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Bolognese bell is a perennial herbaceous plant of the bell family, the root is more or less fusiform thickened. Stem erect, 70 cm long, rough, more or less pubescent, simple or slightly branched. Leaves ovate, pointed; basal - petiolate; stem - sessile, upper - stalk-bearing. The flowers are rather small, 2-2.5 cm long, drooping, with very short pedicels, numerous, collected in a spicate raceme; sometimes the inflorescence is somewhat branched, the corolla is blue-violet. Blooms in June-August.
The Bolognese bell is found in Ukraine (Carpathians, Dnieper region), in the Crimea, in the European part of Russia (Karel-Murmansk, Dvinsko-Pechorsky, Zavolzhsky, Black Sea, Nizhne-Donskoy, Nizhne-Volzhsky regions), in Moldova, in the Caucasus (all regions except Dagestan), in Western Siberia(all districts except Obsky), in Central Asia. It grows in dry meadows, forest edges, in shrubs, up to the lower mountain belt. Grass is used for medicinal purposes.
Bolognese bell contains kaempferol, quercetin, anthocyanins, alkaloids, choline, betaine, iridoids, vitamin C.
The plant is decorative. Honey plant. Perganos. An infusion of herbs is drunk for epilepsy. Decoction, aqueous extract have antiulcer properties.
How to prepare and use Bolognese bell:
- 3 tablespoons of bolognese bell herb for 2 cups of boiling water, leave for 1-2 hours, strain. Take 1/4-1/3 cup 3-4 times a day for epilepsy.
JOURNEY IN THE RED BOOK
BELL BOLOGNA
Prepared by Arina Ivanova
4 "B" class school No. 342
Bells are different: blue, light purple, dark purple. Their flowers resemble miniature bells. Hence the Russian name.
The rarest bell of our flora is the BOLOGNA BELL. It is he who is placed in the Red Book.
DESCRIPTION
Bolognese bluebell- herbaceous perennial plant from 50 cm to 120 cm tall with a simple pubescent stem.
flowers, looking down, are located on short pedicels.
Calyx rounded, with five triangularly deflected teeth.
Leaves rough, dark green above, whitish-velvety below, Inflorescence- spiky raceme with numerous flowers on short stalks. Fruit- spherical multi-seeded boxes.
It grows in dry meadows, forest edges and clearings, in thickets of shrubs, in the steppes. The flowers are pollinated most often by bees and bumblebees. At night and in the rain, the flowers of the plant close. Blossoms in June - July, bears fruit in July - August. Propagated mainly by seeds. In sunny weather, the wind shakes the boxes and carries the seeds over long distances.
SPREAD
This plant is native to Italy.
In the Leningrad region, it is located on the northern border and is found only in the Boksitogorsk region: near Lake Strugsky and in the valley of the Chagoda River.
USE
Thanks to the beauty of the color, bellflowers entered the golden fund of ornamental gardening.
For medicinal purposes, the herb (stem and leaves) is used. The plant contains anti-inflammatory substances, vitamins B and C. An infusion of herbs is drunk with various diseases nervous system and gastric disorders.
INTERESTING FACT
Blue bells are ringing, as if they are telling everyone that the long-awaited summer has finally come, it has come. "If the bells have not bloomed yet, then spring remains the mistress of the forest. Well, if the first blue bell flower appears, then summer has already come .
There is a fairy tale that tells how summer comes to the forest after spring: Summer is coming through the forest, listening to the sonorous songs of birds, smiling bright colors that spring has left behind, and quietly tinkles with blue bells that have just blossomed in a forest clearing.
Campanula bononiensis L. (Campanulaceae) Status. 3(R). Rare view. Short description. Perennial with a simple, rarely slightly branched stem 40-120 cm tall. Leaves entire, finely toothed, from ovate to broadly lanceolate, with thin felt below, basal petiolate, stem sessile, upper semi-amplex. Inflorescence - spike-shaped raceme with numerous drooping light blue or bluish-lilac flowers on short pedicels. Calyx pubescent or glabrous, with ciliate lobes recurved along margin. Corolla bell-shaped, 1.3-1.7 cm long. The column is equal in length to the rim. The fruits are drooping, multi-seeded, opening at the base of the box.
Spreading. In the Leningrad region is located on the northern border of the range and is found only in the Boksitogorsk region: near the lake. Strugskoto in the environs. d. Struga and in the valley of the river. Chagoda (near the villages of Klimovo, Turandino and Usadite). Found in the region only in 1992 (I). In Russia, it is also found in the European part, except for the Arctic and the north of the forest zone, in the Caucasus and in Western Siberia. Outside of Russia, it is distributed in central and southern Europe, in Ukraine, in Moldova, Belarus, northwestern Kazakhstan, Transcaucasia and Central Asia.
Ecology and biology. Usually lives in dry, often calcareous meadows, forest clearings and edges, in thickets of bushes, singly or in small (up to 10 individuals) groups. Sometimes found on the sands along forest and country roads, along the edges of abandoned fields. From 1993 to 1998 noticeable fluctuations in abundance were observed with a maximum in 1998 (2). Blooms from June to August.
Limiting factors. Locations nearby settlements can be destroyed as a result of collecting plants for bouquets. Other anthropogenic influences are also important: plowing up meadows, building them up and burning them out.
Protection measures. It is necessary to control the state of populations, create protected areas in the places where the species grows.
Sources of information: Rumyantseva. Ivanova. 1998: 2. Author's data. E. E. Rumyantseva
Status. 3(R). rare.
Description. Perennial with simple, sometimes weekly branched stem 40-120 cm tall. Leaves entire, denticulate, ovate to broad-lanceolate, with thin tomentum beneath, radical petiolate, cauline sessile, uppermost semiamplexicaul. Inflorescence a spiciform raceme with numerous nodding light blue or bluish-mauve flowers on short pedicels. Calyx pilose or glabrous, with divergent lobes ciliate at margins. Corolla campanulate. 13-17 mm long. Style as long as corolla. Capsules nodding, many-seeded, dehiscent at the base.
distribution. The species has the northern limit of its range in the Leningrad region and occurs only in Boksitogorsk district on Lake Strugskoye near Strugi ^ and in the valley of the river Chagoda (near Klimovo, Turandino and Usadishche). Known from the region only since 1992 (1). In Russia also in the European part, except the Arctic regions and the north of the forest zone, the Caucasus and West Siberia. Outside Russia occurs in Central and Southern Europe, the Ukraine. Moldova, Belarus, north-western Kazakhstan, Transcaucasia and Middle Asia.
Ecology and biology. Usually in dry meadows often on limestone, forest clearings and on forest margins and at thickets, solitary or in small (up to 10 plants) groups. Sometimes occurs on sand on forest margins and country" roads, and margins of abandoned fields. From 1993 to 1998, distinct fluctuations of the populations were observed, with a maximum in 1998 (2). Flowers from June to August.
Limiting factors. Could disappear from localities close to populated areas can as a result of collection of plants for bouquets. Other human activities are also of significance: ploughing of meadows, building and trampling.
conservation measures. Monitoring of populations and organization of protected areas in the species localities required.
Sources of information: I. Rumyantseva. Ivanova, 1998; 2. Author's data. E. E. Rumyantseva
is one of the plants of the family called bellflowers, in Latin the name of this plant will sound like this: Campanula bolonensis L. As for the name of the Bolognese bell family itself, in Latin it will be like this: Campanulaceae Juss.
Description of the Bolognese bell
Bluebell Bolognese is a perennial herbaceous plant, the root of which will be more or less fusiform thickened. The stem of this plant is straight, its length can reach seventy centimeters. Such a stem will be rough, simple or slightly branched, and also more or less pubescent. The leaves of the bologna bell will be ovate and pointed, the basal leaves are petiolate, the stem leaves will be sessile, and the upper ones will be amplexicaul. It is worth noting that the flowers of this plant are quite small, their length is two to two and a half centimeters. Such flowers are drooping, they are numerous, endowed with very short pedicels and are collected in a spike-shaped brush. It should be noted that sometimes the inflorescence of the Bolognese bell can be somewhat branched, and the corolla itself will be colored in blue-violet tones. The flowering of this plant falls on the period from June to August. in natural conditions this plant is found on the territory of the European part of Russia, in the Crimea, in the Dnieper region and in the Carpathians in Ukraine, as well as in Central Asia, Moldova, the Caucasus and Western Siberia. For growth, the Bolognese bellflower prefers forest edges, thickets of shrubs, dry meadows up to the lower mountain belt. It should be noted that this plant is not only a honey plant and perganos, but also a very ornamental plant.Description of the medicinal properties of the bolognese bell
Bolognese bell is endowed with very valuable healing properties, while it is recommended to use the herb of this plant for therapeutic purposes.The presence of such valuable healing properties should be explained by the content of this plant choline, vitamin C, iridoids, kaempferol, anthocyanins, alkaloids, quercetin. An infusion of herb Bolognese bell is recommended for epilepsy. A decoction, as well as an aqueous extract of this plant, is endowed with very valuable anti-ulcer properties.
For epilepsy, it is recommended to use the following remedy based on this plant: to prepare such a remedy, you will need to take three tablespoons of Bolognese bell herb for two cups of boiling water. It is recommended to infuse the resulting mixture for about one to two hours, after which this mixture based on the Bolognese bell should be filtered very carefully. Take the resulting remedy three to four times a day, one third or one fourth of a glass. It should be noted that in order to achieve the greatest effectiveness when using this healing agent based on this plant, it is recommended to carefully not only follow all the rules for preparing such a remedy, but also strictly follow all the rules for taking this remedy based on the Bolognese bell.
It should be noted that this plant is listed in the Red Book. The reason for this phenomenon is considered to be the collection of the Bologna bell in bouquets, driving and grazing, plowing and building up the territory on which this plant grows.
It is noteworthy that Italy is the birthplace of the marsh bell, and in culture this plant has existed since the nineteenth century. Since then, this plant has been used as an ornamental plant for decorating various rooms.
There are over three hundred types of bluebells on the planet. The Bolognese bell belongs to the bellflower family. In Latin, the name of the herbaceous plant sounds like "Campanula bolonensis". The flower lives in Europe, the Baltic states, Western Asia and in the European part of Russia.
Predominantly lives on forest edges, dry meadows, in darkened ravines, thickets of bushes, areas of river banks. Italy is the birthplace of Campanula, and in its culture the flower arose at the beginning of the nineteenth century. Since then, the bell has been used as an ornamental plant in order to ennoble living quarters.
Bolognese bell is a perennial herbaceous plant, the rhizome of which is relatively spindle-shaped thickened.
The stem of the flower is straight, rough and slightly branched, the length of which reaches about seventy centimeters, while it leans towards the ground. The leaves of the bell have an ovoid-pointed shape.
It should be noted that the sky-blue Campanula inflorescences are quite small, collected in a spike-shaped brush. Due to their abundance, they are drooping flowers on small legs. The corolla of a plant can be:
- light blue;
- purple;
- pinkish;
- lavender.
The fruits are like multi-seeded boxes. The cup of the flower has a rounded shape, blackish color, five narrow triangular teeth.
The plant blooms in the middle of summer, and propagates in its second half, as a rule, through seeds. On sunny windy days, the seed boxes sway, thereby spreading them over long distances.
Pollination of flowers is carried out, as a rule, thanks to bees and bumblebees, however, there are cases with small insects that spend nights inside the inflorescences. Closer to the night and in rainy weather, the plant closes its flowers.
Bolognese bell is a herbaceous plant that has taken pride of place in the Red Book
Bloom
It should be noted that the flower acts not only as a honey plant, but also as an ornamental plant. books of numerous subjects of the Russian Federation.
This is due to the fact that the plant is often collected in bouquets; cattle graze in the glades; territories filled with flowers are being built up and plowed up. Because of their beauty, plants have taken pride of place in the golden fund of ornamental gardening.
The plant is protected on the territory of the reserves NP "Russian Light", "Charozaresky". To preserve the species, it is necessary to identify new achievements of the species and their protection.
This plant is extraordinarily beautiful, which is why everyone is eager to bring at least one flower to their home. In order to be able to protect the herbaceous plant from extinction, it is necessary to recreate the territories where it will be strictly forbidden to pick flowers.
Let each of us rejoice at such beauty and pass by. Among other things, it is worth banning plowing the land in those places where such a rare and outlandish flower lives.
Medicinal properties of the bolognese bell
Campanula has a number characteristic features who describe it as a medicinal plant. At the same time, it is recommended to use the herb of this flower for medicinal purposes. The presence of truly healing properties is explained by the content in its composition:
- choline;
- vitamin C;
- anthocyanins;
- betaine;
- kaempferol and many other useful substances.
With epilepsy, it is worth using a remedy whose main ingredient is a bell of this type. In order to prepare such a medicine, you need a few tablespoons of a herbaceous plant in proportion to two glasses of boiling water.
The resulting mixture is infused for several hours, after which it is filtered. The prepared remedy should be taken several times a day for a quarter cup.
It is worth noting that in order to achieve the greatest efficiency, using the drug, it is necessary to carefully observe all the norms of its step-by-step preparation, as well as the intake. Campanula has a number of anti-inflammatory substances, treats nervous system and indigestion.
Diseases and pests that can damage Campanula
Bolognese bell is very resistant to diseases and pest attacks. With long-term cultivation of a plant in the same area, it can be affected by fungal diseases.
As a prophylaxis against fusarium, sclerotinia and other fungi, the ground and aerial parts of the flower must be treated with foundationol diluted in water.
Root rot can be caused by excessive soil moisture. Its prevention is possible if periodic rational watering is performed.
Of the pests, Campanula is most often attacked by slugs, which can be eliminated by treatment with metaldehyde.
Campanula operation in landscape design
Many types of bells tolerate shade perfectly, so they become an ornament even for the most remote corners of the garden, creating a border of the site with plantings. Combinations of Campanula with large flowers of white or dark purple color look very advantageous.
Being hardy, they form sky-blue patches peeking out among the stones, flowering lasts throughout the summer. Bluebells are able to grow even in small depressions between stones, since such an environment is close to their natural environment.
As a rule, bluebells are capricious, preferring good lighting around them. However, if grown in decorative conditions, care should be kept to a minimum. The main requirements for care are:
- rational watering;
- preventive work on;
- application of mineral fertilizers.
The bell of this species is a non-frost-resistant perennial plant, therefore, for the period of cold weather, it needs shelter with peat, spruce branches or dry leaves.
There is a story that tells how summer breaks into the forest after spring. Listening to the songs of birds and smiling at the bright flowers left behind in the spring, the spring is ringing with heavenly bells that have just bloomed in the forest clearing.
The ringing of spring bells testified to the approach of the long-awaited summer. In the event that the bells have not yet arrived, and the summer has not blossomed, it should be concluded that she is still the mistress in the forest.
While watching the video, you will learn about.
In the European part, bells act as garden culture since time immemorial. With all heights and appearance bush, color of the corolla and the size of the inflorescences, they have become guests close to the heart in our own gardens.
