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Julia Pastrana (1834-1860) - Mexican. Born in western Mexico in a remote mountain village. She suffered from hypertrichosis from birth. This is increased hairiness of those parts of the body for which hair is not characteristic. Julia's whole body, as well as her face, was covered with coarse black hair. Hair did not grow only on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet. The nose, ears and teeth were disproportionately large. All this gave a resemblance to a large monkey. In addition to this, the Mexican was only 140 cm tall, and the nickname of the monkey woman was firmly entrenched behind her.
Charles Darwin described this woman like this: “The Spanish dancer Julia Pastrana struck me with her perfect dance. But she has a thick male beard and a hairy forehead. The teeth of this incredibly ugly, but charming woman are also of interest. Double rows of teeth grow on the upper and lower jaws. And one row is placed in another.
Darwin did not yet know, and in our time such a defect in the mouth is called gingival hyperplasia. With it, there is not only a defect in the teeth, but also a significant thickening of the gums and lips. This gives a great resemblance to a monkey.
It should be noted that the girl was born in an Indian tribe. That is, she was of Indian origin. But very little is known about her childhood and youth. It is believed that until 1854 she worked as a maid in a wealthy Mexican family. Then an American with the surname Wrights saw her. He persuaded the girl to go to the States and earn big money there by participating in freak shows. Already in New York, the ugly woman was bought by Theodore Post, who specializes in such shows.
According to another version, Theodor Post bought the girl back at the age of 10 right from her mother. He taught her to sing, dance, and speak, read and write in 3 languages. After that, the girl went on a world tour under the name of the Bearded Lady.
Julia Pastrana's earnings were extremely high. Therefore, Post set out to marry his ward to a wealthy gentleman. But then, for some reason, Theodore decided to marry her himself. The wedding took place in 1857. And in 1859, a married couple came to perform in Russia.
However, it was soon discovered that the woman was pregnant. In 1860 she gave birth to a boy in Moscow. His body, like his mother's, was completely covered with hair. The baby lived only 3 days and died. Julia herself fell ill with puerperal fever and died 2 days after the death of her son.
Theodore Post was in all likelihood an extremely practical man, as he decided to make money from his wife and child even after their death. He found mummification specialists in Moscow and mummified the dead. The mummies were placed in a special closet, and the heartbroken husband and father began to show them to everyone for money.
Having earned a decent amount on this, the enterprising American sold the mummies to the Museum of Curiosities, which traveled around the world. In 1880, Theodore Post was admitted to a psychiatric clinic, and his further fate unknown.
Demonstration of the mummy of Julia Pastrana
As for the mummies, they passed from hand to hand until they settled in Norway. They were acquired in 1920 by a certain Lund. In his house, he organized a room of horrors, in which he showed guests a variety of freaks created by nature.
In 1943, the fascist regime decided to seize the mummies from Lund and put them on public display, and transfer the proceeds to government needs. Then the regime changed, but the withered bodies of Julia and her child continued to be shown to the audience.
In the mid-70s they were placed in a closed storage. Here they are pretty spoiled by mice. They generally ate the mummy of the child, and the mummy of the mother disappeared in 1979. But the police found her and handed her over to forensic doctors in Oslo. They sealed the mummy in a box and kept it in this state until 2012.
In April of that year, the remains of a poor woman were handed over to the Mexican authorities, and Julia Pastrana, who died in a foreign land, finally returned to her homeland.
Image of Julia Pastrana and the white coffin in which her remains were buried
A solemn funeral was held in the Mexican state of Sinaloa. The governor of the state himself delivered a farewell speech. He said that the unfortunate woman faced aggression, cruelty, human callousness and indifference, but, in the end, justice prevailed.
The remains of the unfortunate woman rested in a white coffin, and around lay a whole mountain of wreaths woven from white roses. A huge crowd of people gathered for the funeral. Most of them were fellow countrymen of the deceased. They all came to pay their respects to the woman, on whose ugliness unscrupulous individuals made money.
Regarding the funeral, one of the largest Mexican newspapers wrote: “On Tuesday, the ugliest woman on the planet finally found peace. Her remains betrayed native land 153 years after his death. A just act was done by the will of God and by the will of honest people."
Egor Laskutnikov
In the 19th century, circus performances were incredibly popular, in which people with all kinds of features of appearance performed. Some were naturally fused twins, others had extra limbs, and still others resembled animals. It was to the latter that Julia Pastrana belonged. She was called "Bear Woman" or "Lady Monkey". And all because the woman had an incredibly thick hairline on her face and body.
Julia Pastrana - woman with thick hair
Julia Pastrana was born in 1834 in Mexico. She had a rare hereditary disease - hypertrichosis, that is, Julia's entire body from head to toe was covered with thick coarse hair. In addition to this, the girl had an unusually large nose, ears and teeth, which resembled a gorilla.
When Julia Pastrana was about 20 years old, she crossed the border between Mexico and the United States, where she was noticed by a certain M. Rights. He offered the girl to work in a popular freak show, and she agreed. Despite her terrible appearance, Julia Pastrana was very friendly, sang and danced well.
Julia Pastrana - circus performer of the second half of the 19th century.
After some time, she got another entrepreneur, and then Julia got to Theodor Lent, who later became her husband. They went on a tour of Europe, where in addition to performances, an amazing woman was shown to professors and doctors of science. Theodore Lent even made up a story according to which Julia's mother allegedly went to the mountains, where she mated with monkeys. And from this a baby appeared, all covered with hair.
Julia Pastrana stamp
In 1860, at the age of 26, Julia Pastrana became pregnant. When the time came for childbirth, she was on tour in Moscow. The baby was born with the same thick hairline as the mother. He lived only 35 hours. Julia herself died five days later due to postpartum complications.
Instead of burying his wife and child, Theodor Lent turned to a professor at Moscow University with a request to mummify the dead. Even in the death of Julia, he saw his own benefit: he placed the embalmed remains in a glass coffin and began to carry around Europe, exposing them to the public.
The body of Julia Pastrana and her newborn baby
Two years after Julia's death, Theodore Lent found another woman with the same hairy face, married her, named her Serona Pastrana and began to introduce her to the public as Julia Pastrana's sister.
After Theodore Lent's death in 1884 in a Russian psychiatric hospital, the trace of the mummies was lost. In 1921, they appeared in the Norwegian Museum, but at the insistence of the public, the sarcophagi were sealed and sent to the archive, where they stayed until 1970. Then the mummies were sent to an exhibition in the United States. There, vandals mutilated the body of a newborn, and his remains were eaten by mice.
Mummy of Julia Pastrana
The body of Julia Pastrana found peace only in 2013, when the University of Oslo, where the sarcophagus was located, agreed to give the mummies to the Mexicans. The body was buried 150 years after death.
She was born in an Indian tribe, was sold to a circus as a child, became famous throughout the world as the ugliest woman, traveled a lot, had wild success among men, died at the age of 26 in cold Moscow and was buried in her native Mexico after 153 years ...
With her example, the monkey woman Julia Pastrana proved that beautiful appearance is not the main thing. For most of her life, Julia was not considered a representative human race. But at the same time she was kind, made a good career and earned a lot of money. In general, her life is full of secrets and mysteries. When she began performing on Broadway, the reaction to her was usually very violent: the people in the audience were apparently horrified that she looked like a monster, but at the same time danced gracefully and sang like an angel.
When you look at her photograph, you understand how cruelly fate treated this girl, giving her absolutely nothing attractive and collecting all the flaws: tiny height (only 140 cm), rough and completely devoid of charm of facial features, crooked teeth, and most importantly - terrible hairiness all over the body.
Charles Darwin described this woman as follows: “The Spanish dancer Julia Pastrana amazed me with her perfect dance. But she has a thick man's beard and a hairy forehead. Also of interest are the teeth of this incredibly ugly but charming woman. Double rows of teeth grow on the upper and lower jaws. And one row is placed in another.
It should be noted that the girl was born in an Indian tribe. That is, she was of Indian origin. But very little is known about her childhood and youth. It is believed that until 1854 she worked as a maid in a wealthy Mexican family. Then an American with the surname Wrights saw her. He persuaded the girl to go to the States and earn big money there by participating in freak shows. Already in New York, the ugly woman was bought by Theodore Post, who specializes in such shows.
According to another version, Theodore Post bought the girl back at the age of 10 right from her mother. He taught her to sing, dance, and speak, read and write in three languages. After that, the girl went on a world tour under the name of the Bearded Lady.
In those days, a woman was able to make good money on her ugly appearance. Crowds of people came to see the live exhibit. In addition to her exotic appearance, the girl was very plastic and danced well.
Her first performance took place in New York, in the Gothic Hall. The success was resounding! Soon Julia toured many cities, collecting halls and getting richer day by day. According to the surviving articles in the newspapers of those years, Julia was so popular that her appearance did not repel young people, they curled around the girl, trying, if not to achieve her favor, then at least to dance with her. According to numerous memoirs of contemporaries, Julia was kind-hearted, always cheerful, sweet, intelligent.
The fame of Julia reached Europe, where she went on tour in the late fifties. The tour did not interfere with Julia's personal life. It may seem that the men wanted to get her attention in order to get a person who other men do not have and who can boast in front of friends. Julia repeatedly made marriage proposals, but she refused all applicants. The reason is their insufficiently filled pockets with money. The girl earned well and did not want gigolos to “stick” to her, ready to endure her hairy face for the sake of money.
As a result, Julia's husband was her then entrepreneur Theodore Lent. According to him, he did not love his bride, but only wanted all the money they earned (and there were a lot of them) not to go to the side, to someone else. The marriage took place in 1857.
In 1859, a married couple came to perform in Russia. This is how her performance was announced in an advertisement distributed at Moscow fairs: “And here is the Brazilian monkey Julia Pastrana! A tricky German put him in a cage and for money he seems to tell a story about her! And his monster in a crinoline skirt!” Such a farce billboard-lubok was designed for the common public. For gentlemen, the tone of the messages was different: “In the Hermitage Garden there is a great entertainment and musical evening, in which the famous phenomenon Miss Julia Pastrana will have the honor to appear before the Moscow public. The entrance fee is 1 ruble 50 kopecks in silver. Children pay half.
In Moscow, as elsewhere in the world, Julia was a resounding success. Fyodor Tyutchev, in a letter to his wife, was indignant at the decline in morals: wow, rich Moscow gentlemen paid this monkey woman 200 rubles just to have lunch with them, and then walk around the park hand in hand. (For understanding: in those years, a ticket to the exhibition of the Wanderers cost 30 kopecks, and for 400 rubles Tretyakov just bought the first painting for the future gallery.)
But fame and happiness did not last long. In 1860, in Moscow, Julia Pastrana gave birth to a child, the same as herself. The kid was less fortunate, and he was able to live only three incomplete days. Yes, and Julia herself did not endure a difficult birth and died five days later. She was only 26 years old.
It would seem that with the death of Julia, her shows and world shows ended. However, there were people who felt that after the death of Pastrana should be shown to people. Hulia's husband found Professor Sukolov in Moscow, who made mummies from Julia and her child. The embalmed bodies were placed in a glass box, and the exhibitions continued. True, soon Sukolov decided to take the mummy to the anatomical museum, but Julia's husband opposed this.
In 1862, upon presentation of the proper documents of legal marriage, Lent won the court. But the authorities forbade him from participating in scientific exhibitions: don't be fooled, boy, they still understand that you have an ordinary commercial enterprise. A little later, Lent married again, and again to a bearded woman, whom he passed off as Julia's sister (although, judging by the photo, she was an ordinary European). After that, they began to travel around the cities and towns - Lent, his current bearded wife, the bodies of the former bearded wife and their common baby, also bearded.
But, apparently, here is the case when the greed of the fraer ruined. In 1880, in St. Petersburg, Lent got into mental asylum where he soon died. The property passed to the second wife. She took the mummies to Germany, tried to exhibit, but her business did not go. In order not to suffer anymore, the woman simply sold the exhibits to the person from whom she rented the hall.
For several decades, mummies were forgotten, they reappeared in 1921, in the “Horror Room” of the Norwegian Mr. Lund. There they were exhibited until 1970, when unrest began in Norway. As a result, in the summer of 1976, angry thugs broke into the warehouse of the "Room of Horrors" and mutilated the mummy of the child, and the mummy of Julia was stolen. Where she was for the next decades is unknown, but in 1990 she was discovered in Oslo, at the Institute of Forensic Medicine. Talk began that it was time to stop exposing a woman like an animal for public viewing, but it was necessary to bury her humanly.
Eventually the coffin containing Julia's remains was handed over to the Mexican ambassador to Denmark during a ceremony at Oslo University Hospital and then sent to Mexico. After a Roman Catholic mass in the church of Leiva, the “monkey woman” was buried in the local cemetery to the sounds of national music. Julia Pastrana, who died in 1860, was buried only on February 12, 2013 (153 years later). Although she herself was not a beauty, her last abode was very beautiful: Julia was placed in a snow-white coffin, decorated with delicate white roses and lilies.
Julia or Julia Pastrana ( Julia Pastrana, Mexico - March 25, ) - with congenital, exhibited at many traveling exhibitions in.
Biography
Julia Pastrana belonged to the indigenous people - the Indians, was presumably born in, somewhere in the mountain forests (state), away from populated areas. She suffered, that is, her face and body, except for the palms and soles, were completely covered with straight black hard dense hair. Her ears and nose were unusually large, and her teeth were uneven, making her look like a gorilla. Her height was very small - only 138 centimeters.
A description of her appearance and character was left, in particular, by mentioning that, despite her ugliness, Pastrana danced wonderfully and was kind and friendly. She learned to read and write in Spanish and English, as well as cook and sew.
The real story of Julia Pastrana is unknown. In the pamphlets of the 19th century that accompanied her performances, she is described approximately as follows. An Indian girl named Espinosa was separated from her tribe in 1830: her fellow tribesmen thought she drowned. Espinosa later, when she was found, said that she was captured and imprisoned in a cave by a group of hostile Indians in an area full of predatory animals, although this fact has never been confirmed. Espinosa was accompanied by a girl around the age of four, and Espinosa claimed that this was not her daughter, that she found the girl in the forest (how she got there is unknown) and became attached to her. Espinosa later married and had the child baptized as Julia Pastrana. Then Espinosa died and Julia moved to a nearby village. In the end, the girl became a servant in the family of the governor of the state of Sinaloa, Pedro Sanchez, where she worked for many years, but in April 1854 she chose to return to her native places.
On the way home, she met the American M. Rights, who immediately saw an opportunity to earn money in her unusual appearance, and in the same year, Julia, who agreed to his proposal, went to. Her first appearance as a freak show exhibit was at New York's Gothic Hall. Then she ended up in Cleveland, but with another manager (and most likely the owner) named Beach. There she took part in ceremonial balls and military parades, and supposedly the soldiers lined up to dance with her. Then she went to, to the UK, with another manager - Theodore Lent (also known as Lewis B. Lent), who bought her from the previous owner. Before arriving in London, she was described as "indescribable" in newspaper advertisements.
Lent taught her how to dance, play musical instruments, and took her on a world tour called Bearded and Hairy Ladies. It was demonstrated in, including in 1860 - in. She is mentioned in the first volume of the novel "", the story "Polikushka", the story "At the "French Exhibition for a Hundred Years", the vaudeville "The Bridegroom from the Debt Department" by I.E. Chernyshev, as well as in numerous memoir texts. wrote to his wife that the count, having paid 200 rubles, brought Julia to his estate, where she was forced to walk arm in arm with gentlemen from high society in the evening. testified that even at the turn of the century, Pastrana was still mentioned in the cries of showmen. At the beginning of the 20th century, a postcard was circulating in Russia depicting a mustachioed and bearded woman.
Theatre
Personal life
By this time, Julia, who had already become famous, received many proposals for marriage. However, they were all rejected, since all applicants, according to Julia, were not rich enough. It is believed that she gave refusals under the influence of Theodore, who wanted to marry her to the richest man possible, whom he tried to find. However, by this time, Julia herself had earned a lot of money from performances, and Theodore himself decided to marry her in 1857.
The mummies soon disappeared from public view. They appeared in 1921 with a certain Mr. Lund, who demonstrated them in his “Room of Horrors”. In 1943, during the army, the Nazis decided to destroy the Lund collection, but he managed to convince them that the demonstration of the “monkey woman” could bring good money to the Reich treasury, and as a result, the mummies of Julia and her son were shown publicly in occupied Norway.
The mummies were on display until the 1970s, when numerous protests began against the government over the proposed mummies tour, and they were taken out of public view. Vandals broke into the vault in August 1976 and mutilated the child's mummy. Her remains were eaten by mice. Julia's mummy was stolen in 1979 but has been kept in storage ever since the body was discovered by the police but not identified. It was discovered in 1990 and has been in a sealed coffin at the Department of Anatomy at the University of Oslo since 1997. In 1994, he recommended burying her, but decided to keep the body so that scientists could conduct research on it. To gain access to the remains of Julia Pastrana, a special permit was required, usually issued only to scientists.
In April 2012, he agreed to return the body to Mexico. She was studied at the Royal College of Surgeons in. Julia Pastrana was buried in Mexico 150 years after her death. The ceremony took place on February 12, 2013 in the city. Pastrana's mummified body was buried in a white coffin adorned with white roses.
Literature
- Averchenko A. T. Razor in jelly. - M., 1990. - 466 p.
- Gylseth, Christopher Hals; Lars O. Toverud, (2003). Julia Pastrana: The Tragic Story of the Victorian Ape Woman. Suton. . OCLC 52829869.
- Miles, A.E.W. (febrero 1974). "Julia Pastrana: The Bearded Lady" (PDF). Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine 67(2): pp. 160-164. PMID 4595237. PMC 1645262.
- Bondeson, Jane. "Gabinete de Curiosidades Medicas". Primera Edición en Español 1998. (Excerpts available on Google Books)
- Carol Birch "Orphans of the Carnival" - 2016, 352 pages
Mexican Julia Pastrana was found as a baby in 1834 in the forests of the Sierra Madre. Despite her normal build, she had an orangutan-like face, complete with a full black beard. She had tremendous success performing in the circus. And they say that 20 marriage proposals were made to her. She died at the age of 26 in childbirth.
In the middle of the 19th century, the famous American showman Taylor Barnum came up with the idea to make a profit by showing freaks in circuses. The first exhibit was a Negro slave, whom he demonstrated as the 161-year-old nanny of George Washington himself. Then followed the midgets, Siamese twins and other outlandish creatures - the mistakes of nature. Museums of “curious rarities” (panopticons) also began to form, in which phenomena were exhibited, for the inspection of which the inhabitants laid out a lot of money. Entrepreneurial businessmen bought their ugly children from parents, or invited adult "phenomena" to work in the "freak" show.
But, perhaps, the monster woman from Mexico, Julia Pastrana, achieved the greatest success with the public. As a child, peasants discovered her in the forests of one of the Cordillera ranges, far from populated areas. It was completely unclear how she got there. But when the girl grew up, her adoptive parents sold her to the panopticon owner, who began to demonstrate this miracle for money. Many noted that there was something inhuman in the appearance of the girl, and her face resembled an orangutan. She amazed and horrified many. It seemed that the girl, according to an eyewitness, "can easily bite her ear."
Here is how a contemporary described her: “Her hands are beautiful, her legs are slender, but her face was striking! Her ears are huge, her eyes are black, quick and long and narrow in outline. The forehead is low and flattened, the nose is wide and completely without cartilage, the hair on the head, beard and sideburns is jet black, and in general, the whole face is covered with them. Here is another description: “Her cheeks and chin are covered with thick hair. The mustache is quite rare. There are dark patches of hair on the ears. The back of the head, chest, arms are also covered with hair.
However, Julia was not mentally retarded and could keep up conversations on any topic well, she knew two languages. She quickly mastered the art of the circus. However, she did not have to try hard to evoke emotions in onlookers. The room was simple. Pastrana walked around the barrier of the circus arena several times, smiling seductively at the audience, talking to them and blowing kisses to the gallery. Subsequently, she learned several songs and even danced. However, her singing frightened the audience with strange throat sounds.
After a successful tour in Germany and England, in 1858 Pastrana arrived in Moscow. The following announcement was published in the newspaper Vedomosti of the Moscow City Police: “In the Hermitage Garden on Thursday, July 3, a great entertainment and musical evening, in which the famous phenomenon Miss Yulia Pastrana, who arrived in this capital, for the first time, will have the honor to appear before Moscow public. Entrance fee is 1 ruble 50 kopecks in silver per person. Children pay half.
Perhaps the most grandiose success awaited her in Russia. During July, Pastrana gave eight performances. The owner of the circus, Shlezak, almost cried with annoyance, because his booth could not accommodate everyone. More than 200 people each time returned home, as they say, not salty slurping, due to the inability to purchase a ticket.
Julia constantly changed her costumes - she appeared on the stage either in the tunic of the Greek goddess, or in the suit of an American sailor. She danced Spanish dances, sang. All of Moscow discussed her tour. Later, even the book "Surprised Moscow in the rumors and anecdotes about the famous Miss Yulia Pastrana" was published.
However, some humanists wrote indignant articles, because they believed that "... the victim of the whim of nature has become a toy of greedy greedy people." The author of one of the articles admitted that he looked at the performance with a heavy feeling and asked the reader: “Why lead this woman through the crowd like a learned beast?” However, unhealthy curiosity prevailed over philanthropy, and the excitement around Pastrana continued.
They even began to gossip about her and it was impossible to understand where the truth ends and lies begin. Someone Askochensky, Moscow’s famous gossip of that time, at first ridiculed her performance, then made unambiguous hints: “the wild singer, having done the usual curtsy, howled some kind of Spanish romance, I say howled, because in her voice there are notes that strongly resemble a howl jackal." Further, he reported on ... matchmaking to her, and how Pastrana "dexterously answered the seekers of her hand ..."
Gossip even talked about the number of admirers - there were allegedly 20 of them, and they named the name of one - 53-year-old fat Englishman Roger Bark. This "groom" weighed 240 kilograms and had a huge belly! But either he was not to Julia's liking, or the girl was a picky bride, but the wedding did not take place.
However, Pastrana still had some secret lover, from whom she gave birth to a boy in Germany. The birth was very difficult, it took a caesarean section, and Julia died from blood loss. Her baby also died and, as the doctors say, looked like a mother (all covered with hair).
But Pastrana's body was not left alone even after death. The owner of the panopticon, Gasner, embalmed her and put her in his "museum" - under a glass cover. Her body was shown in the Passage of St. Petersburg.
As the actor Vasily Dalmatov recalled, “she was dressed and combed in exactly the same way as during her performances. At her feet lay an official paper, certifying that there was no deception here and that the exhibit was genuine. The big black eyes of the embalmed wonder woman looked at the visitors of the panopticon affectionately, as if alive. And there was sadness and reproach in them ... ".
