Documents necessary for building a house. What documents are needed to build a private house?

To obtain a building permit, you need to contact the administration with an application and these documents:

• resolution of the head of administration on the provision of a land plot for individual housing construction;
• contract of sale;
• general plan;
• site passport;
• an act on the full-scale establishment of the boundaries of a land plot and the breakdown of buildings, red lines and axes of the building.

Preparation of documents for the construction of a residential building

After reviewing the documents, the head of the administration will issue a resolution on permission (or refusal of permission) for the construction of a private residential building. If all is well, a project passport for a private residential building will be issued, its composition:

• administration resolution on construction permission;
• a document certifying the developer’s right to the land plot;
• a copy of the master plan of the relevant urban planning documentation;
• situational plan;
• technical conditions (TS) for connection to utility networks (with diagram);
• floor plans, sections, facades;
• an act on the full-scale establishment of the boundaries of a land plot and the breakdown of buildings (with a drawing diagram).

The project of a private residential building will be entered into a separate folder:

• situational plan(M 1:500), showing the location of the construction site in connection with the nearest settlements, sources and external networks of energy, heat and water supply, structures, sewerage networks;
• topographic survey of the area with the adjacent part of the street(M 1:500);
• master plan of the site with a vertical layout and linking the project to the area(M 1:200, 1:1000);
• basement plan (technical underground, ground floor);
• floor plans (M 1:100, 1:50);
• main and side facades of buildings(M 1:50, 1:100);
• characteristic cuts(M 1:100, 1:50);
• plans for floors and coverings of non-repeating floors th (M 1:100);
• roof truss plan(M 1:100);
• roof plan (M 1:100, 1:200);
• foundation plan(M 1:100, 1:50);
• cross-section of foundations, characteristic architectural and construction units and details(M 1:10, 1:20);
• general explanatory note and technical and economic indicators;
• cost estimates and financial considerations for construction costs;
• engineering support drawings (as per design specifications).

Documents for registration of land plot

If you have not yet registered a land plot, you need to submit the following documents:

• a statement that states: the purpose of using the land (organization of a farm or personal enterprise, construction of a private residential building, gardening, etc.), location and size of the land plot.
• a copy of an identity document (passport).
• contract of sale.
• documents, content information about a citizen’s right to a land plot (the right to perpetual use of a land plot, or the right to lifelong inheritable possession is considered).

The first step is to disturb the Ministry of State Property Management. An application is submitted there with a copy of your passport. It is important to know whether the plot was previously privatized or not. If not, the registration will take less time. Ideally 2 weeks.

After a decision is made to register a land plot, the applicant receives a copy of the decision document. The applicant uses his own money to measure the site and create a cadastral plan. On average, this takes a month. After this, the state enters into a land purchase and sale agreement. The exception is cases in which the applicant received the plot as an inheritance, or free of charge from the state.

After the above steps and processes, you must submit an application for registration to the Federal Registration Service by submitting the following documents:

• a copy of an identity document (passport);
• a decision made by the local executive authority on the registration of a land plot;
• contract of sale;
• certified cadastral plan of the land plot.

All documents, except the passport, must be submitted in original and copies.

Many residents of megacities dream of a private home, where they can feel like a full-fledged owner with their own private territory. A person accustomed to comfortable apartment conditions is frightened by building a house with his own hands. You shouldn’t be afraid of construction; it’s important to understand where construction begins, what stages it consists of, and how to arrange everything correctly.

Site selection and documents - how to choose and prepare correctly

Even a person far from construction understands where to start building his house - by choosing a site. When choosing a site for building a private house, you should consider the following factors:

• Location. The greatest demand is for land located within the city or at a short distance of about 10-15 km.
• Infrastructure: hospital (first aid station), shops, school, kindergarten, cultural and entertainment centers, etc.
• Availability and proximity of central communications: water and gas supply, sewerage, electricity, heating. The costs of connecting and conducting utility networks depend on this.
• Dimensions. The recommended ratio between the area of ​​the plot and the house is 1:10. Accordingly, on a plot of 10 acres, you can build a house with an area of ​​100 sq.m.
• Transport interchange. For car owners, the availability and quality of access roads is important. If there is no personal transport, then it is advisable that there is a public transport stop nearby.
• State of the environment. There should be no industrial facilities nearby that are sources of noise and pollution. It is desirable to have a pond and green spaces.
• Geodetic conditions: type of soil, depth of groundwater, presence of ground slope. This data will be needed when choosing the type of foundation and constructing a well.

When purchasing a plot, you should clarify the intended purpose: it must be indicated that the land is allocated for individual residential construction. It is also necessary to check the ownership documents, whether the land is intended to be used for government purposes, whether there are arrests or litigation on the site, whether the dimensions of the site coincide with those indicated in the cadastral passport, etc.

When the purchase and sale agreement is signed by a notary, it must be registered in the land registry. Next, you should start obtaining permits. If there are central networks, you need to obtain permission to connect the electricity network, water supply, sewerage, and gas to the house. After signing an agreement with the network owners, technical conditions for connecting communications are issued.

You can start building a house only after receiving a building permit, otherwise it may be demolished at any stage or a significant fine will be imposed.

To do this, you need to submit to the relevant authorities a package of necessary documents for permission to develop the project. Based on the technical specifications received from architecture and utility services, a project is developed. Then it is submitted for approval, and only after that a construction permit is issued.

How to correctly calculate construction financing?

The main question that arises before the developer is financing. It must be resolved before construction begins and the project is selected. It depends on your financial capabilities what size and what materials the house will be built from. The cost per square meter of a large house will be less than that of a small house. For the cost of construction, it is important how the house will be built: independently or by a team of builders. Hired labor is expensive and accounts for 40% of construction costs.

There are several factors that influence the cost of a home in one direction or another, they should be taken into account when drawing up a budget. Increases cost:

• development of an individual project;
• the presence of a basement, balconies, loggias;
• a large number of small rooms and rooms;
• decorative elements, protrusions and complex shape of the facade;
• high ceilings;
• unusual roof shape with many angles.

The cost can be reduced by the presence of a large number of windows, a rectangular or square design of the house with smooth external walls without protrusion or decoration, a minimum number of internal walls, and the installation of an attic instead of a second floor. You can take a ready-made standard project as a project.

To correctly calculate the budget, you need to know all the stages of building a private house and the cost ratio for each of them. The preparatory stage consists of paperwork and project development, provided that the site has already been purchased. Costs increase when choosing an individual project. The zero stage consists of digging a pit and laying a foundation. Costs depend on the type of foundation and amount to 15-30% of the total cost. When storing for the winter, the foundation is covered.

The stage of building the box, which includes the construction of external and internal walls, installation of the rafter system and roof, should preferably be completed before the onset of cold weather. These works take 35% of the total estimate. If there is a lack of finances for the winter period, construction can be frozen. Up to 15% of expenses go towards insulating a house and installing doors and windows. The next 15% is the cost of engineering work: conducting and connecting communications, installing equipment and instruments, installing electrical wiring, heating, etc.

Approximately 20% of the total estimate is spent on interior finishing work. At this stage everything depends on the materials used. In an insulated house, you can take your time with finishing and complete it as much as possible, accumulating enough money to finish each room.

Phased construction makes it possible to build a house as finances accumulate, without spending the entire amount at the very beginning of construction.

The project is the basis for the rapid construction of a reliable home

To build a house correctly, it is better to entrust the development of the project to specialists. You can create a project yourself if you have special knowledge, otherwise you can make mistakes that will result in additional costs at the construction stage and may negatively affect the operation of the building in the future. Individual design is an expensive pleasure, so it is more profitable to purchase a ready-made standard project. The advantage of ready-made solutions is that they take into account all the errors that emerged during construction.

At the design stage, the appearance of the house, the number of floors, the internal layout of the rooms, and the material of the structures are selected. The site is broken down with a plan for the location of future buildings. If a ready-made project is purchased, then it is linked to the site.

The size of the house depends on the size of the plot and the number of people who will permanently live in it. Experts believe that 30 square meters is enough for a comfortable stay for one family member. m. For 4 people, the area of ​​the house should be about 120 square meters. m.

Comfortable living conditions require compliance with certain rules. The house should have two zones: a day zone (hallway, kitchen, dining room, living room, bathrooms) and a night zone (bedrooms, bathrooms). Premises belonging to the day zone should be located closer to the exit, to the night zone, either in the back of the house or on the second floor. The day area should be spacious and comfortable to use. Its area for a family of 4 people should be at least 50 square meters. m.

Each family member should have their own bedroom. If there are 4 people in a family, then about 60 square meters should be allocated for the night area. m. Depending on the number of people, the number of bathrooms is planned. There is one bath for two bedrooms. Utility rooms and corridors should occupy from 10 to 20 square meters. m.

The best option for an inexpensive, cost-effective house to operate is a square one-story house with an area of ​​100 square meters. m. If you need a larger house, but not at the expense of reducing the area of ​​the plot, then a second floor is built. To save money, you can replace the second floor with an attic. On the second floor there are rooms that are not often visited, mostly bedrooms. If the groundwater level allows, you can build a basement and place part of the utility rooms in it.

At the design stage, building materials and technologies are selected, and construction estimates are calculated. The estimate lists the construction and finishing work of the house, the cost of materials and services, reflects all costs associated with transportation, etc.

What to build the walls of the house from and using what technology?

The appearance of the house, reliability, cost and service life depend on the materials chosen. Therefore, when choosing materials, a number of factors should be taken into account:

1. 1. Length of stay. For year-round use, you should choose materials with good thermal insulation and high strength characteristics. For living in the summer season, you can use frame technology made of wood or SIP panels.
2. 2. Financial capabilities. The materials differ not only in their technical characteristics, but also in price. Brick and stone are expensive materials that require large financial investments. Houses made of cellular concrete are cheaper.
3. 3. Weight of the building with the planned load. Brick and stone houses require a solid foundation, which increases the cost of construction. For walls made of aerated concrete and foam concrete, a non-deep strip foundation is sufficient. The weight of the structure is affected by the roofing material.
4. 4. Convenience and speed of construction. Brick walls require more careful masonry. Walls made of gas and foam concrete blocks are quickly erected due to their lightness and large size. Houses made of timber, thanks to the tongue-and-groove technology, are also quickly built. When building from logs, you need to know the construction technology so that the house turns out reliable and warm. Building such a house takes a lot of time. The record holder for the speed of construction is monolithic construction, when formwork of the required height is assembled for the walls and concrete is poured.
5. 5. In terms of environmental indicators, a wooden house takes the lead. It is built from profiled or rounded timber. Treated with protective chemicals against rot, mold, mildew and pests, the house will last for many years. But this is an expensive type of construction. A frame house will be cheap, but it will have a short service life.

Stage of establishing a solid foundation

The construction of a house begins with the breakdown of the site and ground work. When creating a site plan, the location of the house, septic tank, outbuildings, and well is indicated. The backyard area should be divided into zones: residential, recreation, garden. On the plan you need to mark where the flower beds will be located, where the paths will be, and where the parking lot will be located.

The area is cleared of bushes and stumps. Frees up space for storing building materials. It is advisable to store building materials under a shelter. Earthworks include installing a septic tank, wells, digging a pit or trenches for the foundation, laying a drainage and cleaning system, and underground communications.

The area for the foundation is leveled. Usually the fruiting layer is cut off and scattered on the beds. The type of foundation is selected taking into account the properties of the soil, the depth of groundwater, the presence of a basement, and the total possible weight of the structure with the maximum possible load.

For a small one-story house on hard soil, a columnar or strip foundation would be most optimal. If the soils are floating, then a slab monolithic foundation should be used. It turns out to be expensive in cost, but it makes it possible to save on construction as a whole, since it can serve as a floor for the first floor. The heavier the building, the stronger the foundation should be. If the load is incorrectly calculated, cracks may appear on the walls, which will lead to the destruction of the building.

Depending on the type of foundation chosen, either trenches or a foundation pit are dug. The foundation should be poured immediately after completion of excavation work, so that the earth does not crumble from the walls. At the bottom there is a cushion about 20 cm thick made of sand, crushed stone or gravel; it is well compacted. Then wooden formwork is installed in the trench and concrete is poured. To increase strength, reinforcement can be inserted into the structure. The foundation must stand, the concrete gains strength within one to two months. The ideal option is if the foundation stands without load for a year.

What will make a home reliable and beautiful?

Once the foundation is in place, you can begin building the walls. Waterproofing is installed between the walls and the foundation to prevent moisture penetration. To make living comfortable, the walls must be durable, warm and breathable. If necessary, during the construction of walls, sound, steam and heat insulation is performed. This work is usually carried out on the outside of the building in order to preserve usable space inside the premises. Interior partitions and ceilings are installed simultaneously with the walls.

The construction of walls follows. First, the rafter system is installed. Then heat, hydro and vapor barrier is performed. Roofing material is laid on top of the sheathing. The roof not only protects from bad weather and mechanical damage, but also decorates the house, and this depends on the chosen material. The roof can be made of soft roofing materials, slate, ondulin, metal tiles, natural tiles. The choice depends on the budget and foundation. A heavy clay tile roof must be supported by a foundation.

When the frame of the house is ready, windows and doors are inserted, and then finishing work is carried out on the facade and interior. The choice of finishing materials depends on the owner’s tastes and financial capabilities. It is best to use natural materials for finishing, but they are expensive. Currently, many finishing materials have appeared that are analogues of natural ones, but at the same time environmentally friendly and cheaper. Finishing work includes: ceiling installation, wall finishing, floor installation and installation of flooring.

Along with the finishing work, communications are carried out and connected, and the necessary equipment is installed. The operation of all systems is checked. Upon completion of all work, furniture is installed and interior improvement of the house is carried out.

The final stage of any construction is commissioning. To do this, you should contact the relevant authorities, which will create a commission of representatives of regulatory authorities. To accept completed construction into operation. After signing the deed, a certificate of ownership is issued.

If your budget allows and you have knowledge regarding the main stages of building a house, you can start building a house. There are steps that you can do yourself. Some can only be done by specialists, so it would be better to hire professionals. Phased construction makes it possible to build a house at the lowest cost.

When purchasing land for individual housing construction, the main question arises about where to get permission to build a private house on your site. Some people believe that purchasing a plot in itself is enough to start building their future home.

Is it so? Is it generally necessary to obtain a permit to build a house and, if so, in what situations? You will learn about this, as well as familiarize yourself with the list of documents that are required for the construction of a private house on your own site, in particular to obtain permission and where to actually obtain it, from this article.

Under what circumstances is a permit required to build a private house?

Permission to build a house on your own plot is a document that grants the right to build a private house on a plot of land.

It is mandatory to obtain permission if your future construction will be located on land plots of the following categories:

• Individual housing construction - individual housing construction
• MZhS - low-rise housing construction
• Private subsidiary plot - personal subsidiary plot

If the land on which you plan to build your future permanent residence falls into one of the above categories, then obtaining permission is mandatory. Without it, your building will be considered illegal and may be subject to demolition. And also, subsequently you will not be able to register ownership of the constructed residential building.

If you plan to build a house on the territory of SNT, i.e. on lands for gardening and summer cottage farming, there is no obligation to obtain permission.

Another circumstance in which you should think about drawing up the above document may be:

• obtaining a loan from a bank to build your home

Not always and not every bank requires this document when applying for a loan, however, such a possibility exists. If this is your case and you plan to use borrowed funds to build your home, it is worth obtaining a building permit in advance.

To obtain a permit, you need to take into account a number of requirements for the future structure:

• the future building, which is also your future family nest, should be intended for housing only 1 family
• the structure must be three or less stories high, but the basement will not be taken into account
• When building a house, you should take into account the restrictions and encumbrances that may be indicated in your certificate of ownership of the land.

The good news is that if your house will have three or fewer floors, then you only need to obtain a building permit and you can begin building the house.

The bad news is that if you plan to build a house higher than three floors, then you will need an additional state expert opinion.

Where can I get permission to build a private house?

Issues related to the construction of country houses and, as a consequence, obtaining permission for their construction are regulated by Federal Law No. 190-FZ of December 29, 2004, also known as the “Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation.” Accordingly, all the answers to the questions: who, where, when and why are given by him.

According to the above-mentioned document, the issuance of permission to build a house on one’s own plot is carried out by local government bodies on issues of urban planning activities of the area in which the given land plot for the planned construction is located.

You should submit an application for a permit in person or through a legal representative to the Administration of the district in which your individual housing construction site is located. In large cities, this can be done through multifunctional centers providing state and municipal services (MFC), as well as online through the State Services portal (gosuslugi.ru). In small towns and regions, you will need to contact the local Administration directly.

Documents required for obtaining permission to build a house on an individual housing construction site

• statement;
• a document that can confirm your right to own this land;

• cadastral passport for land;

• urban planning plan for a plot of land (issued free of charge by local authorities - the Administration of the city or district in which the plot of land is located, based on an application from the owner);

• a house project drawn up taking into account the rules of development, such as the maximum permissible dimensions of the plot and the parameters of the future building, its maximum number of floors and height, norms for the proximity of boundaries to neighbors, etc. (provided upon request, in any form);
• topographic survey of the site (only for the Moscow region);
• a positive conclusion from the state examination of the design documentation for the structure being built (only for private cottages - houses with a height exceeding 3 residential floors);
• passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation;
• power of attorney certified by a notary (if the application is made through a legal representative).

Usually all documents (except for a notarized power of attorney) are provided in the form of copies in the amount of 1 piece. each document. You must also have original documents with you for verification.

It should be noted that obtaining a building permit is only required when constructing a residential building. When constructing non-residential buildings, such as a garage, shed, shed and other premises for utility purposes, a building permit is not required.

How much does a permit to build a private house cost?

Permission to build a private house is issued free of charge.

However, if you decide that the process of obtaining a permit is too complicated for you and contact a specialized company that will submit the necessary package of documents to the administrative authorities for you, then this can cost you up to 50 thousand rubles and last 2-3 months. So don’t give in to panic and fears that we have bureaucracy everywhere and do it yourself. It's not as difficult as it might seem at first glance.

Date of issue and validity period of a building permit

Permits to build a house on your own site are issued 10 working days from the date of submission of the application.

Typically a permit is issued for a period of 10 years. The validity period will be indicated in the issued permit.

In addition, from March 1, 2015, it is necessary to obtain permission to put the facility into operation after the completion of construction of the house.

Video about how to obtain permission to build a house on your own site

Any construction starts from the ground. Therefore, first of all, it is necessary to understand how the land plot is allowed to be used. The possibility of construction depends on certain characteristics of the site: category of land and type of permitted use. They can be found out from the cadastral passport (plan, extract) of the land plot.

Difficulties may arise with the construction of a house on a site that does not belong to “land of settlements”. If this is “agricultural land”, you can transfer the plot to the desired category. If we are talking about lands of specially protected areas, defense, communications and others, a construction permit may not be issued, and the transfer of such lands to another category is impossible.

Problems may also arise with the purpose (type of permitted use of the site). The law allows the construction of a residential building on a summer cottage or plot intended for personal farming (if it is located within the boundaries of a populated area), but prohibits doing this on a garden plot.

If the site is intended “for individual housing construction” or “for the maintenance and operation of a residential building,” the task is simplified.

The need to obtain a building permit

The first step in the process of building a country house is obtaining a building permit. The legal basis in this matter is Article 51 of the Town Planning Code. A construction permit is a document that certifies the compliance of project documentation with the requirements of the urban planning plan of the land plot and gives the developer the right to carry out construction.

Before applying for a building permit, you need to understand whether this is required in your case.

Currently, Federal Law No. 93-FZ of June 30, 2006, as amended by Federal Law No. 174-FZ of July 17, 2009, on the “dacha amnesty” is in force. Its meaning is that in order to register ownership of an individual residential building or an object created on a land plot located within the boundaries of a settlement and intended for personal farming, permission to put the object into operation is not required. In order to obtain permission to put a facility into operation, it is necessary to provide, among other things, a construction permit.

In accordance with the “dacha amnesty”, for state registration of property rights it is necessary to provide documents confirming the fact of the creation of such a real estate object and containing its description. Until March 1, 2015, the cadastral passport of an individual residential building is the only document confirming the fact of the creation of such an object and containing its description. Thus, if the construction is planned to be completed and documents are submitted for state registration of property rights before March 1, 2015, then the building can be registered without a building permit.

It must also be remembered that the above is true if there are no plans to make transactions with an unfinished house, otherwise a building permit will be required to register an unfinished construction project. When considering the need to obtain a Permit, regardless of the registration of a completed construction project, it should be noted that the construction permit itself, as a document giving the developer the right to carry out the construction and reconstruction of capital construction projects, is necessary. The law provides for administrative liability for carrying out construction work without a permit.

General list of documents

Part 7 art. 51 of the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation regulates the list of documents required to obtain permission to construct a capital construction project.

In general, these are the following documents:

1. Statement;
2. Title documents for the land plot;
3. Urban planning plan of the land plot;
4. Materials contained in the project documentation:
   1. Explanatory note;
   2. A diagram of the planning organization of the land plot, made in accordance with the urban planning plan of the land plot, indicating the location of the capital construction object, entrances and passages to it, the boundaries of public easement zones, archaeological heritage sites;
   3. A diagram of the planning organization of the land plot, confirming the location of the linear object within the red lines approved as part of the territory planning documentation in relation to linear objects;
   4. Diagrams showing architectural solutions;
   5. Information about engineering equipment, a consolidated plan of engineering support networks indicating the places of connection of the designed capital construction facility to the engineering support networks;
   6. Project for organizing the construction of a capital construction project;
   7. Project for organizing work on the demolition or dismantling of capital construction projects and their parts;
5. Positive conclusion of the state examination of project documentation (in relation to the design documentation of objects provided for in Article 49 of the Town Planning Code), positive conclusion of the state environmental examination of project documentation in cases provided for in Part 6 of Article 49 of the Town Planning Code;
6. Permission to deviate from the maximum parameters of permitted construction, reconstruction (if the developer was granted such permission in accordance with Article 40 of the Town Planning Code);
7. Consent of all rights holders of a capital construction project in the event of reconstruction of such a facility.

List of documents for a private developer

A private developer (that is, someone who intends to build a residential building intended for single-family residence, no more than three floors in height) needs only three documents to obtain permission:

1. Title document for the plot (registration certificate, resolution on the allocation of the plot or other document);
2. Urban planning plan of the site;
3. Planning organization diagram.

The planning organization diagram is a conventional diagram of the location of the future house on the site. The urban planning plan must be obtained from the local administration. As a rule, they are given a long list of what the developer needs to collect and bring to draw up such a plan: technical specifications for electricity, gas, water and sewerage, a fresh topographical survey of the site, a certificate from the local authority for the protection of cultural heritage, some even require a house design . According to the requirements of regulatory documents, the developer is not required to collect any of this. He only needs to write an application for the issuance of a town planning plan; all other documents will be collected by the local administration itself. This was pointed out by the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation.

It must be remembered that the Permit is not tied to a specific person, but is valid for the site as a whole, with the exception of certain cases. If a house is being built intended for the residence of more than one family (apartment or semi-detached - the so-called “townhouse”), such a “simplified” procedure for obtaining permission does not apply to it, the developer must prepare all the documents listed in Part 7 of Art. 51 of the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation.

According to Part 17 of Art. 51 of the Town Planning Code, the issuance of a building permit is not required in the following cases:

1. Construction of a garage on a land plot provided to an individual for purposes not related to business activities, or construction on a land plot provided for gardening or summer cottage farming;
2. Construction, reconstruction of objects that are not capital construction objects (kiosks, sheds and others);
3. Construction of buildings and structures for auxiliary use on the land plot;
4. Changes to capital construction projects and (or) their parts, if such changes do not affect the structural and other characteristics of their reliability and safety and do not exceed the maximum parameters of permitted construction and reconstruction established by town planning regulations.

The authority authorized to issue construction permits checks, firstly, the presence of all necessary documents attached to the application; secondly, the compliance of the planning organization scheme of the land plot with the designation of the location of the individual residential building with the requirements of the urban planning plan of the land plot.

If all documents are available and no discrepancies are identified within ten days from the date of receipt of the application for a construction permit, such a permit must be issued to the applicant. Otherwise, a reasoned refusal to issue such a permit must be issued. The reasons for refusal to issue a building permit may be either the submission of an incomplete package of documents, or the non-compliance of the submitted documents with the requirements of the urban planning plan of the land plot.

Refusal to issue a building permit can be appealed in court.

In accordance with the Town Planning Code, the issuance of a building permit is free of charge. A permit to build an individual residential building is issued for ten years.