Presentation of the animal world of the ocean. Pacific Ocean Presentation

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Geographical position:

Bounded by the east coast of Eurasia, Australia, west coast Northern and South America, the Arctic Ocean in the north, Antarctica in the south.
Pacific Ocean It is customary to divide into northern and southern regions, the border of which runs along the line of the equator.

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Common data:

• Area 178.68 million km²
  • Volume 710.36 million km³
  • Average depth: 4,282 m.
  • Greatest depth: 11022 m (Marian Trench).
  • Salinity: 30-36.5‰.
  • The international date line runs along the 180th meridian of the Pacific Ocean.
• Exercise:
  • Determine the length of the ocean from north to south along the 180 meridian in degrees?
  • Determine the length of the ocean at the equator using a scale.

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The name "Quiet" is associated with the name of F. Magellan

For the first time it was crossed by Ferdinand Magellan in 1519, the ocean was called "Pacific", because for all three months of the journey Magellan's ships did not fall into a single storm.
Pacific Ocean in different time had several names:

• Southern Ocean or South Sea (MardelSur) - as it was called by the Indians, the indigenous people Central America, and this name was adopted by the Spanish conquistador Balboa, the first European to see the ocean in 1513. Today, the Southern Ocean is called the waters around Antarctica.
• Great Ocean - named by the French geographer Buachem in 1753. The most correct, but not accustomed name.
• Eastern Ocean - sometimes called in Russia.

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ocean relief

Map of the depths of the Pacific Ocean.

The ocean floor is dotted with pits, crevices, trenches, the depth of which is much higher than the average. In the northern latitudes there are such trenches as the North Aleutian and Kuril-Kamchatsky. In the east: Peruvian and Central American. In the west, there are two huge trenches - the Mariana and the Philippine.

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The Mid-Ocean Ridge runs along the bottom of the Pacific Ocean.

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The famous "fire" ring of the Pacific Ocean

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The Pacific Ocean is the most not calm

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Natural features of the ocean.

Two huge rings of water movement are formed in the ocean: northern and southern. The northern ring includes the North Trade Wind Current, the Kuroshio Current, the North Pacific Current and the California Current, while the southern ring includes the South Trade Wind Current, the East Australian Current, the West Wind Current and the Peruvian Current. Question to the class: What is affected by ocean currents?

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Animals and plants in the oceans

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World Ocean

The ocean is not just a body of water, it is saturated with life, sometimes much more diverse than the land. In total, there are five oceans on earth: the Atlantic, Pacific, Arctic, South Arctic and Indian. Scientists estimate the number of inhabitants of the ocean as more than two hundred thousand diverse organisms. The permanent inhabitants of the ocean waters, in addition to a variety of fish, are crustaceans, cetaceans, turtles, cephalopods (squids, octopuses, etc.), benthos and plankton.

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life under water

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Seaweed

Seaweeds are ancient, stratified spore plants containing chlorophyll in their cells and living mainly in water. Such a definition, however, does not give an idea of ​​the enormous diversity in body structure that is characteristic of seaweeds. Here we meet with unicellular and multicellular, and with large forms of various structures. Great variety reach here methods of reproduction. Even in color, seaweeds are not the same, since some contain only chlorophyll, others still have a number of additional pigments that color them in different colors.

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Coral is the skeletal material of the colony coral polyps("bioherm"). Large accumulations of coral form coral reefs and coral islands. The color of corals depends on the composition and amount of organic compounds: there are not only pink, but also red, blue, white and even black corals. Red corals are called "blood foam", "flower of blood", black - "royal corals". Pink, red and black corals are considered the most valuable.

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A little pause...

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Whales - marine mammals from the order of cetaceans, not related to either dolphins or porpoises. Orcas ("killer whales") and pilot whales have the word "whale" in their informal names, although they are strictly classified as dolphins. Whales switched to an aquatic lifestyle about 50 million years ago. Cetaceans are divided into two suborders: Baleen whales, distinguished by their whiskers, a filter-like structure located on the upper jaw, consisting mainly of keratin. The mustache is used to filter plankton from the water. Baleen whales are the largest suborder of whales. Toothed whales have teeth and prey on fish and squid. The remarkable ability of this group is the ability to feel them. environment using echolocation.

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Dolphins

Dolphins are characterized by the presence of a relatively small snout; the body is elongated; has a dorsal fin. Very mobile and dexterous, voracious predators, living mostly socially; found in all seas. They feed mainly on fish, mollusks, crustaceans; sometimes they attack their relatives. They are also distinguished by curiosity and traditionally a good attitude towards a person.

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The head of the crabs is small, the short abdomen is symmetrical and bent under the jaw-thorax. They live in the seas, fresh waters and on land. Sometimes photos reach huge sizes. The giant crab, caught off the coast of Japan, had a distance between the ends of the claws of 3.69 m. There are over 6780 species in the world.

The work of a 7th grade student Skorobogatova Nastya. In internal parts desert rains sometimes do not happen for several years. In some places separate bunches of herbs and thorny bushes grow. Vegetable world. Due to the lack of rain, the salts are not washed out. So, antelopes are able to run long distances in search of water and food. In summer, the daytime heat reaches + 40 C in the shade. Animal world.

"Antarctica geography" - Organic world. Subglacial relief. Learning new material. Using climate diagrams, compare the Antarctic and subantarctic climate. Information about homework. Why does the Erebus volcano erupt with enviable constancy? Give a description natural area Antarctic desert according to the plan and maps of the atlas. Chelyabinsk 2006. Develop a short synopsis of "Geological structure, relief and minerals." Ice cover.

"History of Africa" ​​- The Nile River is the longest river in the world. The largest East African land faults. Lake Tana. Lake Chad. Sahara Desert. Pictures from space. Africa is a continent dominated by plains and high temperatures. Research history. 1.Physical - geographical position 2. History of discovery and research. Ethiopian Highlands. Africa is the oldest continent in the world.

"Journey to Egypt" - Tourist agency"Foreigner" Journey to the country of your dreams. Resorts: Sharm El Sheikh Hurghada Safaga Dahab El gouna Marsa Alam. Why do many people aspire to Egypt? So our virtual trip to Egypt ended. We bring to your attention the sights of Egypt. Despite the fact that there is no rich nature, we will not be disappointed. We invite you to Egypt!!! Where can you relax in Egypt?

"Savannas" - Plant world. And the body length is 4.5m. Animal world. Economic activity of people. In savannahs, grass grows up to 3 meters high. Baobab is rightfully considered one of the symbols of sub-Saharan Africa. Climatic conditions. Umbrella acacia. Savannahs occupy almost 40% of the mainland. The inhabitants of the savannah have long been engaged in cattle breeding and agriculture. The work of a 7a grade student of the Privalenskaya secondary school Daria Tkachuk. Soils.

"Africa Grade 7" - Many Faces of Africa. Annotation. Where and how does the population live in Africa? The creative name of the project. African population. result project activities is created didactic and methodological developments. Educational: to expand and concretize knowledge about the uniqueness of the population of Africa. Project goals. What are the features of the culture of African peoples? Private questions. Fundamental question. Papushkina Natalya Vladimirovna, geography teacher Rybinsk 2007. Why is Africa called the "black" continent?

Anastasia Kazantseva
Presentation "Inhabitants of the seas and oceans"

slide 1. « Inhabitants of the seas and oceans»

Slide 2. Marine life

Slide 3. Dolphin. Dolphins live in all open seas and sometimes go into the mouth major rivers. Representatives of the family of freshwater, or river, dolphins have a much more limited distribution. For the most part, they inhabit inland fresh waters, although some of them can even penetrate coastal zones. seas.

slide 4. sea ​​turtles excellent swimmers and divers. Clumsy on land, these large reptiles glide gracefully through the water with flipper-like forelimbs and a streamlined carapace. Sea turtles often come to the surface to breathe when they are active. And while resting, some species can remain under water for several hours.

Slide 5. Starfish Its name sea ​​stars received thanks to their original form (rays)

Slide 6. Starfish got their name due to their original form: they have 5 to 40 limbs (rays). These animals are predators. The stars feed on mollusks and various benthic invertebrates.

Slide 7. Whales are the largest among animals. In adulthood, they reach an average body length of 25 m (the largest is 33 m, and the weight is 90-120 tons).

Slide 8. Sea urchin. These representatives of marine fauna live at the bottom. They move with the help of special legs. The legs are long elastic processes. At the ends they have suction cups, so the marine inhabitant can crawl not only on a horizontal, but also on a vertical surface.

Slide 9. Seahorses live in tropical and subtropical seas. They lead a sedentary lifestyle, attaching themselves to plant stems with flexible tails and changing body color, completely merging with the background. This is how they protect themselves from predators and disguise themselves while hunting for food. Skates feed on small crustaceans and shrimps.

Slide 10. Octopuses are the most intelligent of all invertebrates. Octopuses are often colored brown, red, yellowish, but they can change color no worse than chameleons.

Slide 11. Sharks live in the waters of the whole world. ocean, that is, in all seas and oceans. Some species of sharks are able to live in both salty and fresh water swimming in rivers. The depth of the habitat of sharks is on average 2000 meters, in rare cases they go down to 3000 meters.

Slide 12. Crabs inhabit all seas and oceans of the planet. Along with a special body shape, crabs are characterized by the presence of 10 pairs of limbs.

Sly 13. Stingrays live in all seas and oceans and live both in the cold waters of the Arctic and Antarctic, and in the tropics. Stingrays have organs that generate electricity.

Slide 14. Jellyfish. These amazing animals live only in salt water, and therefore they can be found in all our oceans and seas. Among the representatives of this class there are both heat-loving animals and those who prefer cold waters, species that live only near the surface of the water, and those that live only at the bottom. ocean

Slide 15. Thank you for your attention!

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