsen in 1903 used the sun's rays to treat tuberculosis of the skin. For these studies he was awarded the Nobel Prize.

People have known since time immemorial that sunlight is both a healer and a reliable ally in the fight against disease. The rays of the sun were widely used as a tonic in Ancient Hellas. The largest sports competitions of antiquity - Olympic Games- were carried out, as a rule, in the most sultry summer months. Exactly at noon, when the sun burned unbearably, tanned athletes went to the start. They performed naked and did not have the right to cover their heads to protect them from the scorching rays of the sun. Hardening by the sun was even more widespread in ancient Rome. As the excavations of Roman cities have shown, literally everywhere: on the roofs of houses, in baths, in gladiatorial schools - solariums were arranged - places for sunbathing. In the Roman Empire, special climatic stations were created for sun treatment. Patients were sent here to receive the necessary healing procedures. In those distant times, people could not explain the miraculous power of the sun's rays.

Now we are well aware of why and how solar energy has a beneficial effect on the human body. It turned out that sunlight consists of visible and invisible rays. The visible part of the spectrum is heterogeneous, consists of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet colored beams, which are clearly visible after a thunderstorm, when there is a rainbow in the sky. Invisible rays are located on both sides of the solar spectrum. Some of them are adjacent to its red part and are called infrared, while others are beyond the violet end and therefore are called ultraviolet. The ultraviolet region of the solar spectrum near the earth's surface accounts for only about 5% of solar radiation. However, this area has the highest biological activity. The effect of magical ultraviolet rays on the body varies and depends on the wavelength. Some of them have a vitamin-forming effect - they contribute to the formation of vitamin D in the skin, the deficiency of which causes a violation of phosphorus-calcium metabolism in the body, leads to rickets in children. Also, UV rays strengthen bone tissue, our immune system, increase our body's resistance to many harmful substances, as well as mental and physical performance, help fight colds and skin diseases. But today sunbathing is becoming dangerous. This is due to the destruction of the ozone layer of the planet, which is also called the ozone shield. It selectively delays the short-wave part of the ultraviolet radiation of the sun, or hard UV radiation, which saves a person from skin cancer, cataract development and possible mutations at the gene level. Reducing the thickness of the ozone layer even by 1% increases the likelihood of these diseases. Human industrial activities (particularly the plastics industry) and atmospheric emissions of fluorocarbons (eg CFCs) used in aerosol cans and as refrigerants in refrigeration systems deplete the ozonosphere. The destruction rate is 0.5 -0.7% per year. This process is uneven, there were periods when over certain regions the thinning of the ozone layer reached 40% (for example, in the spring of 1996 over Western Siberia).

And now I would like to clarify what practical significance my information project has. While staying at the seaside or working on personal plot during the spring - summer period, the possibility of obtaining more UVR energy increases, since outside the city, due to less dust content in the air, ultraviolet radiation is much more intense than in cities. And here - we forget that prolonged exposure to the sun can lead to sad consequences: cause burns, heat stroke, disorders of nervous, cardiovascular, respiratory activity, reduce performance. The skin of the hands and face is the least susceptible to the effects of ultraviolet rays, but due to the fact that it is the face and hands that are the most exposed areas of the body, they are most affected by sunburn. On warm spring days, especially in the first period, when the body does not yet have a tan, in no case should one allow a long (over 30 minutes) exposure to the sun without a shirt. It is necessary to strive to ensure that in sunny weather, especially in the middle of the day, all parts of the body are protected from exposure to all types of sunlight.

When is the best time to sunbathe?The most favorable time for sunbathing is from 9.00 to 11.00 and from 16.00 to 19.00. Even animals in the midday heat climb into the shade of trees and shrubs, and the plant produces special pigments that protect them from UV rays.

When in the sun, be sure to use a hat, sunglasses and cosmetics that have both UVB and UVA protective filters. It is best to apply sunscreen 20 minutes before going outside so that the product has time to be absorbed into the skin. Today, pharmacies and stores sell special photoprotective creams for the body, for protecting the lips - lipstick pencils and lip creams, for hair - mousses and foams with photoprotective properties. And all this must be used to protect yourself from the negative effects of UV radiation.

Important tips for sunbathers:

Special protection requires such areas of our body as shoulders, knees, chest, forehead, nose, which need to be given Special attention and more thoroughly lubricate with sunscreen. Apply sunscreen 20-30 minutes before going out in the sun. This will allow the cream or spray to be absorbed and begin to work.

1. Ultraviolet rays are known to penetrate water up to half a meter deep, so give your preference to waterproof creams, but they must be reapplied after two hours of swimming.
   Even sitting in the shade, you need to apply sunscreen.
2. In windy weather, the possibility of getting a sunburn increases significantly.
3. It is best to sunbathe while moving, such as playing beach volleyball, rather than lying down.
4. Wear hats to avoid sunstroke.
5. Dry your body with a towel after bathing to avoid droplets that can focus the sun's rays and cause a burn.
6. After the beach, take a shower and wash off your sunscreen. Then apply after-sun products with moisturizing ingredients and vitamins B5 (restores skin cells) and vitamin E (prevents premature aging of the skin) on the skin.

In order to sunbathe properly, you also need to eat right. It is known that some foods that we eat contribute to sunburn, and these are well-known apricots, carrots, tomatoes. Foods rich in vitamin D (eggs, cottage cheese, milk, fish) will also help protect our skin from ultraviolet rays. With prolonged exposure to the sun, the content of vitamin C in the body decreases, which means that it is also necessary to include foods rich in this vitamin in your diet (cabbage, currants, parsley, citrus fruits, bell pepper, rose hip).

If you do not abuse sunbathing, then sunburn is not harmful. But an excess of sun can cause irreparable harm to the human body, its immune system, accelerate the aging process of the skin, lead to photodermatitis, the so-called "allergy to the sun" and various malignant formations on the skin. Others have a so-called erythemal and pigmentary effect, i.e. cause redness on the skin.

So what do you do if the sun burns? The burns that a person receives in the bright sun are exactly the same as those that can be obtained by accidentally touching an iron or splashing boiling water on yourself. They differ from ordinary thermal burns only in that they are caused by exposure to ultraviolet radiation. According to the traditional classification, sunburn is the most common. first degree . They are characterized by redness and soreness of the skin. Longer exposure to sunlight leads to burns second degree - with the formation of blisters filled with liquid. Very rarely, solar radiation can cause more severe burns. I learned that a few sunburns before the age of 20 significantly increase the risk of melanoma, a deadly form.skin cancer. In addition, excess sun causes early formation of wrinkles, premature aging of the skin, the appearance of age spots and even the development of cataracts. A person with fair skin can get a sunburn in just 15-30 minutes of exposure to the sun without proper protection. The first symptoms of a sunburn usually appear two to six hours after the injury.

Sunburn symptoms:

1. Reddened, hot to the touch skin
2. Painful sensations in the "burnt" places, slight swelling
3. Elevated temperature
4. slight chills

1. First aid:

1. Get into the shade immediately. Reddened skin is not a sign that the tan has begun to “lay down”, but symptoms of a first-degree burn. Further exposure to the sun will only worsen the burn.
2. Take a close look at the burn. If you are in severe pain, have a fever, and the area where the blisters have formed is larger than one of your arms or abdomen, see your doctor immediately. Without treatment, such a sunburn is fraught with complications.
3. Attention! To reduce inflammation and reduce pain, there are special tools that are sold in pharmacies. In no case should you smear the affected areas with oil, lard, urine, alcohol, cologne and ointments that are not intended for the treatment of burns. The use of such products can lead to a deterioration in the condition, as well as infection of the skin.
4. Be extremely careful about sunburn in the face and neck area. They can cause swelling and difficulty breathing. Be prepared to see a doctor immediately if a similar swelling occurs in a child.
5. If the burns are minor, take a cool shower or bath to soothe the pain.
6. Moisturize burnt skin regularly by special means designed for this.
7. While your sunburn is healing, wear loose-fitting, long-sleeved, organic cotton or silk trousers. Rough fabrics or synthetic materials will irritate the skin, causing pain and redness.
8. Don't take risks. Until the symptoms of sunburn are completely gone and the peeling of the skin does not stop, do not go out into the open sun, even using sunscreen. Recovery can take four to seven days.

UV radiation negatively affects the organs of vision - the eyes. A typical pathology of exposure to sunlight is photokeratoconjunctivitis - acute inflammation of the cornea and conjunctivitis. Depending on the intensity and dose of exposure, it develops in 0.2-24 hours after irradiation. It is accompanied by a sensation of the presence of a solid body in the eyes, lacrimation and photophobia. These symptoms usually reach a maximum at 1-3 days and subside after 2-7 days. Unlike the skin, the eyes do not develop resistance to increased exposure to UV radiation, and the same symptoms occur after a new exposure. During the period of severe photokeratoconjunctivitis, the ability to track moving objects is weakened, the transmission of visible light by the cornea decreases and, apparently, its focusing on the retina is difficult. The reactivity of the retina itself also decreases. Long-term UV exposure can cause cataracts, corneal and retinal degeneration, and choroidal melanoma.

Today, many countries around the world offer to protect your eyes with sunglasses. And there are many such "charms" of our eyes from UV rays on the market. But here's a case: in one Black Sea town, taxi drivers began to complain about a sharp deterioration in vision. It turned out that fashionable sunglasses made in China were to blame. Poor quality glasses plus the southern sun - and in one season the young guys became visually impaired. Diagnosis: cataract and fiber degradation. So how do you choose the right sunglasses? It is a mistake to think that any dark glasses protect the eyes. The most dangerous is the use of glasses with increased transmission in the ultraviolet and blue ranges. The pupil reacts to the brightness of red light. In glasses of poor quality, with blue and ultraviolet zones of transparency, the pupil expands, and the destructive effect of sunlight on the lens and retina of the eye is enhanced. And not all dark glass glasses can protect our eyes from ultraviolet radiation, because ordinary glass transmits blue light and very harmful ultraviolet - B. Therefore, glasses through which everything is seen as purple, blue, cyan or gray are obviously harmful to vision. The inscription on imported glasses "100%" is a sign of good protective properties of glasses, but we must remember that there are also fakes on the shelves of our stores. Glasses have appeared on the modern market that, due to color correction, allow not only to protect the eyes, but also to improve vision. Most importantly, when choosing sunglasses, be careful and purchase them in specialized stores that are licensed and provide a guarantee for the product you purchase.

So, the sun's rays increase metabolism, stimulate hematopoiesis, kill microbes. However, the sun must be used skillfully, without harming your health. As a result, I concluded that the sun's rays are beneficial for a person, as well as harm, if the rules of exposure to the sun are not observed. But tanning is still in fashion in Russia, especially among residents. middle lane, the Far East and colder regions that only see the sun for a few months of the year. It is for them that almost every city provides solarium services - in fitness centers, beauty salons and even in baths and saunas. But are there any benefits to tanning in a tanning bed? I will try to answer this question in my next information project. And I want to finish this project with the following words: may there always be a sun that gives good to a person, and may its energy help everyone to improve health, gain strength and energy.

Literature:

1. Ado V.L. . pathological physiology. TSU Publishing House, 1994.
2. Great Soviet Encyclopedia. T. 26. M.: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1976.
3. Kardashenko. V.N. Hygiene of children and adolescents. M.: Medicine, 1988.
4. Space biology and medicine. T. 3, part 2. - M .: Nauka, 1997.
5. Speransky A.P. Textbook on physiotherapy. Moscow: Medicine, 1975.
6. Starina V.L. Hardening of children. M.: Medicine, 1967
7. Popular medical encyclopedia. M.: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1979.

Traces of various cosmic influences can be found in any geophysical phenomenon.
But if the cosmos affects such grandiose processes as terrestrial magnetism, weather, and even mountain building, then this influence cannot be avoided by the biosphere, i.e., animal and vegetable world Earth, including humans.

At the beginning of this century, a curious incident occurred in the small French resort town of Nice. Strange interruptions arose in the local telephone network, all the more incomprehensible since no faults could be found in the telephone industry. But the most surprising thing was that it was during the same periods that many patients who were resting at the resort complained of a deterioration in their well-being ...

What connection can exist between the operation of telephone sets and the state of people's health? It is clear that none. But at the same time, it is quite possible that both of these phenomena can be consequences of the same cause. What if the Sun is the cause?

Influence of space on the Earth

There are reasons for such an assumption, and quite convincing. The influence of solar activity on biological processes has been noted by many researchers. At the end of the last century, the Russian scientist N. Shvedov discovered a connection between the thickness of annual rings in trees and the activity cycles of our daylight. Other scientists have established a connection between solar activity and the growth of sea corals, the reproduction of fish and rodents, and locust raids. A number of phenomena of the same kind were noticed by such eminent scientists as the famous polar explorer Fridtjof Nansen and the Swedish chemist and cosmogonist Svante Arrhenius.
Finally, more strange coincidences have been found. It was during those periods when volcanic activity intensified in nature, earthquakes became more frequent, hurricanes and storms raged - entire continents were covered by epidemics of plague, cholera and other terrible diseases. Our distant ancestors drew attention to this strange dependence. They called her "worldwide sympathy".

Yes, we know that in nature there really is a general interconnection of phenomena. But, as with the telephones in Nice, this connection need not be direct. It is difficult, in fact, to find a direct relationship between hurricanes and an epidemic of plague. Universal sympathy is a common cause that has produced diverse effects. And everything suggests that this reason is solar activity.
Of course, the greatest interest is the question of the influence of our daylight on living organisms, on humans. Cases like the one at Nice are not enough to draw a valid scientific conclusion. These can be simple coincidences. We needed special wide-ranging observations and experiments.

The effect of the sun on the earth

Such an experiment was started in 1934 on the initiative of the Soviet scientist prof. A. L. Chizhevsky. For a number of years, the International Institute for the Study of Solar, Terrestrial and Cosmic Radiations, of which he was honorary chairman, sent out special notices to French hospitals and hospitals about upcoming periods of increased solar activity. During these periods, doctors had to pay special attention to various deviations in the condition of patients, changes in blood pressure, fluctuations in temperature, and the appearance of pain.
This information was sent to the Institute of Radiation and compared with astronomical data on fluctuations in solar activity.

The results of the observations turned out to be very curious. So, for example, 40 thousand acute heart attacks were registered. And when doctors drew a curve showing how these attacks were distributed over time, it turned out that it is an almost exact copy of the graph of changes in solar activity over the same period, compiled by astronomers. It was on those days when the activity of the daylight reached its maximum that the number of heart diseases increased sharply.
Already in our time, the Leningrad researcher B. Rybkin, having analyzed a large amount of material, confirmed that the number of myocardial infarction diseases increases significantly on days of increased solar activity.

Another group of doctors found that 84% of exacerbations of various chronic diseases coincide with the passage of sunspots through the central part of the solar disk.
Along with this, prof. Chizhevsky began to test a possible connection between fluctuations in solar activity and plague epidemics. He managed to compile a chronological table of epidemics, starting from 430 BC and ending in 1839. Comparison of this table with the graph of solar activity fully confirmed the assumption of the scientist. Plague outbreaks coincide with the appearance of a large number of sunspots on the Sun. A similar relationship was found for other diseases: cholera, influenza, diphtheria, relapsing fever, etc.

Observations made by Soviet scientists on Far East, showed that large outbreaks of encephalitis diseases coincided with the maxima of solar activity in 1947 and 1957.
There is also evidence of a connection between fluctuations in solar activity and the emergence of new variants of the influenza virus.

But after all, epidemic diseases are among the infectious diseases - they arise as a result of the impact on the human body of various microbes and bacteria. Consequently, solar activity must have some effect on the vital activity of the Earth's microorganisms. Indeed, Prof. Chizhevsky managed to discover that some bacteria are extremely sensitive to fluctuations in solar activity. A few days before the spots appear, they dramatically change their color. Further study of the relationship between solar activity and microorganisms is of great interest not only for medicine. After all, bacteria play a huge role in the circulation of matter on Earth.
The relationship between fluctuations in solar activity and some of the biological processes in question is one of the so-called statistical relationships. Establishing an undoubted connection between two natural processes, they at the same time say nothing about the mechanism of this connection. But, on the other hand, behind every statistical regularity, a very real chain of causes and effects is necessarily hidden. The further task of science is to discover, one by one, the links of this, for the time being, invisible chain.

What links of the mysterious chain linking solar activity and biological processes are already known to us? In 1941, the Japanese scientist Maki Tokata noticed that the properties of human blood depend on solar radiation. Tokata studied the reaction of protein flocculation in blood serum when certain reagents were added. It turned out that its intensity depends on the height of the Sun above the horizon: it gradually increases by noon and decreases by evening, and daily course This reaction does not depend on where the person is - on the street or indoors, nor on the state of the weather. The man turned out to be like a living sundial.
In recent years, the Soviet hematologist I. Schultz, working in Sochi, for the first time managed to establish that fluctuations in solar activity lead to changes in blood composition. With increasing activity, the number of red blood cells increases and the number of white cells decreases. Influence of solar activity on cardiovascular system of a person begins to be taken into account in the treatment of sanatorium patients.

Another important link in the solar-terrestrial connection was discovered by the Italian scientist prof. Giorgio Piccardi. Prof. Piccardi drew attention to one curious circumstance, which for some reason had not interested anyone before. Scientists-chemists have repeatedly encountered the fact that if the same experiment is repeated several times, then it is never possible to obtain exactly the same results. It would seem that all the conditions are the same: the same reagents, the same temperature, the same sequence of actions of the experimenter, but the result is somewhat different. Chemists said: random deviations, chance ...
But if the case stubbornly repeats itself from time to time, this is no longer an accident, but a pattern. Incomprehensible deviations must have some reason. Perhaps the whole point, Piccardi suggested, is that different experiments were performed at different times. At the same time, the "cosmic situation" and, above all, the level of solar activity could change. In this case, one has only to regret that the colossal and invaluable material of many so-called "unsuccessful experiments" disappeared without a trace and without any benefit to science. And in general, when registering the results of their experiments, chemists in most cases did not record exactly when this or that experiment was carried out. But different years, months, hours and even minutes are various physical conditions in the near-Earth outer space.

Piccardi decided to fill this gap and traced the influence of cosmic phenomena on chemical processes. Why chemical? because chemical reactions extremely sensitive to external influences. As an indicator, the Italian scientist chose a very simple "chemical test" - the rate of the reaction of precipitation in an aqueous solution of bismuth chloride.
During the International Geophysical Year, chemists from all over the world joined the observations under the "Piccardi program". Every day at the same hours at different locations the globe on different meridians and parallels, the same experiment was carried out and the rate of sedimentation was recorded. The results were extremely interesting. In whatever regions of the planet the experiments were carried out, they simultaneously, as if on command, gave exactly the same deviations. But such consistency indicates that changes in the course of the control reaction cause causes on a cosmic, or at least planetary scale.

Sun and Earth's geomagnetism

The chief of these causes was not so difficult to discover. The curves on the graphs, depicting deviations in the course of the control reaction depending on time, were a fairly accurate copy of the graph of changes in solar activity over the same periods. But the main question is whether solar radiation affects aqueous solutions directly or through some intermediate physical processes?
You can make such an experiment: prepare the same solutions of bismuth chloride in two test tubes and monitor the rate of precipitation. If both solutions are under the same conditions, then when the experiment is repeated many times, the number of cases when the precipitate falls out in the first test tube earlier than in the second will be approximately equal to the number of opposite cases. This indicates the random nature of such deviations. But if you change the conditions of the experiment and place one of the test tubes under a metal cap, then the “balance” of deviations will be violated. In 70% of cases, the precipitate will precipitate earlier in a shielded tube.
This result suggests that the rate of precipitation depends on the state of the Earth's electromagnetic field; after all, the metal screen serves as an obstacle precisely for electromagnetic influences. Such a conclusion is in good agreement with the existing theory of water, according to which the molecules of this liquid form a regular spatial structure, similar to a crystalline one. But, unlike ordinary crystals, water molecules are connected to each other by elastic hydrogen bonds, which can easily be deformed: compressed or stretched under the influence of electromagnetic fields. In all likelihood, it is precisely such changes in the arrangement of molecules that explain the deviations in the rate of the precipitation reaction during fluctuations in solar activity.
Such a hypothesis is all the more plausible since the increase in solar activity is usually accompanied by bursts of radio emission, including those with a wavelength of 3 cm, which are well absorbed by water.
But water is the main life solvent, which is directly involved in all biological processes. Suffice it to say that the human body is 71% water. And since Piccardi's experiments have convincingly shown that solar activity affects the state of aqueous solutions, it should also affect living organisms. From this point of view, the correlation (i.e., dependence) of biological and solar phenomena, which was discussed above, becomes understandable.

However, the mechanism of the interrelation of these processes is still unclear. It is curious that the adverse physiological effect is not so much a high but constant level of solar activity as its sharp increase. This circumstance also speaks in favor of the assumption of the biological role of electromagnetic fields. The fact is that, as is known from physics, the magnitude of the magnetic field that occurs when the electric field fluctuates depends on the rate of change of the latter, and, conversely, the electric field strength is determined by the rate of change of the magnetic field.
But be that as it may, the very fact of a close relationship between the processes occurring on the surface of our daylight and in the human body is beyond doubt. And it is very likely that even before all the regularities of this connection are clarified, screened wards will appear in hospitals for heart patients, protecting patients from harmful fluctuations in the earth's magnetic field.
The sun is the closest star to us, and therefore its influence on aqueous solutions is especially noticeable. But the possibility is not ruled out that in addition to solar activity, there may be other, albeit weaker, cosmic influences. They, according to Prof. Pic-cardi may be associated with changes in the position of the solar system in the Galaxy, as well as the effects of interstellar force fields. Italian scientists came to this conclusion after a thorough analysis of the results of numerous experiments with aqueous solutions.
Space surrounds us everywhere, - says prof. Pik-cardi.- To be in it, it is not at all necessary to go on an interplanetary journey. You don't even have to leave your own home.
The connection between solar activity and terrestrial phenomena is indisputable. But so far, all dependences of the "Sun-biosphere" type are of a statistical nature. In other words, a number of coincidences in time between fluctuations in solar activity and biological phenomena have been registered.
However, conclusions about causal relationships drawn on a statistical basis may also be erroneous. Therefore, the primary task facing scientists working in this field is to reveal the specific mechanism of the impact of solar activity on the biosphere.

The sun is light, the sun is warmth, the sun is everything. If there were no Sun, or if it were different, life on Earth would also be different. Or maybe it would not exist at all ... Many religions are based on the worship of the Sun. In India - Brahma, personifying the principle of good, in Egypt - Osiris - a symbol of eternal life (dies in the evening, reborn again in the morning), among the Persians - Mithra, Adonai (now one of the names of God in Judaism and Christianity) among the Phoenicians, among the Greeks - Apollo . There was a god of the Sun - Yarilo and the Russians. In Islam, the day of the spring solstice on March 21 is celebrated with a special holiday "Navruz". The Bretorians believe that one can live life on a diet of sunlight, air, and water.

There is no doubt that the sun is necessary for the body.

More recent studies by a group of scientists led by Richard Weller (Edinburgh) found that when a person is in the sun, blood pressure decreases, the formation of blood clots decreases, and therefore the sun not only improves health, but also prolongs life, and can prevent the occurrence of serious diseases such as stroke and a heart attack. And if you put on the scales the benefit of preventing heart disease and the harm of the possibility of cancer, then the first will outweigh.

The conclusions of scientists are relevant, because previously the main advantage of being in the sun was only one thing - the production of vitamin D.

Scientists warn that the time spent in the sun will be studied in the future. Only the first conclusions have been made.

The benefits of the sun

• Serotonin is produced in the brain under the influence of the sun (let us clarify that serotonin is produced not only under the influence of the sun) - a hormone that plays a huge role in the processes of blood clotting, affects allergic reactions, it is called the "hormone of happiness", the presence of serotonin in the blood in sufficient quantities increases mood, responsible for sexual arousal.
• Under the action of the sun, vitamin D (calciferol) is produced, which helps to strengthen bone tissue, helps to remove heavy metals from the body, and helps to strengthen the immune system.
• Under the influence of the sun's rays, the biologically inert nitrite NO 3 is released in the body and converted into nitrate and nitric oxide, which lower blood pressure and reduce the likelihood of heart attacks and strokes.
• The sun has an antibacterial effect, the number of acne decreases, wounds and cuts heal faster, which means that the skin becomes better.

Sun damage

• Sunburn is a protective reaction of the body to the action of sunlight, it is the first sign of the harmful effects of the sun on the human body. With further exposure to the sun, you can get a burn (the skin hurts, redness appears, then the skin peels off). Some people may develop melanoma (skin cancer).
• Harmful to eyes/
• Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet rays dries the skin, which means it contributes to aging.
• Prolonged exposure to the sun can cause sunstroke. Signs: nausea, increased heart rate, fever. Loss of consciousness and even death is possible.

When in the sun, you need to take some precautionary measures:

• Put on a headdress on your head, preferably light;
• Use special means from sunburn;
• Put on your sunglasses;
• Try to avoid being in the sun during the day between 11 am and 4 pm.

Considering that the sun's rays are harmful, many girls began to replace natural tan with artificial. Of course, the opportunity to get a beautiful tan of the whole body attracts. But remember that fake tan is no less harmful. In addition, it does not bring the joy of being in the sun. A healthy lifestyle will allow you to do without artificial tanning.
Many women are embarrassed to go to the beach because of a few extra pounds. Diet by the summer will help you lose weight quickly and effectively. Having corrected their food a certain way aside healthy eating, You can not only enjoy the sun 's rays , but also help your body adjust in such a way as to get not burnt skin in spots , but a beautiful chocolate tan .

6 components of a beautiful tan:

• Tyrosine - amino acidfrom which melanin is formed, there is a protein food;
• Tryptophan - an essential amino acid that is not produced in the human body and must be supplied with protein foods, stimulates the immune system;
• Beta-carotene - a pigment that helps protect the skin from ultraviolet radiation and, consequently, burns, antioxidant, found in red, yellow products of plant origin;
• Tocopherol - vitamin E, prevents the removal of moisture from the surface of the skin, and as a result - aging, the main content in vegetable oils;
• Selenium - a chemical element, strengthens the immune system, is found in large quantities in seafood (squid, seaweed), cabbage, garlic;
• Lycopene is a pigment that promotes an even tan, found in red fruits.

The sun will not offend, but it can punish. Therefore, do not neglect the rules of sun protection. Whether the sun will bring joy or bring trouble - it depends only on you. healthy image life without life-giving rays is not possible. Diseases dwell where the Sun rarely looks.

Interesting: the sun normalizes the production of female hormones in both women and men. BUT

Thanks to the Sun, life exists on Earth. But in addition to the obvious reasons for the influence of the Sun on our lives, scientists are constantly discovering more and more new relationships between the phenomena occurring on the Sun and what happens in the life of every person.

1. Solar poles and space exploration

According to NASA, in 2012, the Sun's north pole changed its polarity from positive to negative. And in 2013 South Pole also suddenly changed its polarity from negative to positive. The consequences of these changes in the electromagnetic field of the Sun will be felt for a very long time, although they are not too serious. Changes in the electromagnetic field have even been recorded by the Voyager space probes at the edge of our solar system. Also, cosmic rays can cause serious problems for astronauts and lead to failure of space probe equipment. Moreover, scientists have suggested that cosmic rays also affect global climate Earth.

2. Source of life and duration of life

In 2007, the results of a study by Psybernetics Research Group scientists were published, according to which it was found that those born during the three-year peaks of activity of the 11-year sunspot cycle always have a shorter life expectancy than other people. The researchers surveyed more than 300,000 Maine citizens over 29 years. It turned out that those born during the peak of solar activity live 1-1.5 years less. Men were somewhat more susceptible to this effect and also more prone to various diseases. In addition, solar radiation has long-term effects on human genetics and evolution. In relatively recent history, chaotic bursts of solar radiation during solar storms are thought to have reduced human fertility and shortened life expectancy.

3. Connection of solar activity and suicides

Russian researcher Oleg Shumilov discovered unexpected facts when studying records of geomagnetic activity from 1948 to 1997. He found that geomagnetic activity peaked three times each year: from March to May, in July, and in October. When he compared the data on the number of suicides in the city of Kirovsk for the same period, he found a significant correlation between geomagnetic activity and the number of suicides. In 2006, his findings were confirmed by the Australians at Bioelectromagnetics, who found a similar relationship.

4. Sunspots and significant events in history

Russian scientist A. L. Chizhevsky presented to the American Meteorological Society his research on the correlation between global events and 11-year cycles of solar activity. According to Chizhevsky, each 11-year cycle occurred in four stages: minimum solar activity, an increase in sunspot activity, maximum sunspot activity, and a decrease in activity. Similarly, the activity of the human community took place. Based on this, Chizhevsky created the Index of Human Mass Excitability. Overlaying it over the entire history from 500 B.C. BC. up to 1922 in 72 different countries, Chizhevsky found that 80 percent of all significant events, such as wars, revolutions, riots, and mass migrations, occurred during maximum solar activity.

5. Sun and Arthritis

The possibility of a connection between solar storms and diseases such as arthritis has recently been proven. Although the cause of this relationship is unknown, further research may lead to the possibility of prevention of this disease. The authors of the work analyzed the incidence of rheumatoid arthritis and giant cell arteritis and found that within 12 months after the peak of geomagnetic activity, the number of new cases of these diseases increased sharply, and with a minimum of activity, it also sharply decreased.

6. Solar wind and flu

The sunspot cycle affects human health. It has long been found that the occurrence of serious influenza pandemics corresponds to 11-year cycles on the Sun. One theory is that the effect of sunspots on the world's weather may be delaying the migration of migratory birds that carry the virus. As a result, these birds infect other birds for a longer time, which then transmit the disease to chickens, ducks and other poultry. Some even suggest that the virus is born in outer space and is brought into the Earth's atmosphere by the solar wind during its activity.

7. The stock market and peak solar activity

In the early 20th century, there was a theory that the American economy had something to do with sunspot cycles. Since then, this theory has been repeatedly criticized, but the fact remains that economists still note that the market does have activity cycles of 11 years, which roughly coincide with the activity cycle of the Sun. Solar activity also affects the growth of vegetation and crops.

8. Earthquakes and the sun

The study of earthquakes that have occurred over the past 400 years has shown a significant correlation with high solar activity. Data from the same study also showed that there were many times fewer earthquakes during periods of minimum solar activity. The researchers hypothesized that the increase in seismic events during times of greater activity on the Sun may be due to high blood pressure on the Earth's magnetosphere due to the higher speed of the solar wind.

9. Effect of sunlight on physical and mental health

Everyone knows that excessive exposure to ultraviolet rays can be devastating to health. It turns out that the Sun can cause not only burns and skin cancer, but also mental illness. Light therapy has previously been shown to be effective for patients suffering from certain types of depression, mania and dementia. Lack of exposure to sunlight for pregnant women may increase the chance of their unborn children developing schizophrenia. However, in 2004, a study found that excessive exposure to intense UV rays leads to serious mental illness. During solar storms, the amount of ultraviolet radiation increases by as much as 300 percent. In the last 55 years, when the number of solar storms has increased significantly, there has been an increase in cases of mental illness.

10. Sunspot cycles and heavy rainfall

Kurt Stager, a paleoclimatologist at Paul Smith College in New York, has collected rainfall data in East Africa over the past 100 years and compared it to 11-year solar activity cycles. Stager discovered that heavy rains in East Africa have always preceded peak sunspot activity. But the floods caused by heavy rains in East Africa cause many serious problems, including landslides and the spread of diseases such as Rift Valley fever.

Feel comfortable even on the sunniest days will allow.