Javanese Kanchil is the smallest of the artiodactyls (5 photos). Order XI Artiodactyls (Artiodactyla) Small artiodactyl animal

Javanese kanchil(Javanese or Malay deer) is considered the smallest artiodactyl animal in the world, their height rarely exceeds 25 cm, and their weight is a maximum of 2.5 kg., It has similar dimensions to a cat or a hare. Despite not having the large, branching horns of their larger counterparts, the Javanese Kanchil has sharp and strong fangs, based on the size of the animal. Outwardly, the kanchil is very similar to the roe deer: a rather large (relative to its size in general) body, bright eyes, graceful legs with small hooves, a beautiful head; wool can be of different colors, but always soft.

These are herbivores different shapes and sizes, whose descendants should be considered as the culprits or clippers of Africa and the Middle East. With three divisions, there are the first ungulates in North America and Europe. Mammals develop forms that adapt to life in the sea.

In widespread tropical forests This period termites live for the first time. Favorable tropical jungle world, the significant development of birds begins with the number of species, as well as the individual number. Numerous special shapes also appear.

The Java deer lives in the South - East Asia, on the islands of Kalimantan, Java and Sumatra, as well as in India and Ceylon, West Africa and South Asia.

In addition to the fact that Javanese kanchil - the smallest artiodactyl in the world, these animals are considered to be one of the most ancient: its history of existence begins 50 million years ago, during the formation of groups of ancient ungulates.

The most overwhelming are experiencing a significant increase in new species. In the first encounter of the collision, the north-drifting front Indian subcontinent meets Asia. Around this time, the Afro-Arabic table is also moving forward against Eurasia.

In Messel, near Darmstadt, a tropical lake in the jungle landed. In its anoxic soil deposits, among many plants, a large number of animal fossils are in excellent preservation. Primary horses are of particular importance, the bats, numerous insect eaters, as well as protruding animals and "real" predators.

Javanese kanchili do not gather in flocks, they prefer a solitary lifestyle, and they get a couple for themselves only during the mating season. During the day, they usually sit among the bushes or in the holes of other animals, and at night they go out for leaves, herbs and berries - this is what kanchili like to eat. In addition to the above, they are also very good swimmers, which allows them to hunt crabs, shellfish and fish.
The behavior of Javanese kanchels when an enemy approaches is usually similar to the behavior of opossums: when the enemy approaches, the deer pretends to be dead, and as soon as the opportunity arises, it jumps sharply right in front of its nose and runs away.

In Central Europe lives a subordinate order of teeth, ants. Here is a family of vertebrates that is otherwise only found in South America. The first representatives of clown hooves develop from the original hooves. Fossil amphibians and reptiles, as well as birds of tropical wet biotopes, are especially common. Mighty sediments of limestone are deposited in the shallow sea of ​​warm water in the Paris Basin, Well-preserved vertebrate fossils of many species.

Thousands of farm animals, mostly mammals, are in a fossil trap near Egerkingen in Switzerland. They die in the karst column and fossils abound. Ancestors of horses and tapirs, as well as clown ungulates, carnivores and primates.

The breeding characteristics of Javan deer have not yet been fully explored, but most likely they give birth to only one cub, like most other animals. Newborn kanchili develop quite quickly: an hour after birth, they already quickly follow their mother, and at 5 months they enter sexual maturity.
Keeping the Javanese Kanchil is quite popular in Europe, where they can be kept in captivity, and many owners even send their pets to exhibitions or simply show other people such an unusual animal.

A fossil burial site is being built southwest of Cairo in the Fayoum Valley with a particular interest in development. The Faiyum fossils include the first mammals, early ungulates, the first whales, carnivores, and reptiles. The first remains of primates are also fossils.

During this time, the so-called sedimentation gaps, i.e. deposition layer failures are widely used. The large wave of species dying is particularly affecting the mammalian fauna of Western Europe. At the same time, numerous new families of mammals are emerging.

A distinctive feature of the deer is his love for cleanliness: he constantly licks and cleans himself, so those who decide to keep him at home should take into account that the pet's cage must always be clean.

Its 35 members are spread over large parts of Europe, Asia, Northern and South America. The first "Urhirshe" seems to have appeared in Africa in the early Miocene about 25 million years ago, i.e. on a continent where deer have been largely displaced by various horned antelopes.

In the late Miocene, early ancestral ancestors spread throughout Africa from all over Eurasia, developing big variety forms. There are 15 different types of deer living in the New World today. From the Arctic Circle in Alaska to Magellan in southern Chile, they inhabit a wide variety of habitats. Among the New Zealand herds, the smallest and largest member of the deer family: With a shoulder height of less than 35 cm and a weight of 7 kilograms, the Northern Pudu is the undisputed dwarf among the Colombian, Ecuadorian and Peruvian Andes deer.

Small deer, or kanchil, or Javanese small kanchil (Tragulus javanicus) - a species of mammal from the deer family. The smallest artiodactyl on the planet. Lives in Southeast Asia.

small deer length from 45 to 55 cm, height at the withers from 20 to 25 cm and weight from 1.5 to 2.5 kg. Tail about 5 cm long.

And a giant family, the Alaska elk, with a shoulder height of up to 2.3 m and sometimes weighing more than 800 kilograms, is also found in northern regions North America. Distributed from Canada to Chile. In addition, the Opera Deer is located on the island of Curaçao, which is located off the coast of Venezuela and is part of the Netherlands Antilles. With human assistance, he also managed to conquer a number of other Caribbean islands, including the Greater Antilles in Cuba, Jamaica, and Hispaniola. Thus, the species is divided into about 37 different subspecies.

The color of the coat on the upper side is brown. The underside and chin are white. The muzzle is pointed, the black nose is hairless, the eyes are very large. The physique is roundish, the legs, in contrast to the body, look unusually graceful. The horns are absent, the upper fangs are enlarged, in particular, in the male, like tusks, they stick out of the mouth.

However, this was discontinued after studies in the 1970s showed that there were no differences between North American, Central American, and South American Weisswedels, that their justification in several forms would be justified. The most striking difference between the various regional populations is the average size people who are really very changeable. An adult male from Canada can reach a weight of almost 200 kilograms and a shoulder height of more than 100 centimeters, while an adult male from Florida, where the smallest subspecies, the so-called key white-tailed deer, is at home from 22 to 25 kilograms of body weight, barely weighing an eighth of them, and is usually only half the height of the shoulders up to 50 centimeters.

The area of ​​distribution of the species covers the territory from southern China (Yunnan) to the Malay Peninsula and the islands of Sumatra, Borneo and Java with nearby small islands. It lives in forests with dense undergrowth, often near water bodies.

Very shy animals leading a solitary lifestyle. Active mainly at night. During the day, they sleep in rock crevices or hollow tree trunks. At night, they go in search of food, laying tunnel-like paths in the thicket.

In all subspecies, the females are clearly smaller and lighter than the males. This is discarded after the rut and then reshaped. Each of the two parts of the horn consists of a shaft curved outward in a semicircle, usually with six or seven steps. Part 1 of the formula for success is exceptional adaptability to a wide variety of habitats and different climatic conditions. Weisswedel Hirschen seems to be able to live almost anywhere where there is plant food all year round and where woody plants somehow pass on some kind of cover.

The only habitats they cannot colonize in their range are true dry deserts and tropical forests. In fact, when food is plentiful in their habitat, female white-breasted deer may already be pregnant for the first time as a teenager at 6 to 7 months of age and be born at 13 to 14 months of age for the first time. In addition, adult females over 18 months of age give birth to twins and sometimes even triplets under favorable conditions.

These are exclusively territorial animals, and the area of ​​​​the site for males is approximately 12 hectares, and for females - approximately 8.5 hectares. Communication uses markings of piss, dirt and secrets, which are great for dense and poorly lit jungles. The fight for the site between males is carried out with the help of long fangs.

In a natural lifespan of usually over twelve years, a woman can thus produce 15 to 20 young men in her lifetime. In less favorable living conditions, females usually do not start growing for the first time in their second year of life, and then usually give birth to "lone babies". Hesitation is an exciting time. Although it is quite common for white-backed women to reproduce themselves as teenagers, this is probably a big exception among men. AT wild nature however, they are staved off by the older, stronger men around them due to the massive rivalry during rut season.

Little deer are primarily herbivores that feed on leaves, buds and fruits. In zoos, they also eat insects.

Females often mate again within a few hours after they give birth to cubs and can spend almost their entire lives in a state of pregnancy. After about 140 days of gestation, the female gives birth to one, rarely two cubs, which feed on an udder with four teats. Within 30 minutes after their birth, they are on their feet. After about 10-13 weeks, they are weaned from their mother, and at about 5 to 6 months of age, they become sexually mature. Life expectancy is 12 years.

For most of the year, deer dressed in white whites are peaceful creatures that exhibit aggressive behavior towards their offspring in exceptional circumstances. During the track season, which repeats every year, this changes drastically. Then each male tends to become the dominant "staster", thus gaining the prerogative of mating with resident females. Most of the fights that take place between rival males during this time are quickly over, as usually one of them soon acknowledges his submission and soon leaves.

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The most ancient artiodactyl animal on our planet - little deer. He is also known as Javanese small kanchil.

Deer appeared on Earth about 50 million years ago and outwardly almost unchanged. Kanchil is not only the oldest artiodactyl, but also the smallest. The height of the animal reaches 25 cm at the withers, the body length is about 50 cm, and the weight reaches 2.5 kg.

Deer live in tropical rainforests in Southeast Asia and Africa. Mammals are very shy and mostly nocturnal, during the day they hide in thickets, tree roots and hollows. It’s hard to believe it, but they are able to climb trees on their hooves, and excellent swimmers have also finished - hiding from predators, they can for a long time be under water.

They feed on leaves and grass, insects, small rodents, fish and crabs. Kanchili do not have horns, but they do have small fangs. Males have longer fangs than females and protrude like tusks. Fangs are used as a weapon against predators and a means in the fight for the female. The trail of fangs was painful and rather deep.

Small deer, or kanchil, or Javanese small kanchil (Tragulus javanicus) is a species of mammal from the deer family. The smallest artiodactyl on the planet. Lives in Southeast Asia.

small deer length from 45 to 55 cm, height at the withers from 20 to 25 cm and weight from 1.5 to 2.5 kg. Tail about 5 cm long.

The color of the coat on the upper side is brown. The underside and chin are white. The muzzle is pointed, the black nose is hairless, the eyes are very large. The physique is roundish, the legs, in contrast to the body, look unusually graceful. The horns are absent, the upper fangs are enlarged, in particular, in the male, like tusks, they stick out of the mouth.

The area of ​​distribution of the species covers the territory from southern China (Yunnan) to the Malay Peninsula and the islands of Sumatra, Borneo and Java with nearby small islands. It lives in forests with dense undergrowth, often near water bodies.

Very shy animals leading a solitary lifestyle. Active mainly at night. During the day, they sleep in rock crevices or hollow tree trunks. At night, they go in search of food, laying tunnel-like paths in the thicket.

These are exclusively territorial animals, and the area of ​​​​the site for males is approximately 12 hectares, and for females - approximately 8.5 hectares. Communication uses markings of piss, dirt and secrets, which are great for dense and poorly lit jungles. The fight for the site between males is carried out with the help of long fangs.

Little deer are primarily herbivores that feed on leaves, buds, and fruits. In zoos, they also eat insects.

Females often mate again within a few hours after they give birth to cubs and can spend almost their entire lives in a state of pregnancy. After about 140 days of gestation, the female gives birth to one, rarely two cubs, which feed on an udder with four teats. Within 30 minutes after their birth, they are on their feet. After about 10-13 weeks, they are weaned from their mother, and at the age of about 5 to 6 months they become sexually mature. Life expectancy is 12 years.

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Hooves are derivatives of the skin at the end of the toes. These horn formations correspond to human nails. Animals assigned to this order have an odd number of fingers surrounded by a hoof. All of them are large mammals.
The following families are classified as odd-toed ungulates: horses, tapirs, rhinos. Horses have 1 toe, rhinos have
Tapirs are recognized as odd-toed ungulates only because of their hind (three-toed) legs. Their forelimbs are equipped with 4 fingers.

• The horse grin, resembling a wide smile, is actually an auxiliary olfactory action. By bending the upper lip, these animals direct air filled with a certain smell to the end of the nasal canal. There are receptor glands. Horses sniff this way more often than mares.
• Horses cannot focus their eyes like humans can. Top part The retina is designed to see objects near, and the lower one is far away. If the horse wants to see an object at some distance, it raises its head.
• horses see colourful dreams.
• Their hooves are made up of a special protein called keratin. Therefore, at large physical activity such formations wear out.
• A horseshoe, like running shoes, improves cushioning and traction of the hoof when running.
• horses possess good memory. They can remember the person they like when they see him after a long break.
• California Governor Leland Stanford argued that at some point in the run, all 4 legs of a horse could be in the air. To prove his point, he enlisted the help of photographer Edward Muybridge, who was the first to use a special technique for taking pictures.
• In 1877, capturing a fleeting moment was extremely difficult. Therefore, Muybridge arranged 12 cameras in a row, each of which worked immediately after the previous one.
• Threads were stretched to the shutters of the devices, crossing the running track. So the corresponding number of different stages of the canter was filmed on film. Stanford confirmed his theory, and the new technique led to the creation of an animated film of 24 frames.

• Donkeys were domesticated in Egypt (where they come from), even earlier than the horse.
• Asian donkeys (kulans) failed to be domesticated.
• They come in black, grey, brown and white.
• The highest are the donkeys of the Poitan breed, growing up to 155 cm.
• Donkeys are very industrious. The duration of their working day can be 8-10 hours with one lunch break.
• As a result of crossing these animals with horses, mules were bred, whose hooves do not need to be shod.
• If you are going to use the donkey as vehicle, handle it with great care. When falling from it, there is a greater risk of breaking your neck than in a similar situation with a horse.

Little raccoon - of course, they heard ... But the little deer ... Perhaps you need to look through zoology or watch "In the Animal World". And you can read ... here ... about small, incredibly interesting and amazing little deer. Meet Javanese Kanchil… yes, yes, there are such miniature ungulates.

Small deer do not have branched horns, but there are impressive fangs, based on the size of the animal. The growth of Javanese kanchils, the smallest representatives of artiodactyls found in Southeast Asia, on the islands of Kalimantan, Java and Sumatra, in India and Ceylon from 20 cm (smallest) - small kanchil up to 80 cm (largest) - African water kanchil . Weight ranges from 1.5 kg to 5-8 kg, respectively. From the mouse, the kanchils inherited a grayish-brown coat with an orange tint, a secretive nocturnal lifestyle and omnivorous nature. The small size helps them to move perfectly in dense thickets, not to "sink" in the swampy soil of the rainforest.

Kanchili usually give birth to two cubs and are very territorial, ie. are permanent "owners" of about 10 hectares of space. During the day, deer hide and sleep, at dusk and at night they hunt. Promiscuity in food for kanchili comes down to the fact that they eat not only vegetation - mushrooms, fruits, leaves, but also small animals, ranging from beetles to frogs and fish, which are perfectly hunted at small stakes. One of the species, the African water kanchil, can even be called an “amphibious mammal”, spends almost all the time in the water, hunts here, escapes from predators and swims beautifully. And yet ... mouse deer eat ... carrion. There are only 5 species of these most interesting animals on the planet. And in the Malay folklore, the kanchili is assigned the role of a cunning animal, like the Slavs - the fox.