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3. Cultivate love for the native language.
During the classes.
I.Organizing time.
- Good morning everyone morning!
1 slide: Hello school!
Hello class!
You meet us again!
Repeat these words.
See how the sun rejoices in response to you. I think with Have a good mood we will begin our lesson.
Sit quietly.
II. Introduction to the topic.
2 slide:
Read the words:
get through
penetrate
destroy
Why are all these words in one group? ( are verbs)
Prove it. ( children tell the rule + example)
Read only the first three words. What can be said about them?
(These are verbs that are close in meaning.
What is their meaning? ( get inside something).
How else can they be called? ( synonyms)
That's right, words are friends.
Read the rest of the words. What can be said about them?
(These are verbs that are opposite in meaning.)
How to understand "opposite"? (vice versa)
That's right, these are words - arguing.
How else can they be called? (antonyms).
Who will name the topic of today's lesson?
3 slide:- Read again the name of our lesson topic:
Verbs are synonyms, verbs are antonyms.
Why do we need them? ( To make our speech richer, more beautiful and more accurate).
And this is what we will see today. And the purpose of our lesson:
Learn to use verbs that are close and opposite in meaning in speech.
Sh. Work in notebooks.
4 slide:
Open your notebooks, write down the number: April twenty third. Classwork.
A minute of calligraphy. On the board, carefully read the words for a minute of calligraphy: (One child reads)
quarrel to be– dra to be
(I show on the board).
Pay attention to the correct spelling of the part of the word: to be and the correct combination of letters Xia (bottom connection).
IV. Working on new material.
What is special about this pair of words? ( These verbs are synonyms.
How did you guess? ( Words that are opposite in meaning, vice versa).
Who can say what are synonyms? (guys speak out)
In order for you to remember better, I have prepared for you
5 slide: "Knots for memory."
6 slide:- Read Lena.
What can we add specifically to verbs - synonyms?
Read again and remember.
Tell each other the rule, giving your examples, use the examples of verbs - synonyms that you will find on the board.
work move cry
laugh look work
stop laughing be lazy
watch raise
go stand
Examination:
What are synonyms? + example
What are antonyms? ( listening to children)
If I tell you: "sit down", you? (get up), look at the blackboard? (We won't watch). These are verbs - antonyms.
7 slide: Read Julia, the rule.
Knot (entered - vice versa? - left), (flew up - vice versa? - flew off).
Tell each other the rule, give examples, use the words on the board.
What are antonyms?
Well done, well oriented, so they remembered.
Let's get some rest.
8 slide: Fizminutka. (two frogs in the swamp).
9 slide:
I offer you the “Auction of words”.
What is an "auction"?
- Auction - is a public auction in which a product or property is sold to the highest bidder.
In our case, instead of a product, verbs are given:
scold scold - praise
hurry run - stand
construct build - break
intercede protect - offend
it gets evening darkens - dawns
have fun rejoice - grieve
take take - give
Your task is to find a synonym and antonym for each verb in 5 minutes. Whoever writes the most words gets the highest score.
Let's sum up.
10 slide: - Who is bigger? (Guys who wrote more words come out).
Let's check how it could be written. (Alternately, the children read the words)
Who learned new meanings of words, replenished their vocabulary?
Well done.
Get ready to write down a proverb under dictation.
-Work makes you young, and laziness makes you old.
Explain spelling.
11 slide:
Check the correct spelling.
Name only the verbs.
What can you say about them? (verbs are antonyms).
Prove it.
(open check)
What are synonyms? + examples
What are antonyms? + examples
Who has gone up a notch in their knowledge?
Well done, I'm happy for you. So it will be easier for you to work now,
because:
12 slide: One stone will not lift, but in peace we will move a mountain.
How do you understand the meaning of the proverb?
Name the verb in the first line. Pick an antonym. (raise).
What knot do you remember? (one-root word, opposite in meaning).
Name the second line of the verb. Choose a synonym. (let's move).
Goodies!
Group work:
Gather in groups: Pattern, bouquet and orchard.
Each team receives a task, and you have the right to a "helping hand", i.e. a hint. In case of difficulty, raise your hand - get a hint.
Assignment to the group "Bouquet".
1. Pick up antonyms for the words: disappeared - (?) (found, appeared)
broke - (?) (made, adjusted)
2. Underline the verbs - synonyms.
Looks like a goose at the glow. Looks like a cat on fat.
Assignment to the "Pattern" group.
Replace verbs with synonyms:
The sun has set - (set, set)
The plane landed - (landed)
The boy is running - (rushing, rushing)
The river runs - (flows, flows)
Why is the same verb used differently?
(More precisely, the thought is expressed).
Assignment to the group "Orchard".
1.- What are these words? Prove it.
Built, constructed, erected?
What kind of things can you say that about?
2 How can you avoid repeating words in a sentence?
(Trolleybuses pass along our street, buses pass, cars pass.)
EXAMINATION!
What helped you complete all the tasks?
(knowledge of the rules)
What are the rules? (What are synonyms, what are antonyms?) + examples.
Why do we need them?
Listen carefully to the poem (Misha reads), find synonyms for verbs and an antonym for them.
Who was interested in the lesson?
Which words are difficult to find an antonym for? What is the antonym for eternity?
For the first part of the answer, I'll try to offer: Universe.
For the second - Moment.
I believe that an antonym cannot be chosen for words that do not contain some kind of opposite connotations, in which there is no comparison. These words include words that characterize weight, height, time of day. For example, it is impossible to find an antonym for the words Wednesdayquot ;, kilogramquot ;, centimeterquot ;. And also nouns with a specific meaning do not have antonyms. Find an antonym for a pencil, pen or paper. And as for complexity, it is difficult to find antonyms for words that denote feelings, because feelings contain the concept of intensity. And the antonym of the word eternity - instant.
An antonym is suitable for the word ETERNITY - An instant or One moment, or a moment.
That's very short list, in my opinion, to which it is difficult to find antonyms.
Get hurt.
Funeral.
Direction.
installation
Intelligence
promenade,
Leaven.
Distance
terrain,
Tree sticks.
For each word, you can pick up an antonym if you think carefully and concentrate. The only catch is that everyone has their own opinion, so if it may seem to you that you have chosen the perfect antonym, many may not agree with you. And the antonym for the word eternity suggests immediacy.
Probably, you can pick up an antonym for any word, although I would like them not to be good words, there were only synonyms.
There was a joke in KVN, it seems to sound like this: It is interesting that the antonym for the word antonym is a synonym;
What is an antonym - it means the opposite, it is necessary to choose the opposite for the given word.
What is eternity is constancy, a whole century, timelessness, endlessly, for hours, without end.
And the antonym for this word means the opposite word.
Antonym for the word Eternity is a finiteness, an instant, a second, an instant, a minute
I think that either you can pick up an antonym for a word, or you can’t. And the difficulty, probably, can arise if there is not enough vocabulary(In no way do I want to offend anyone), so it all depends on the person. And for eternity, I would pick up the antonym instant or momentquot ;.
There are words to which antonyms are not selected at all, and that's all known fact. So don't think too long. I also agree with the previous answers that it is not so difficult to find an antonym for the word eternity, it will be the word - a moment.
In Russian, there are words that are called words of gratitude, for example, the word Thanks"; it is very difficult to find an antonym for it, one might say that it is not possible; word please" also does not allow you to choose an antonym for yourself; but the word eternity" has such an antonym as moment quot ;, if you pick up the word eternity antonym second" or " minute" blunder will not.
What are words that have the opposite meaning, but refer to the same part of speech?
Athanasius44
A word with the opposite meaning in grammar is called antonym.
For some words, there are opposite meanings of qualitative characteristics, for example, in relation to height (high - low), weight (light - heavy), season (winter - summer) or day (morning - evening).
But for most words there is no such opposition, therefore, antonyms for them are possible only in a figurative sense.
Antonyms cannot be formed from words from different parts of speech or lexical levels.
Numerals, pronouns and proper names do not form antonyms.
Among the antonyms are:
contradictory, when there are no transitional steps between them (dead - alive),
counter, when there are transitional gradations between them (white - gray - black), -
vector, denoting the multidirectionality of signs, phenomena or actions (left - entered, revolutionary - counter-revolutionary),
converses, when opposite points of view are described by antonyms (learn - teach, found - lost),
enantiosemy, the antonym has the opposite meaning (borrowed an instrument from a neighbor - lent an instrument to a neighbor).
Antonyms can have one root and differ only in prefixes (input - output), or they can be of different roots (forward - backward).
Nelli4ka
Words with opposite meanings are called "antonyms".
Antonyms have diametrically opposite meanings, they are spelled differently. However, the roots can be either different (light - darkness) or the same (in-out).
In any case, antonyms must refer to the same part of speech. It is impossible to find an antonym-verb for a noun.
The core of any antonyms is a sign (actions, natural phenomena, qualities, feelings, etc.), but the qualitative shades of this sign can be different.
Of course, not all words of the Russian language have their antonyms, because in some cases it is impossible to pick up those. But it happens that a word in a figurative sense acts as an antonym. Or the antonym is possible only in a specific case ("I need a husband, not a lazy person").
Lorelei
Antonyms are words of the same part of speech that have the opposite meaning. The term Antonyms itself is of Greek origin.
Antonyms are opposed to each other according to some essential feature, and by no means all words can enter into antonymic relations. Antonyms are presented in dictionaries in pairs. Antonyms are divided into two types: heterogeneous (fat - thin, fast - slow, fun - sadness, work - idleness), and single-rooted (for example, revolution - counter-revolution, come - leave). Antonyms are widely used in fiction as one of the figurative means.
Andreyushka
Words that have the opposite meaning are called ANTONYMS. They must necessarily belong to the same part of speech. For example: black - white (adjective), blacken - turn white (verb), black - white (noun), white - black (adverb). This is the most illustrative example of antonyms.
Lots of words have no antonyms. For example: broom, well, brown, space, etc. You can even say this: few words have antonyms.
There are also approximate antonyms, that is, it is necessary to take into account not only them direct meaning, and consider the word in general view. Thus, the following pairs can be antonyms: a hotel - a hut, a sword - a shield.
There is a very interesting VKontakte game - Antonyms. Photos are offered here and you need to find and guess antonyms on them. There are very difficult tasks here, which just belong to groups of approximate antonyms. The higher the level, the more difficult the tasks of this VKontakte game. The winner is waiting for a prize.
Agafya
Words that are opposite in meaning to each other are called antonyms. Their spelling may differ, for example, "true" and "false". These are antonyms of different roots. Antonyms are single-rooted, formed as a result of adding various prefixes (not-, re-, counter-, without-, de-), for example, love - dislike, revolution - counter-revolution. Sometimes antonyms are formed with the addition of the particle "not-", to speak-not to be silent, to hear-not to hear.
There are also enantiosemes, when one word can be interpreted in different senses, "view" materials in the sense of getting acquainted and "view" in the sense of not noticing the necessary information.
Words that belong to the same part of speech and have opposite meanings are called antonyms. These linguistic units are opposed to each other and are polar. The opposite meaning can have words that mean:
All differences between antonyms are of a contrasting nature. Moreover, it is impossible to pick up an antonym-noun, an antonym-adverb or an antonym-adjective for a word-verb. If our word is a verb, then its antonym must also be the same part of speech.
Examples of antonyms: love - hate, old - young, good - bad, friendship - enmity, cold - hot.
Strymbrym
You just relax on such issues. In the process of answering, only one difficulty arises, how to stretch the answer so that it includes 200 characters. So, words that have the opposite meaning, but related to the same part of speech, are called - "Antonyms".
Elena-kh
words with opposite meanings can be called either oppositions or antonyms. But in this case you need to answer antonyms. Antonyms can be different parts speech, an example of antonyms: long - short, close - far.
Antonyms These are words of the same part of speech with opposite meanings. For example, single-root words antonyms happiness - unhappiness. And other examples of full - hungry, kind angry, strong - weak.
Synonyms, antonyms, anonyms ...) 2 examples each ... help pliz)
Andrey Kuzmichev
Synonyms in linguistics are words of the same part of speech, different in sound and spelling (cf. homonyms), but having the same or very close lexical meaning (cf. antonyms)
Synonyms and nominal definitions should be distinguished - the latter represent complete identity. Antonyms (Greek αντί- “against” + όνομα “name”) are words of the same part of speech, different in sound and spelling, having directly opposite meanings: truth - lie, good - angry, to speak - to be silent.
Synonym classification
So, synonyms can be differentiated:
on the subjects they designate [S. "buffoon - actor - comedian - actor - artist" reflect different moments in the development of the theater and different attitudes towards the profession of an actor (cf. next paragraph)];
according to the social assessment of the designated subject (S. "salary - salary" reflect a different attitude towards the remuneration received for work);
according to applicability in a particular style of speech (S. "horse - horse" is stylistically not always reversible; in the verse "where are you galloping, proud horse?" The substitution of S. "horse" will produce a comic effect);
according to the etymological meaning, which can give one of the S. a special color (S. "brave - fearless" connect the general concept of courage in the first case with "daring", "determination", in the second - with "lack of fear"; therefore, these S. in a certain context can be used as words opposite in meaning, as antonyms);
by the presence or absence of figurative meanings: for example, in the famous epigram Batyushkov K. N. Advice to the epic poet:
Antonyms according to the type of concepts expressed:
Contradictory correlates are such opposites that mutually complement each other to a whole, without transitional links; they are in relation to the privative opposition. Examples: bad - good, false - true, alive - dead.
counter correlates - antonyms expressing polar opposites within one essence in the presence of transitional links - internal gradation; they are in relation to the gradual opposition. Examples: black (- gray -) white, old (- elderly - middle-aged -) young, large (- medium -) small.
vector correlates are antonyms expressing different directions of actions, signs, social phenomena, etc. Examples: enter - exit, descend - rise, ignite - extinguish, revolution - counter-revolution.
Converses are words that describe the same situation from the point of view of different participants. Examples: buy - sell, husband - wife, teach - learn, lose - win, lose - find.
enantiosemy - the presence of opposite meanings in the structure of the word. Examples: to lend money to someone - to borrow money from someone, to surround with tea - to treat and not to treat.
pragmatic - words that are regularly opposed in the practice of their use, in contexts (pragmatics - "action"). Examples: soul - body, mind - heart, earth - sky.
By structure, antonyms are:
heterogeneous (forward - backward);
single root - are formed with the help of prefixes that are opposite in meaning: enter - exit, or with the help of a prefix added to the original word (monopoly - antimonopoly).
Anonym (Greek) - nameless, unknown. Anonymous author.
The meaning of the word "anonymous" is different for different types of texts. Anonymous can be literary works, and utilitarian messages - letters, libels, denunciations, etc.
Homonyms (from the Greek ὁμός - the same and ονομα - name) - words different in meaning, but identical in spelling and sounding units of the language (words, morphemes, etc.). The term was introduced by Aristotle. Not to be confused with homophones
The words
A scythe is on a girl’s head, a scythe is a mowing tool, a scythe is a geographical name (Curonian Spit)
Key - musical sign, the key - from the door, the key - natural source water.
Onion is a plant, onion is a weapon.
Pen - writing (gel, ballpoint, etc.), pen - human hand,
What are words antonyms and words synonyms
User deleted
antonyms opposite in meaning adjectives
bad-good
synonyms similar in meaning adjectives
Synonym - A word that differs from another in sound or spelling, but the same or close to it in meaning.
Antonym - Words with the opposite meaning of another word.
Antonyms (Greek αντί- “against” + όνομα “name”) are words of one part of speech, different in sound and spelling, having directly opposite meanings: truth - lies, good - evil, speak - be silent.
Synonyms in linguistics - words of one part of speech, different in sound and spelling (cf. homonyms), but having the same or very close lexical meaning (cf. antonyms)
Examples: cavalry - cavalry, brave - brave
They serve to increase the expressiveness of speech, allow you to avoid the monotony of speech.
It is necessary to distinguish between synonyms and nominal definitions - the latter represent complete identity.
Ludmila
Antonyms (gr. anti - against + onyma - name) are words that are different in sound, having directly opposite meanings: truth - lies, good - evil, speak - be silent .. Words are called synonyms (more precisely, words considered in a certain sense ) , usually belonging to the same part of speech, with the same or similar meaning. For example, synonyms are the words bold and brave, sadness and sadness, extinguish and extinguish ..
Karlygash
antonyms are words that are opposite in meaning: native - alien, close - distant, good - evil.
synonyms are words that are the same or close in meaning: bed, bed, bunk, bed, bunks - a place to sleep.
Antonyms are words with opposite lexical meanings, they always belong to the same part of speech.
This means that if we are looking for an antonym for a noun, we must select it only from nouns. For an adjective, you can find an antonym only among adjectives, and for a verb only among verbs. Accordingly, the antonym for an adverb will be only an adverb. Linguistic antonyms can never be words that belong to different parts of speech or lexical levels.
Antonyms can be selected for such words, the meanings of which carry opposite qualitative shades, but these meanings are always based on a common feature (season of the year, weight, height, feeling, time of day, etc.).
The function of the opposite of antonyms can be used to achieve various stylistic goals, among which one can list: an indication of the limit of the manifestation of a quality, property, relationship or action; actualization of the statement or strengthening of the image, impression; expression of evaluation, often in comparative terms, of opposite properties of objects and actions; affirmation of two opposite properties, qualities or actions; approval of one of the opposed signs, actions and phenomena of reality at the expense of the denial of the other; recognition of an intermediate quality or property, possible or actually established between two words opposite in meaning.
Most of all antonyms are among adjectives, since the main feature of antonymy is the presence of a qualitative feature, and no matter how the adjective expresses quality. There are a lot of examples of antonymic pairs among adjectives: fat - thin, cold - hot, quiet - loud, light - dark, black - white, sweet - salty, sharp - dumb, small - big and many others.
However, nouns can also express the opposite meaning and show contrast. For example: evil - good, cold - heat, purity - dirt, winter - summer, day - night, life - death, youth - old age, victory - defeat.
There are also many antonymic pairs among verbs. This, for example: love - hate, work - rest, go - stand, respect - despise, accelerate - slow down, scold - praise, speak - be silent, open - close.
Good examples of antonymic pairs among adverbs include the following: cold - hot, beautiful - ugly, understandable - incomprehensible, accidentally - on purpose, quickly - slowly, tasty - tasteless, sweet - bitter, quiet - loud, calm - stormy, sharp - insipid and etc.
Antonyms can differ in structure and be: heterogeneous (left-right, up-down, back and forth), single-root, that is, those that are formed using prefixes with the opposite meaning or with the addition of a prefix to the original word (close-open, humane -inhumane, monopoly-antimonopoly).
From the point of view of action, antonyms can be: proportionate, that is, when there is some action and its opposition (push - pull, get up - lie down, build - break, get rich - get poorer, blush - turn pale) and disproportionate, when there is an action and the absence of this action (to carry out - to do nothing, to be silent - to speak).
There are dictionaries of antonyms in Russian, the first of which were compiled and published back in the 1970s.
With the advent of neologisms in the language, new antonymic pairs appear, which linguists immediately take up to study. Neologism antonyms include: cool - sucks, stupid - fumble / whip, bummer - freebie and stuff like that. Such neologism antonyms are mainly used by young people and refer to youth slang.
Antonymic words and expressions help to make Russian speech more expressive, informative and rich. Our everyday speech, literature, media reports are full of antonyms. It is already difficult to imagine the Russian language without antonyms. Without them, it will become faded and boring, statements will lose their piquancy and emotionality, so such a stylistic device as antonymy is really necessary for speech.
