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Municipal educational institution
"Average comprehensive school No. 3 of Kozmodemyansk
Republic of Mari El
Summary of the lesson on the world around us in grade 2
Prepared
primary school teacher
Kozikova Natalya Sergeevna
Kozmodemyansk
2013
Topic: invisible threads in winter forest.
Target: introduce students to natural connections in the winter forest.
Tasks:
Educational: to systematize and expand students' understanding of animals, plants, their way of life, and ecological connections.
Developing: develop the ability to analyze, compare, reason, establish logical relationships.
Educational: cultivate respect, careful attitude to nature, the desire to work together, to participate in the search for something new.
Lesson type: combined lesson.
Planned results: learn about the relationship between plants and animals in the winter forest; learn to give examples of invisible threads in the winter forest.
Lesson equipment: computer, multimedia projector, screen, presentation of the lesson on the topic: "Invisible threads in the winter forest" Pleshakov A.A. The world. Grade 2, M.: Enlightenment, 2011. Workbook.
During the classes.
Student:
Hello, forest, dense forest,
Full of fairy tales and wonders!
What are you making noise about?
Dark, stormy night?
What are you whispering at dawn
All in dew, as in silver?
Who is hiding in your wilderness?
What kind of animal? What bird?
Open everything, do not hide:
You see - we are ours!
S. Pogorelovskiy
II. Knowledge update
I invite you guys to the winter forest,
Where there are many fabulous miracles,
Where the blizzard covered the road,
Where clumsy bear sleeping in a den
Where in the ice palace she lives herself
Beauty, sorceress - winter.
(Fantasy. What could you see in the winter forest?)
— How winter affected the life of plants and animals. How do trees winter?
— deciduous trees they dropped their leaves, and the conifers are standing green.
— How do shrubs and grasses winter?
- Shrubs shed their leaves, grasses turn yellow, but not all.
— What grasses go green under the snow?
- Strawberries, hoof, and also
winter wheat, rye.
Why don't they freeze?
— Snow protects from frost. How more snow, the easier plants to move winter frosts
Now let's talk about the life of birds in winter.
- Children, do all the birds stay for the winter? Why?
What are the names of the birds that fly away to warmer climes in autumn?
Why are they flying away?
What are the names of the birds that stay over the winter? (wintering)
Name the wintering birds. (Tit, sparrow, woodpecker, dove, tit, bullfinch, magpie, crow)
Birds that feed on insects have flown to warmer climes. Magpies, tits, sparrows, nuthatch, woodpecker, crossbill remain to winter. They continue to lead an active lifestyle. sparrows, magpies, crows feed near human dwellings. Woodpecker and pika feed on insect larvae, getting them from under the bark of trees. Jays, goldfinches, tits collect the remaining fruits and seeds of plants .
- What birds come to us to winter from the north?
- They flew to us for the winter from northern regions bullfinches and waxwings. Rowan berries are the best medicine for them.
The children also prepared messages about wintering birds.
Crossbill lives in coniferous forests. The beak of crossbills is adapted to feed on the seeds of cones, so the upper and lower halves of the beak are crossed. The male is painted bright color and the female is greyish-green. These birds breed their chicks in the winter, because. It is in winter that they have a lot of food.
Tit - This is a dexterous mobile bird. She does not fly away for the winter to warmer climes. It usually nests in the hollows of trees. The bright yellow chest and belly of this bird are divided in half by a wide black stripe, and there is a black cap on its head. In summer it feeds on bugs, worms, and in winter it eats everything: bread crumbs and boiled vegetables. But he especially loves unsalted lard.
Waxwings- come to us from the north and stay all winter. Her wings are black with bright yellow stripes. Red spots are scattered at the ends of the feathers and on the head. A very pretty bird. They sing softly, usually whistle softly. For this they were called waxwings.
Winter is a difficult time for animals.
- Guys, how can you help the birds to endure a difficult time?
You can make a feeder, hang it on a tree, bring food there, hang a piece of fat at the window for tits.
In the forest you can meet different animals and birds. But will we meet everyone in winter? Let's look at the pictures and photographs and name those animals that you will not meet in the winter forest.
/Children go out in turn and choose pictures/
– Why don't we meet bear, badger and hedgehog in winter? (they hibernate for the winter)
We will learn about how some animals hibernate from the messages prepared by the guys.
And you will guess who the first message will be about by guessing the riddle.
a) Guess the riddle:
I wear a fluffy coat
I live in a dense forest.
In a hollow on an old oak tree.
I chew nuts .
Squirrel. By winter, the squirrel insulates its nest, which serves as reliable protection for it during severe frosts and bad weather. The squirrel builds its nest in the forks of branches or in hollows of trees. In frosts, when it is very cold, squirrels do not run through the forest, they hide in nests. A squirrel's nest is called Gaino. A ball of branches high on the trees. It has one or two exits, and inside the walls are lined with moss. By winter, the squirrel makes food supplies. It is amusing to watch how a squirrel is looking for nuts: it will tap its paw on the branches of a hazel tree and see which one sways more. So there are nuts on this branch. He selects the best fruits for food and in reserve. Mushrooms in the summer and autumn dries the squirrel itself. Bite the fungus - is it tasty? Then he pricks on a knot - let it dry until winter. It happens that hundreds and even thousands of squirrel fungi will dry out over the summer.
b) The owner of the forest
Waking up in the spring
And in winter under a blizzard howl
Sleeping in a snow hut .
Bear. Before going to the den, the bear confuses its tracks, like a hare, winds through the wind-fallen, water, jumps sideways from the track, in a word, it will walk back and forth more than once. A lair - a hole dug somewhere under the roots of a tree, is lined with grass, dry ferns even before the first snow. The bear lies down with his head to the manhole, covers his muzzle with his paw and sleeps. At this time, he does not eat food, but lives off the accumulated fat. It is said that bears suck their paws in the den in winter. In fact, the old rough skin comes off the bear's feet, and the young tender skin needs to be warmed. Therefore, the bear licks the soles with a hot tongue, smacking his lips at this time. So it seems that he is sucking his paw. If you wake up the bear, then he leaves the den hungry and at this time it can be very dangerous. It is called a bear - connecting rod.
The horns are heavy by weight,
He walks importantly through the forest:
He is the host, not the guest
Gloomy and angry...
- Elk- forest giant All of it reaches up to 400 kg. This animal needs a lot of food. An elk slowly wanders among bushes and young trees, eating their branches. If he meets a fallen aspen, he gnaws at the bark. All of this food is nutritious. Scientists have calculated: an elk can eat more than 1,700 twigs per day! From time to time, the elk rests, burrowing into the loose snow. And then back to food.
c) Behind the trees, bushes
The flame flashed quickly.
Flashed, ran.
There is no smoke or fire.
Fox. The fox hunts at dusk or at night for birds, hares, hedgehogs. Sneaks up to prey unnoticed, suddenly rushes at it and grabs sharp teeth. He loves, like a cat, to play with prey. In winter, you can see how the fox sniffs the snow. In fact, by smell under the snow, she tracks down mice, quickly digs snow with her front paws and grabs prey. Destroying mice, the fox benefits. During heavy snowstorms and bad weather, she seeks shelter, curls up in a ball and hides behind her tail.
Grey, toothy
Roaring across the field
Looking for calves, lambs.
Wolf- a strong, intelligent predator. Its prey is not only hares, but also large animals - wild boar, elk. Wolves usually hunt in small packs. They can long, stubbornly pursue their prey. True, in deep, loose snow they
it is difficult to run, and often the wolves remain hungry.
d) The oblique does not have a lair,
He doesn't need a hole.
Legs save from enemies
And from hunger - bark .
Hare. Hares have stronger hind legs than their front legs. He runs on loose snow on his pubescent paws easily, like on Canadian skis, He sleeps lightly, dozing half asleep with open eyes just closing them for a minute. During heavy snowstorms and snowfalls, it hides in shallow pits, in bushes, a hare lies down in a hole from a lope, so there are no traces nearby.
Physical education "Hares"
Where is the bunny hiding?
Guess the riddle
What kind of girl?
Not a seamstress, not a craftswoman.
Doesn't sew anything
And in needles all year round.
(Spruce)
And who else will we meet at the Christmas tree?
Without wings
And faster birds
It flies from tree to tree.
(Squirrel)
Which bird breeds chicks in winter?
(Crossbill)
In the middle of the forest
Blacksmiths forge.
(Woodpeckers)
Is there a connection between these animals?
— All of them are on the spruce or hide under the paws of the spruce.
— Animals hide among the branches of spruce, find food.
Message about the topic and purpose of the lesson
Today we will look at this connection. What shall we name the topic of our lesson?
"Invisible threads in the winter forest"
What do we call invisible threads?
— Invisible threads we called connections that are everywhere in nature.
The inanimate and Live nature, plants and animals, various animals.
Statement of the problem and discovery of the new.
Spruce is one of the most interesting and beautiful trees our forest.
- With whom is the spruce friends? Let's open the textbooks on p.36 - Imagine that we are entering a clearing in the middle of which a beautiful spruce grows.
Let's read in the textbook a story called "Who is the spruce friends with?"
/ A well-read student reads a story. /
- Look at the diagram.
How is the life of animals connected with spruce?
— Animals feed on spruce seeds.
- Hiding among the branches of spruce, under them.
- Crossbills build nests on spruce in winter and feed their chicks with spruce seeds.
- But there is also a connection between animals - "friends" of spruce.
How do animals help each other? Let's read the story on p. 38 in the textbook / A well-read student reads the story. /
So, there is a peculiarity in the nutrition of the crossbill: tearing off a spruce cone, it eats out only part of the seeds from it, and then throws it away. Cones thrown by crossbills pick up squirrels and woodpeckers in the snow, and this makes it easier for them to find food. But even more important are the cones dropped by the crossbill for wood mice and voles, which themselves cannot pick them off the trees. This is how interesting the life of the winter forest is, how complex, although invisible at first glance, the connections in the winter forest.
On the example of only one Christmas tree, we were convinced that it serves both as a shelter for animals and provides them with food.
Think about why you can call them friends of spruce?
- They are connected by a food chain, carry seeds.)
What do you think, if spruce had no such friends, could the seeds get into the ground?
It turns out that the cones of spruce open themselves, as soon as the February or March sun begins to warm them, and light winged seeds fall out of them, which the wind picks up and spreads into different sides.
So, using the example of only one Christmas tree, we were convinced that it is connected by invisible threads with animals, because. she serves as their shelter, provides them with food.
Consolidation of the studied.
– Open your workbooks to p. 20 and complete task 1 /Students complete the task/
Quiz
What birds are friends with spruce?
What animals are friends with spruce?
Who sleeps in the snow under the fluffy branches of spruce?
Which bird has a beak adapted to husking seeds from cones?
Physical education for the eyes "Herringbone"
What if…
Cut down all the spruce.
– Recently, a holiday has passed - New Year. On this holiday, it is customary to bring a spruce into the house. Now imagine that someone cut down our Christmas tree for their holiday. What would happen? / The teacher takes a picture of a spruce from the blackboard / (Animals would be left without a home, food, shelter.)
– But what about? (It is necessary to put an artificial spruce or decorate a tree in nature.) Take care of the fir!
By cutting down spruces, we deprive animals of their homes, shelter, and food.
Summing up the lesson
– So our lesson has come to an end. What new did you learn?
What do we call invisible threads?
Do they exist in the winter forest?
Did you enjoy our walk today? Everyone who likes it can “plant” their little Christmas tree by attaching it to the board. (The guys have paper Christmas trees on their desks, and those who wish can go to the board and attach their Christmas tree to it.)
VIII. Homework.
Used Books:
Pleshakov A.A., Textbook "The World Around", 2 hours - Moscow: "Enlightenment", 2011
Kazakova O.V., N.A. Sboeva. Lesson developments for the course “The world around. Grade 2 "- M. "Enlightenment", 2006
Pleshakov. A. A. Workbook for a textbook for grade 2. 2 hours "The world around" M .: "Enlightenment", 2011
Let's remember
- What do we call invisible threads? What groups do we divide them into?
- What invisible threads have we found in the autumn forest?
Who is spruce friends with?
Let's go in search of invisible threads in the winter forest.
Here we have a beautiful spruce. It is a straight, slender tree. It can be very high. And lives up to 500 years! Branches with green needles densely cover the trunk. On many of them we will see cones, and in them we will find seeds.
For forest animals, spruce is a nurse and protector.
Squirrels, woodpeckers, crossbills are able to deftly get seeds from its cones. This is their main food. winter time. And what they do not eat, they will drop, forest mice will pick up in the snow.
Squirrels and birds hide from enemies in dense spruce branches. And the crossbills here also make nests in winter, they hatch chicks! The cold is not terrible for them if there is enough food.
Many spruce branches reach almost to the ground. Behind this green curtain, even a hare can hide from the wind and a predatory beast.
- Follow the diagram of the connection between spruce and forest animals.
- Using your knowledge of the winter life of birds and animals, give other examples of invisible threads in the winter forest (8).
How animals help each other
Let's see how our old friend, the jay, is doing. She has hidden a lot of acorns in her pantries and now she is looking for them and eating them. But here's the problem: the jay does not know how to get acorns out of deep snow. What should she do?
A squirrel comes to the rescue. For her, pantry jays are a wonderful find. Deftly digging deep snow, the squirrel eats part of the acorns. After her, the hostess of the pantry flies to the dug-up place and finishes what is left.
But this is not all forest tricks.
The squirrel is helped to feed ... crossbills. It turns out that the crossbill eats out only a small part of the seeds from the cone. Then he throws a bump, and it goes to the squirrel.
But crossbills involuntarily help not only squirrels! The cones thrown by them are often picked up by a woodpecker. And even more often they are found and eaten up by voles and wood mice.
That's how closely related different animals are in the winter forest!
Let's play!
- Come up with and play with the guys scenes from the life of the winter forest, playing the roles of various animals. You can use costumes and masks for the game.
Let's think!
- How would the life of the forest be disturbed if all the oaks suddenly disappeared? all pines and spruces? all proteins? all crosses? all jays?
- What connections did we study in the lesson? Choose the correct answers: a) connections between inanimate and living nature; b) connections between plants and animals; c) connections between different animals; d) the relationship between nature and man.
Let's check ourselves
- Why did we call spruce a nurse and protector?
- What animal lives on spruce?
- How are jays and squirrels related in the winter forest?
- How does the crossbill help feed other animals in the forest?
The purpose of the lesson: generalization and systematization of knowledge about winter changes in living and inanimate nature.
Lesson objectives:
- To acquaint children with changes in inanimate and living nature with the advent of winter.
- Formulate concepts: winter phenomena in nature.
- Enrich children's knowledge of natural connections.
During the classes
1. Organizational moment.
2. Checking homework.
Verification work on the topic "Life in the city and the village."
1. What is the main city in our region?
2. In my area grow ...
a) Cacti, cypresses.
b) Spruce, birch, aspen.
c) Yagel, cranberry, willow.
d) feather grass.
3. What institutions of additional education do you attend?
a) Music school.
b) Art school.
c) Sports school.
d) House of children's creativity.
4. What machines work in agriculture?
5. Finish the sentences:
- Theater, circus, museum, library - ................. institutions. School, gymnasium, college, technical school, college, university - ................. institutions.
6. Who does what? Connect with arrows.
3. Preparation for the perception of new material.
What season is it now?
What happened in inanimate nature late autumn?
Tell us about your observations of trees and shrubs that occurred in late autumn.
How have they changed herbaceous plants? Why?
How did the cold snap affect the lives of animals?
What is the weather like in late autumn? How does it affect people's health?
How do people protect themselves from colds?
Conclusion. The leaf fall is over. The grass withered and withered, the flowers disappeared. Only coniferous trees stand in a green dress. But the larch dropped its needles, it is tender. The life of people has also changed in autumn. Why is there a different time of the year? Why can't there be eternal summer, for example?
4. New material.
Many miracles have been prepared for us by nature-sorceress. One of them is the change of seasons.
Every year one season correctly follows another.
List the seasons in the order they follow each other.
Is there a sharp boundary for the change of seasons?
What seasons are very different from each other?
Conclusion. There are 4 seasons on earth. The main ones are winter and summer, because. they differ sharply from each other. Spring and autumn are transitional seasons.
What is the reason for the change of seasons? This is due to the tilt of the earth's axis and due to the rotation of the earth around the sun. The Earth moves around the Sun slowly, exactly a year - 365 days. The earth's axis is tilted, so one part the globe is closer to the Sun, it will be warmer there - summer. In the part that is farther from the Sun, it is colder, there is winter. If both hemispheres are equally illuminated, then spring or autumn comes. But there are always different seasons in both hemispheres.
Picture 1
What season are we talking about? Listen to an excerpt from the story.
“... The house was made of ice: the doors, windows, and the floor were ice, and the walls were covered with snow stars; the sun shone on them, and everything in the house shone. On the bed instead of a feather bed lay fluffy snow.
(V. Odoevsky "Moroz Ivanovich".)
From what fairy tale, who remembered?
Do you recognize this passage?
"Do not crack frosts,
In the reserved forest
At the pine, at the birch,
Don't chew on the bark!
Full of crows to freeze
Cool down human habitation!..."
(S. Marshak "Twelve months".)
What season are we talking about?
How did you guess?
What other fairy tales about winter do you remember? What poems about winter do you know? Read.
What are these works about? What unites them? What winter phenomena do the authors describe? (Blizzards, snowstorms, drifting snow, snowstorm...)
Not only Russian writers and poets sang of this season, but also artists and composers wrote brilliant works about winter.
(On the board is a reproduction of K. Yuon's painting "Russian Winter".)
Figure 2
Look, this is a reproduction of K. Yuon's painting, do you like it? What colors did the artist choose and why? What mood is the author conveying? Why so decided? K. Yuon called the painting "Russian Winter", why do you think?
A P.I. Tchaikovsky, the great Russian composer, admiring the beauties of nature and trying to convey his moods with music, wrote pieces for the piano. He combined them into an album and called it "The Seasons". The album contains 12 small pieces that reflect in the music every month of the year.
name winter months. (December January February.)
The people call December - "jelly" or "lute". Why? January - "section". It cuts the winter into two parts. February - "crooked roads", "bokogrey" - for the fact that thaws are frequent, it is bad to ride a sleigh, hence the "crooked roads". Tchaikovsky has his own names for the months. December - "Svyatki", January - "At the stove" (by the fireplace or hearth for heating), February - "Shrovetide". Why do you think Tchaikovsky's months are named like that?
Listen to the play "December. Christmas time. I liked it. How?
What are the main signs of winter? (Cold snap, snow cover...)
Do you love winter? Why? Then I invite you to visit the winter.
5. Physical education minute.
Warm-up game "Snow" (movements are invented by the teacher).
"On spruce paws - snow, snow,
Stumps in fluffy hats, snow, snow,
The field sparkled, snow, snow,
White expanse, snow, snow,
Through the meadows, glades, snow, snow,
On a glass skating rink - snow, snow,
And flies, spinning snow, snow,
Our faces are blushing snow, snow,
Winds a white swarm of snow, snow,
We catch snow, snow in the palm of our hands.
(According to I. Leshkevich.)
6. Phenomena in inanimate nature.
Continued work on new material.
List some of the fun things kids do in the winter? What are snowmen made of? Does anyone know how snow is formed? I will remind you the secret of the birth of snowflakes.
Water vapor rises high - high, where severe cold reigns. Here, tiny ice-crystals are formed from water vapor. It's not snowflakes yet. They are very small. But the hexagonal crystal grows and, finally, becomes a large star. Their shape is very different, but they are all symmetrical.
7. Practical work.
Show what snowflakes you have prepared for the lesson. Fold your snowflake in half. You see, the sides matched. Fold in half again, another match. This proves that the snowflakes have the correct shape.
8. Continued work on new material.
Snowflakes stick to each other, gather in flakes and slowly fall to the ground. Layer after layer of snow falls.
When the snow is thick we talk about snowfall. This is a very beautiful phenomenon in calm calm weather.
(Cards with names are opened on the board.)
What is a blizzard? (Snowfall in the wind, when the "dance" of snowflakes falls obliquely and rushes near the ground.)
When are blizzards and blizzards especially frequent? (In February.)
Who remembers what nast is? (Snow ice crust.)
When a snow ice crust forms, we observe ice.
How to protect yourself from injury in ice? (From it, roads and paths are sprinkled with sand and salt. It is better that there be ash instead of salt.)
What other phenomena can be observed in nature? Guess.
“Village in white velvet.
And fences and trees.
And how the wind will attack
This velvet will fall." (Frost.)"And not snow, and not ice,
And silver covers the trees. (Frost.)
Generalization.
So what phenomena occur in inanimate nature in winter? What do you think, with the onset of winter, changes occur with animals or not? What do you know?
9. Phenomena in wildlife.
The game. Choose those birds that could fly to the winter clearing.
A selection from many illustrations of only wintering birds is proposed. (Bullfinch, waxwing, titmouse, tap dance, sparrow, crow, dove.)
What is more terrible for them hunger or cold? How can we help the birds?
Let's make bird feeders at home. Who knows what they can be made from? (For the manufacture of feeders, you can use packages from juice, milk, boxes. And for tits, nets with pieces of bacon are hung, which they love very much.)
The game. Underline the names of those birds that fly away from us for the winter (individual cards are distributed).
- Crane.
- Nightingale.
- Rook.
- Pigeon.
- Woodpecker.
- Capercaillie.
- Martin.
- Starling.
- Cuckoo.
Conclusion. Thus, we do not have all the birds that we see in the summer, and some more fly - bullfinches, tits, waxwings. On cold days, birds search for food throughout the day. Where to get food in winter? Birds of forests and fields solve this difficult task in different ways. Some are looking for spiders and beetles in the folds of the bark, some are digging snow in the field, trying to get to the ground, and some are looking for food on bushes and trees. After all, many of them left buds and seeds. What else do birds eat? We can put bread crumbs, cereals, porridge leftovers, seeds in bird feeders.
Do you know how animals fight the cold? (Children's answers.)
Generalization. Some hibernate - bears, badgers, hamsters, hedgehogs. Everyone who falls asleep falls into hibernation, by the fall they increase their fat reserves. All settled animals and birds increase fur or feather cover. Squirrels, mice. Voles make warm winter homes. Moose, roe deer, hares, wolves, foxes, black grouse, wood grouse, partridges find a home in the thickness of the snow.
We learn how some animals hibernate from the messages of children.
(Pre-prepared children make messages.)
The squirrel stores nuts, cones, mushrooms for the winter. If they run out, the squirrel does not lose heart. As the sun warms, she will be full again.
The hare does not have a permanent home. By winter, thick and long hair grows on his belly, and fluffy hair appears around the nostrils - all this protects him from the cold during a motionless stay in the snow. It feeds in winter on small branches, bark of trees and shrubs. Changes summer coat for winter.
The bear grows fat by autumn, the molt ends. Its fur becomes long and fluffy. He arranges a shelter for the winter somewhere in a dry place, in a recess, under the twisted roots of trees, stumps, in crevices of rocks. In winter, he falls into a state of winter sleep, not needing food and drink. In winter, bear cubs are born.
Do you think that the life of plants and animals is connected in winter? How?
10. Invisible threads in the winter forest.
Today we will consider this connection using the example of spruce and animals. Open the textbook on page 139 (work on the illustration in the textbook, answer the questions of the textbook).
Addition. We have established that there is a connection between animals and "friends" of spruce. For example: a crossbill breaks off a cone, eats away part of the seeds and throws it away. Cones are picked up in the snow by squirrels, woodpeckers, wood mice, voles, i.e. between animals, too, there is an invisible connection.
Conclusion. Christmas trees serve as a shelter for animals and provide them with food. Thus, the animals hide among the branches, in the hollows of the trees. Plants provide food for animals.
What kind winter holidays you know?
New Year is a holiday innovation of Peter 1. He ordered to celebrate the holiday with a decorated Christmas tree. A man trying to decorate his house for a few days destroys a whole tree, many trees.
What does this entail? What can be done so as not to harm nature?
11. Generalization. Summary of the lesson.
How do animals winter? How do plants winter? What should we, people, do to help animals in winter?
12. Homework.
- AT workbook complete task No. 1, 2 p. 26.
- In the textbook pp. 136-137, read, answer questions.
Lesson topic: Invisible threads in the winter forest.
Lesson objectives: to introduce students to natural connections in the winter forest.
Tasks:
Educational: to systematize and expand students' understanding of animals, plants, their way of life, and ecological connections.
Developing: to develop the ability to analyze, compare, reason, establish logical relationships.
Educational: to cultivate a respectful, caring attitude towards nature, a desire to work together, to participate in the search for a new one.
Lesson type: combined lesson.
Lesson equipment: computer, multimedia projector, screen, presentation of the lesson on the topic: "Invisible threads in the winter forest"
Lesson plan
1. Organizational moment - 5 minutes
2. Main part - 35 minutes
1) Checking homework - 15 minutes
2) Physical education - 3 minutes
3) Introduction to new material - 10 minutes
4) Consolidation of the material covered - 7 minutes
3. Final part - 5 minutes
During the classes
I. Organizational moment.
- Good afternoon! Let's start our lesson!
I invite you to visit a very beautiful time of the year, and
what time of year it is, you will learn from the riddle:
Snow on the fields
Ice on the rivers
The blizzard is walking.
When does it happen? slide 2
All around white and blue
All in a thin lace of shadows.
And the forest is covered with fluffy frost, slide 4
I fell asleep until the first spring days.
When do you think winter comes?
How do we recognize the arrival of winter?
cold, air temperature below zero slide 5
the rivers were covered with ice, and the earth with snow,
often snowing,
the day is short
birds are not heard
frosts
Everything is correct! According to the calendar, winter is December 1st. Scientists consider
ut the beginning of winter on December 22. The sun rises on this day
low-low in the sky, the shadows are long, and the day is the shortest
in a year.
II. Checking homework.
And now we'll see how winter affected life
plants and animals. How do trees winter?
- Deciduous trees have shed their leaves, and conifers are worth slide 6
green.
- How do shrubs and grasses winter?
- Shrubs shed their leaves, grasses turn yellow, but not all.
- What grasses go green under the snow?
- Strawberries, wild hoof, and also
winter wheat, rye.
Why don't they freeze?
- Snow protects from frost. The more snow, the easier
plants to endure winter frosts.
Here we see the connection between animate and inanimate nature.
How do animals winter?
The hare is a nocturnal resident. Spends the day in secluded places: under
fallen trees, in the bushes, ate under the paws. Into the strong
frosts digs holes in the snow up to one and a half meters deep.
It feeds on thin twigs of aspen, willow, birch. From the branches
thicker, gnaws only the bark, eats dry grass. slide 7
The fox catches hares, but its main food is rodents, before
only gray voles, which are slower than bank voles
and mice. Fox hunting for rodents is called mouse hunting.
The fox usually rests right on the snow, in open lairs -
somewhere in the middle of a field on a hill. The fox is safer here.
You can clearly see everything that is happening around.
The wolf is a strong, intelligent predator. His prey is not
only hares, but also large animals - wild boar, elk. Usually wolves
hunt in small packs. They can long, stubbornly pursue
give up your prey. True, in deep, loose snow they
it is difficult to run, and often the wolves remain hungry.
Elk is a forest giant. All of it reaches up to 400 kg. Such
The animal needs a lot of food. An elk slowly wanders among the bushes and
young trees, eating their branches. If you meet a fallen-
aspen, gnaws at the bark. All this food is low-nutrient-
ny. Scientists have calculated: an elk can eat more per day
1700 branches!
From time to time, the elk rests, burrowing into the loose snow.
And then back to food.
The most noticeable animal in the forest is the squirrel. In the forest, where there are many dups
leafy trees, the squirrel lives in a hollow. If they don't exist, build
nest. The main food for squirrels is seeds. coniferous trees. Calculate
tano: in order to get enough, the animal must devastate in a day
twenty-eight spruce cones or 380 pine cones. Squirrel more
searches under the snow for the winter warehouse of the jay, then unearths
a cone, dropped by a crossbill in autumn. In the hungry years of protein
eats tree buds, especially spruce buds. Eats winter stocks:
ludi, hazelnuts, mushrooms.
How do birds winter?
- Birds that eat insects flew away to warm
the edges. Magpies, tits, sparrows, nuthatch remain to winter,
woodpecker, cross. They continue to lead an active lifestyle. slide 8
sparrows, magpies, crows feed near human dwellings
ka. Woodpecker and pika feed on insect larvae, extracting
them from under the bark of trees. Jays, goldfinches, tits are collected
the remaining fruits and seeds of plants.
What birds come to us to winter from the north?
- Bullfinches came to us for wintering from the northern regions
and whistlers. Rowan berries are the best medicine for them.
Winter is a difficult time in the life of animals, so man
feeds them.
Guys, how can you help the birds get through a difficult time?
-You can make a feeder, hang it on a tree, bring slide 9 there
food, hang a piece of fat at the window - for tits.
(Summarizing the answers of the children, the teacher opens the diagram on the board)
III. Physical education minute
The sun warms the earth weakly,
(Hands up and down)
Frost crackles at night
(Hands on the belt, tilts to the sides)
In the yard of the snow woman
(Hands on the belt, turn around) slide 11
Whitened carrot nose.
(Children show their nose)
Suddenly there was water in the river
Motionless and firm
(Jumping in place)
The blizzard is angry
The snow is spinning
(Children are spinning)
Sweeps everything around
Snow white silver.
(Imitate hand movement)
IV. Guess the riddles
In the middle of the forest
Blacksmiths forge.
(Woodpeckers)
Gray coat for summer
For winter a different color.
(Hare)
Without wings
A faster bird slide 12
It flies from tree to tree.
(Squirrel)
Apples on the branches in winter.
Collect them quickly;
And suddenly the apples fluttered -
After all, this is ... (Bullfinches)
What kind of girl?
Not a seamstress, not a craftswoman.
Doesn't sew anything
And in needles all year round.
(Spruce)
Guys, what do you think these animals have in common?
- All of them are on the spruce or hiding under the paws of the spruce.
- Animals hide among the branches of spruce, find food.
V. Work on the topic of the lesson.
"Invisible threads in the winter forest"
- What do we call invisible threads?
- Invisible threads we called the connections that exist in nature
de everywhere.
Inanimate and living nature, plants and
animals, various animals.
Today we will look at this connection.
Spruce is one of the most interesting and beautiful trees of our
the woods.
Consider the drawing.
How is the life of animals connected with spruce?
- Animals feed on spruce seeds. slide 13
- Hiding among the branches of spruce, under them.
- Crossbills build nests on spruce in winter and feed them with spruce
the seeds of their chicks.
But there is also a connection between animals - "friends"
ate. So, in the nutrition of the crossbill there is a peculiarity: tearing off a cone of spruce,
he eats only part of the seeds out of it, and then throws it away. Cones thrown by crossbills pick up squirrels and woodpeckers in the snow, and this makes it easier for them to find food. But even more important, thrown by the crossbill
cones for wood mice and voles, which themselves cannot pluck them from trees.
This is how interesting the life of the winter forest is, how complex, although invisible at first glance, the connections in the winter forest.
On the example of only one Christmas tree, we made sure that it
serves as a shelter for animals, and provides them with food.
Who is friends with spruce?
Squirrel. Crossbills.
Hare. Weasel.
Capercaillie. Mice.
Why are they friends with spruce?
- Spruce gives animals food, shelters them from bad weather.
Guys, what do you think, is there a connection between these animals.
-There is a crossbill in the diet next feature: plucking a bump
ate, he eats out only part of the seeds from it, and then throws a cone.
Do you think one of the forest dwellers, cones thrown by a crossbill?
- Squirrel - this will make it easier for her to find food.
Mice, voles - they can't pick them themselves.
Think about why you can call them spruce friends?
- They are connected by a food chain, they carry seeds.
Do you think that if spruce did not have such friends, they could
seeds get into the ground?
It turns out that the spruce cones open themselves as soon as February
The sun or March sun will begin to warm them, and light winged seeds fall out of them, which the wind picks up and spreads in different directions.
So, using the example of only one Christmas tree, we made sure that it
connected by invisible threads with animals, tk. she serves as their shelter, provides them with food.
What holiday is this page dedicated to?
Why do you think the Christmas tree does not like this holiday?
- According to custom, people go to the forest and cut down hundreds, thousands of Christmas trees to celebrate the New Year. Man trying to decorate slide 14
your house for just a few days, destroying a whole tree, many trees.
-What does this entail?
What will we conclude?
- We need to think about whether it is worth buying a real
Christmas tree, isn't it better to leave it in the forest, and decorate the house with an artificial one? (F / m song “The little Christmas tree is not cold in winter.”)
- Take care of the spruce!
By cutting down spruces, we deprive animals of their homes, shelter, and food.
VI. Revisiting food chains.
Completing tasks in workbooks p. 54
Write in the boxes the names of the animals that slide 15
squirming with spruce seeds
V. Summary.
-What we call invisible threads, slide 16
-Do they exist in the winter forest?
VII. Homework.
1. Make a food chain, starting with spruce seeds.
2. Make a poster to protect the Christmas tree from being cut down.
3. Make a Christmas tree layout from improvised materials.
Used Books:
Pleshakov A.A., Textbook "The World Around Us", Part I - Moscow:
"Enlightenment", 2009
Kazakova O.V., N.A. Sboeva. Lesson developments for the course
"The world. Grade 2 "- M. "Enlightenment", 2006
Pleshakov A. A. Green Pages: a book for students
Primary classes - M .: "Enlightenment", 2007
Pleshakov. A. A. Workbook for a textbook for grade 2. 1 hour
"The world around us" M.: "Enlightenment", 2009
Plan - summary of the lesson "The world around"
on the topic "Invisible threads in the winter forest"
MBOU Balyksinskaya secondary school
Section topic
Lesson topic
Invisible threads in the winter forest.
Lesson type
Combined.
The purpose of the lesson
Generalization and systematization of knowledge about winter changes in animate and inanimate nature.
Lesson objectives
To acquaint children with changes in inanimate and living nature with the advent of winter.
Formulate concepts: winter phenomena in nature.
Enrich children's knowledge of natural connections.
Expected Result
Extracts information about relationships in nature from the text and illustrations of the textbook;
Analyzes the drawing and diagram in the textbook;
Relates them to each other.
Traces the connection between spruce and forest animals according to the scheme;
Models links in a winter forest with various methods schemes;
Tells according to schemes (models) about the studied invisible threads;
Lesson stages
Teacher actions (typical dialogue phrases)
Student actions
(alleged)
Motivation for learning activities
We are attentive. We like to compare and generalize. Smile at each other. We wish you all good luck - get to work! Good time!
Preparing the workplace for the lesson.
Knowledge update
Let's remember……
In a certain kingdom, in a certain state they lived - they were ... ...
No - no, not the king and queen ... ..
Each of these kingdoms is special. They are not far away, but very close to us, around us. These are the kingdoms of nature.
Let's go on a journey through the realm of the living and inanimate nature.
What kingdoms of wildlife do you know?
What are the main kingdoms of inanimate nature do you know?
Student responses
Animals, plants, birds, bacteria, fungi.
Stones, sun, clouds, water.
Setting and solving a learning problem
Can you tell me if there is a connection in nature?
Let's repeat the connections in nature, we will call them invisible threads in another way.
Invisible threads - connections in nature
Think about how a person can break these bonds?
Today I invite you to visit a very beautiful time of the year, and what time of the year it is, you will learn from the riddle:
Snow on the fields
Ice on the rivers
The blizzard is walking.
When does it happen?
How do we recognize the arrival of winter?
Let's remember the winter months.
And now we will see how winter has affected the life of plants and animals. How do trees winter?
How do shrubs and grasses winter?
Why don't they freeze?
Here we see the connection between animate and inanimate nature.
How do animals winter?
Fizkultminutka.
The sun warms the earth weakly,
(Hands up and down)
Frost crackles at night
(Hands on the belt, tilts to the sides)
In the yard of the snow woman
(Hands on the belt, turn around) slide 11
Whitened carrot nose.
(Children show their nose)
Suddenly there was water in the river
Motionless and firm
(Jumping in place)
The blizzard is angry
The snow is spinning
(Children are spinning)
Sweeps everything around
Snow white silver.
(Imitate hand movement)
How do birds winter?
Winter is a difficult time in the life of animals, so man
feeds them.
Guys, how can you help the birds get through a difficult time?
You are already helping the birds, feeders have been made, and food for the birds has been prepared.
Guess the riddles
In the middle of the forest
Blacksmiths forge.
Gray coat for summer
For winter a different color.
Without wings
And faster birds
It flies from tree to tree.
Which bird breeds chicks in winter?
What kind of girl?
Not a seamstress, not a craftswoman.
Doesn't sew anything
And in needles all year round.
Guys, what do you think these animals have in common?
Various animals are connected.
Plants and animals are connected with each other, and man with them.
Relationship between animate and inanimate nature.
Man can exterminate animals, destroy nature. Cut down the forest. Cause irreparable harm to the environment.
It's cold, the air temperature is below zero
The rivers were covered with ice, and the earth with snow,
It's snowing often,
The day is short
Birds are not heard
December January February.
Deciduous trees have shed their leaves, and conifers are green.
Shrubs shed their leaves, grasses turn yellow.
Snow protects from frost. The more snow, the easier it is for plants to endure winter frosts.
The hare is a nocturnal resident. He spends the day in secluded places: under fallen trees, in bushes, under the paws of spruce. AT very coldy digs holes in the snow up to one and a half meters deep. It feeds on thin twigs of aspen, willow, birch. From thicker branches, it gnaws only the bark, eats dry grass.
The fox catches hares, but its main food is rodents, primarily gray voles, which are slower than red voles and mice. Fox hunting for rodents is called mouse hunting.
The fox usually rests right on the snow, in open dens - somewhere in the middle of the field on a hill. The fox is safer here.
You can clearly see everything that is happening around.
The wolf is a strong, intelligent predator. Not only hares, but also large animals - a wild boar, an elk become its prey. Wolves usually hunt in small packs. They can long, stubbornly pursue their prey. True, in deep, loose snow they
it is difficult to run, and often the wolves remain hungry.
The most noticeable animal in the forest is the squirrel. In the forest, where there are many hollow trees, the squirrel lives in a hollow. If there are none, they build a nest. The main food for squirrels is the seeds of coniferous trees. The squirrel is still looking for the winter warehouse of the jay under the snow, then it will unearth a cone, dropped by a crossbill in autumn. In the hungry years of protein
eats tree buds, especially spruce buds. Eats winter stocks: acorns, hazelnuts, mushrooms.
Birds that feed on insects have flown to warmer climes. Magpies, tits, sparrows, nuthatch, woodpecker, crossbill remain to winter. They continue to lead an active lifestyle. sparrows, magpies, crows feed near human dwellings
ka. Woodpecker and pika feed on insect larvae, getting them from under the bark of trees. Jays, goldfinches, tits collect the remaining fruits and seeds of plants.
You can make a feeder, hang it on a tree, bring food there, hang a piece of fat at the window for tits.
All of them are on the spruce or hide under the paws of the spruce.
Animals hide among the branches of spruce, find food.
Work on the topic of the lesson
"Invisible threads in the winter forest"
Open the textbook page 36th.
What do we call invisible threads?
Today we will look at this connection.
Spruce is one of the most interesting and beautiful trees in our forest.
Consider the drawing.
How is the life of animals connected with spruce?
But there is also a connection between animals - "friends" of spruce. So, there is a peculiarity in the nutrition of the crossbill: tearing off a spruce cone, it eats out only part of the seeds from it, and then throws it away. Bro-
the cones, crossed by crossbills, pick up squirrels and woodpeckers in the snow, and this makes it easier for them to find food. But even more important are the cones dropped by the crossbill for wood mice and voles, which themselves cannot pick them off the trees.
This is how interesting the life of the winter forest is, so complex, although on the first
your eyes are invisible, connections in the winter forest.
Guys, what do you think, is there a connection between these animals.
In the nutrition of the crossbill there is the following feature: tearing off a spruce cone, it eats out only part of the seeds from it, and then throws the cone.
Do you think one of the forest dwellers will pick up the cones thrown by the crossbill?
So, using the example of only one Christmas tree, we made sure that it
connected by invisible threads with animals, tk. she serves as their shelter, provides them with food.
Now let's do the task in the workbook. Page 20th, exercise 1.
Open the textbook.
Invisible threads we called connections that are everywhere in nature.
Inanimate and living nature, plants and animals, various animals are interconnected.
Animals feed on spruce seeds.
They hide among the branches of spruce, under them.
Crossbills build nests on spruce in winter and feed their chicks with spruce seeds.
Squirrel - this will make it easier for her to find food.
Mice, voles - they can't pick them themselves.
Complete the assignment in the workbook.
Reflection of educational activity
What interested you in the lesson?
Who was the most attentive and organized?
Homework: p. 21 exercise 2. (workbook)
