Essay on the topic “memory of the war.” Is it necessary to remember the war? Why is it important to preserve the memory of the war?

I. Ilyinsky

WHY REMEMBER THE WAR?

(speech at a rally of students and staff
Moscow Humanitarian University
May 7, 2009, dedicated to the 64th anniversary
Victory in the Great Patriotic War)

Dear veterans, students and university staff!

On May 9, 2005, we solemnly opened the Memorial to the Participants of the Great Patriotic War at our university: 188 names of 110 soldiers, sergeants and foremen, 78 officers and 3 generals are carved on this granite slab. For all of them there are 300 military orders and 2000 medals, two Gold Stars of the Hero of the Soviet Union.

We built this Memorial so that on Victory Day, those who work and study, will work and study, gather around it year after year; so that this happens annually and indefinitely.

A few days ago I asked one of our students: “Will you come to the rally?” “Oh, I don’t know,” she said. “Spring, good mood, love... Why remember the war?..” And she flew away - young and beautiful.

This is what I want to say today, addressing first of all the young people: why remember the war?

When veterans gather, it’s clear: “the soldiers remember the days gone by and the battles where they fought together.” But why should young people do this? And will they continue this tradition when the veterans pass away?

Not easy questions! Memory is a very fragile matter!

Look what is happening in the post-Soviet space: in Estonia and Latvia they honor fascists, in Ukraine - Bendera and SS men, in Uzbekistan - May 9 is not Victory Day, but the Day of Remembrance and Honor, in Turkmenistan eight years ago Victory Day was canceled, in Moldova on May 9 May was designated Europe Day, NATO is being celebrated in Georgia...

But what can we say about the former Soviet republics! In Russia itself, one can encounter, let’s say, a “strange” attitude towards Victory Day.

Just three days ago, my close friend called me - just like that. We chatted about this and that. He asked how I would celebrate May 9th. I told about our upcoming rally. And suddenly I heard: “Still, this is a rather strange thing - to hold a rally about an event that is almost seventy... Two generations have changed! Imagine being invited to a rally dedicated to the War of 1812! Also, by the way, the Patriotic..." I objected. My friend, an intelligent man, quickly realized that he would not find unanimity, and ended the conversation.

And I, dumbfounded, thought for a long time, how can you think like that? And even a highly educated person?..

But if you think about it, then it’s possible! Why? My friend was born and raised in Bashkiria, where the war did not reach. I didn’t experience what “war” was even to the same extent as I did... None of his family fought. And even my friend’s national feeling is not hurt: he is a Tatar. Yes, the Tatars fought and died, performed heroic deeds, like warriors of other nationalities and peoples of the country. But the Moloch of war did not affect the cities and villages of Tatarstan and - thank God! And also - glory to the Russian people, who took the main blows of the war upon themselves!..

And also... don’t forget that the (Crimean) Tatars helped the Germans capture Sevastopol. That two Kalmyk divisions fought on the side of the Nazis. That some of the peoples of the North Caucasus put on German uniforms and fought against the Red Army. That there was such a traitor - General Vlasov and the Vlasovites. There were defectors, policemen, elders, whose children and grandchildren live among us...

Different fates of people, families, and nations in the past - different attitudes to war, different depths of historical consciousness.

The further we go from 1941 to 1945, the more myths, outright lies and slander appear. Here is a book by the former mayor of Moscow Gavrila Popov “41-45 - one war or three.” Popov is trying to prove that there was not one war, but three. We lost one because we were not ready for it, and Stalin is to blame for this. The second is the Patriotic War, when the whole people rose up. And the third – 1944-45 – “expansion of socialism” in Europe. What the former mayor is guided by in his inventions, for whom, for what he is trying, only he knows. If he knows... But his “idea” to erect monuments to generals Vlasov and Krasnov, moreover, to German soldiers, in my opinion, “pulls” on an article of the criminal code. Treating our Victory in such a rude manner is a crime. Those who lie and slander our Great Victory must be tried and put in prison.

"The most amazing memory property, - said the great Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlovich Pavlov, - forget" Pavlov meant the ability to forget “everything” – both good and bad. It’s paradoxical, but true: a person tends to forget bad things much faster than good things. This is a protective property of the human psyche. If it weren't for him, people would quickly go crazy.

The Russian people have something to forget...

In the second millennium, Rus' spent about 60 percent of its historical time in wars! Wars swept through the Russian land with fire and sword: the Polovtsians and Pechenegs, the almost three-hundred-year Tatar-Mongol yoke, the crusaders, the dog knights, the Poles, the Swedes, the Turks, the Patriotic War of 1812, the First World War, the Civil War; the grueling 45-year cold war of the entire West against the USSR. There are 230 major wars alone, and more than 1000 in total. Devastation after devastation, a sea of ​​blood, an ocean of suffering...

And yet the whole world knows: “Whoever comes to us with a sword will die by the sword.” The victories of Russian weapons are countless. And the most important among them in all of Russian history is the Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. May 9 has been declared a national holiday of the country so that our people remember this day - Victory Day forever.

This war was most scary, most cruel, most destructive and most large-scale in terms of the number of victims in all centuries - 26.6 million people.

This war was the most difficult, truly the Great: not only Germany, but almost all of Europe fought against the Soviet Union. Following Hitler in June 1941, Italy, Romania, Finland, Hungary, Slovakia and Croatia declared war on the USSR. Spain and Bulgaria collaborated closely with Germany. On the German side, formations and units manned by citizens of Spain, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Denmark, Norway, the Czech Republic, Yugoslavia, Albania, Luxembourg, Sweden, and Poland fought. In essence, it was a “Crusade of the entire West against the USSR.”

And yet we defeated many times superior enemy forces. And therefore we also call victory in this Great War Great.

Why did we win? Because this Great, most difficult war was a war sacred. If all previous attacks on Rus' were civilizational character - they set a goal to seize Russian lands, make Russians slaves, impose a different faith and culture, then Hitler went to the very end, setting the goal destroy the Soviet Union, Russia as a state, eradicate Russians as a population, as a nation - physically. Physically!..

When an attempt is made on the life of an entire people and its shrines - history, faith, culture, which the people reverence religiously, the war loses the outline of evil, which it is in principle, and takes on a sublime, sacral meaning - that is, it becomes sacred.

It is no coincidence that in the very first days of the war a powerful song of appeal was written, which was called “ Sacred war,” and began with the words: “Get up, huge country! Get up on mortal fight!..” It just sounded, you heard it. “Life or death” - there was no other alternative.

Sacred the war demanded from each person the elevation of his actions from the level of everyday life to the level of a god-like being - to the level of truly Christ-like self-sacrifice for the sake of “others” - his people, his homeland. Many understood this completely, some not fully, some felt it intuitively.

And young and old, men and women, rose up and fought at the front, worked in the rear to the point of complete self-denial, sacrificing themselves for the sake of Victory.

... A long time ago, in my youth, when I was preparing one of my first essays for the newspaper Komsomolskaya Pravda, I found in the archives of Leningrad a suicide letter from Captain Maslovsky to his son Yuri that shocked me. The captain wrote it in the spring of 1942, having received the task of blowing up a German ammunition depot at any cost. The explosion of this warehouse was one of the moments when the blockade of Leningrad was lifted. The operation was extremely difficult. The captain understood: there was no chance of staying alive.

I will only read a few sentences from this letter.

The letter begins like this:

“My last written word, my last wish for my son...

... Well, my dear son, we won’t see each other again. An hour ago I received an assignment from the division commander, which I will not return alive. Don’t be afraid of this, my baby, and don’t be discouraged. Be proud of the pride with which your folder goes to death: not everyone is entrusted to die for the Motherland... I was not going to refuse such a task...” (I skip part of the letter). And further: ... “I’m telling you about everything in detail, I want you to know who your father was, how and for what he gave his life. You will grow up big, you will understand, you will value your Motherland. Well, it’s very good to value the Motherland.

... Son, in every letter you asked and waited for my return from the front. Without deception: don’t wait any longer and don’t be upset - you are not alone. During my lifetime, son, I didn’t have much time to live with you, but I loved you from a distance and lived only for you. And now I think: although I will be dead, my heart continues to live with you...

... Farewell, my son, farewell, dear wife!

Sincerely loving – Gabriel.”

I visited the homeland of Captain Maslovsky - in the city of Nizhneudinsk, Irkutsk region, and found his son Yuri, who grew up and also became an officer. It was the captain who addressed him with the words “he loved you from a distance.”

However, it is clear that the captain went to death not only for the sake of his son and wife, but also for the sake of “others” unknown to him, for the sake of “distant generations,” “for the sake of life on earth.” The captain “loved from a distance” everyone who is now present at this rally.

Specific and a living example is myself, the person speaking in front of you.

Captain Maslovsky died near Leningrad, where hundreds of thousands of children died from hunger and cold during the German blockade. Among them were our family and me, then five years old, Igor Ilyinsky, my three-year-old sister Irina. We survived only because the blockade was broken and our family was evacuated to the Novosibirsk region. I, who remained to live, then had a son and daughter, who have long had their own children - my grandchildren... Son Oleg - here he is, next to me - and his son - my grandson Denis is standing among you. Our family continues.

My father - Mikhail Fedorovich Ilyinsky - died in 1944 in the Baltic states - also “for the sake of life on earth”, lies in Latvian soil and is listed as an “occupier” according to local laws...

The victory over fascism brought salvation to all of Europe, the whole world. But that’s not about that now. Victory brought the rescue to the Russian people. I now single out the Russians, because out of the 8 million 600 thousand Soviet soldiers and officers who died at the front, 5 million 756 thousand people were Russians; because Russians are the titular nation, make up 84% of the population of present-day Russia to say: in that war the life of a huge and great nation was saved, a great culture was saved. This means that the history of the Great Patriotic War and the Great Victory must be considered not only from the point of view of losses and suffering, but also in the categories of Joy and Happiness “with tears in our eyes”... Yes, it was a tragedy, but an optimistic tragedy. We won – and that’s the most important thing.

In light of the above, let’s now take a look at at least one of those political and “scientific” confusions with which some “truth seekers”, but in fact, outright liars and scoundrels, have been stuffing the consciousness of young people and the entire society in recent years.

Here is the myth that the price of Victory was prohibitively high due to the (allegedly) stupidity of Soviet commanders and military leaders, the cruelty of Stalin, Zhukov and other commanders.

More than 8 million 600 thousand Soviet soldiers and officers died on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War. Many, very many. If there were a million, two or three, five or seven less, it would, of course, be better. But even one million lives is not enough?! Who dares to say such a thing? And then - how much is Victory worth? Who's to say? Nobody! Victory is priceless. This is what you need to understand. Then everything falls into place.

How is it in the song? “... And now we need one victory, one for all, we won’t stand up for the price!”

Yes, sending Zhukov to the Leningrad front, Stalin gave the order to defend Leningrad " at any cost" The losses of the Soviet army during the defense of Leningrad and breaking the blockade were enormous. But now everyone knows that “blitzkrieg” is The “lightning war” with the USSR fizzled out precisely near Leningrad. The Great Victory began to take shape from this moment.

Zhukov was able to carry out the order to defend Leningrad “at any cost” because there were soldiers and officers ready carry out such an order, capable for a feat, like Captain Maslovsky, who, of course, understood: a holy war was going on.

The command “at any cost” was heard thousands of times at the front!..

Great German philosopher Georg Hegel said: “The true courage of enlightened peoples lies in the readiness to self-sacrifice in the name of the motherland." And such readiness lived in the hearts of millions of Soviet people. And it was not fanaticism, but conscious heroism, conscious dedication.

No one ordered Private Matrosov to cover the embrasure with his chest.

No one ordered Captain Gastello to throw his plane at the Nazi tanks.

Nobody ordered Lieutenant Talalikhin to ram a German fighter in the sky.

Nobody ordered the Young Guards to create an organization and engage in mortal combat with the invaders.

We know only dozens of names of heroes, but there were hundreds and hundreds of thousands of them.

These people understood: there was a holy war going on. Their soul and heart commanded them to be selfless. This is how they were raised: sacrificed themselves, fought and died with the thought of a better future, of future generations happier than them. They served the Motherland, the people, knowing that the root of these words is “clan”. There will be a clan - there will be a people, a Motherland. We will be with you...

I say this because in today's Russia dedication- this one at all times the first and rarest of civic virtues, this the highest level of man on the path of goodness- turned out to be of little value. Just like heroism and courage, and with them conscience, honor, service. Many young people believe that in today’s life such qualities are not needed by a person, moreover, they interfere with life. Nobody even wants to think about war.

God grant that it be so. But…

We live in troubled, catastrophic times, in a transitional period. And this is not a transition from socialism to capitalism, as almost everyone in Russia believes, especially young people who are naive due to their age, trained in schools using Soros textbooks.

Few people realize that the paradigm of social development, according to which the highest meaning of human activity is monetary income, profit - has completely exhausted itself and threatens the death of all humanity. This is not my invention. You know that in 1992 this idea was clearly expressed in the Declaration of “Agenda 21” at the UN conference in Rio de Janeiro. Ten years later, in 2002, this conclusion was confirmed by a UN conference in Johannesburg (South Africa), noting that over the past 10 years nothing has changed for the better in the world; on the contrary, it has become even less stable, even more aggressive. Not a single country heeded the ominous forecasts.

And then an unprecedented global financial and economic crisis broke out. Nobody knows yet how and when it will end.

Five Powerful Forces are leading the world community to some new state. The first force is still unshaken unipolarity. The second force is not yet inhibited globalization. Third - weakening of states– nations. Fourth – search civilizational identity many countries, including Russia. Fifth force - revolt of the poor majority world community.

The result of the currently unpredictable changes should be some new development philosophy humanity, and as a consequence, some new configuration of the world order, a new geopolitical, new economic, new civilizational picture of the world.

So far, in my opinion, there is no reason to think that this process of essentially uncontrollable chaos will take place exclusively peacefully. Rivalry over earthly spaces and irreplaceable resources does not promise calm times. Rich countries are unlikely to agree to a more meager resource ration, and poor countries are unlikely to find ways to consolidate. The solution to many problems does not lend itself to compromise. The confrontation between the West and the non-West promises regional clashes, and perhaps a global cataclysm. Simply put, new world war. Many serious scientists and politicians think so.

I say again: God grant that the rulers of the leading powers do not fall into it with intelligence, wisdom and strong nerves.

But be ready for the worse there must be every country, every people that has something to protect. Russia is the most tasty morsel on the geographical map of the world. And - “if tomorrow there is a war, if tomorrow there is a campaign,” the heroes and dedication of the young will again be needed.

The fate of Russia depends on you and me, on our loyalty to the behests of our ancestors - from Ivan Kalita and Vladimir Monomakh, from Minin, Pozharsky and Ivan Susanin to the heroes of the Great Patriotic War.

They are our spiritual and moral authority, they are measure in understanding what is “good” and what is “bad” in this life. They are an example of how one should love, cherish and defend the Motherland, and if necessary, then die for it. They - living and dead - today are our support and help in saving the Fatherland.

That is why we hold rallies at the university every year on Victory Day and have turned them into a tradition. That is why our successors must continue this tradition forever.

Traditions- this is the soul of any people, its difference from other peoples. No traditions - no people. Without traditions there is no continuity, without traditions there is no stability not only in society, but also in the soul of an individual and the entire society, but there is discord, decay, vacillation and destruction of everything. This is what we have been seeing for almost twenty years now.

Following traditions does not mean preserving backwardness. No idealization of the Past, but with full respect for it and the understanding that without historical memory there is no morality, and without morality there is no society, but there is a huge pack of man-wolves.

Traditions must connect the Present with the Past and thereby create a springboard for movement into the Future. We must build the future Russia not according to overseas patterns, but from Russia itself, while absorbing, of course, all the best that is in the world that suits our Russian, Russian taste, way of thinking and life.

You cannot burn down the Historical Field along with the grains, flowers, quail nests and all the living things that are on it. But - they burn it out! They burn out a person’s morality and soul, leaving in their place smoking ashes.

Our ancestors gave their lives for the Fatherland not by drunken accident, not in a mafia showdown for the sake of money or ambitions, but by their own choice. Their “self-interest” was negligible: let them remember us.

Let's answer this question together: do we remember? Raise your hands only those whose father, mother, brother or sister, grandfather or grandmother, great-grandfather or great-grandmother and other close relatives whom you remember died in the Great Patriotic War. Please raise your hands!

We remember!.. We remember our relatives, we remember their friends and comrades - acquaintances and strangers, we remember the Unknown Soldier! By death they trampled death, they found eternal life!.. Victory Day for them is the Day of the Resurrection from the Dead. They are alive as long as we remember them.

Let us bow deeply to the war and labor veterans of our university! Once there were hundreds of them, now twenty people are alive, fourteen of whom are standing next to us today!..

Let us honor the memory of all those who died in the Great Patriotic War with a minute of silence.

And is there any room left after this for the question: “Why remember the war?”

Glory to the fallen heroes and veterans of the Great Patriotic War!

Glory to the Victorious People at all times!

Glory to Russia!

This urgent problem is raised by B. L. Vasiliev.

The author, discussing the issue, talks about the Brest Fortress, about the heroism of its defenders, who accepted torture and death. But B. L. Vasiliev pays special attention to the unknown hero, who “kept the enemy in suspense for almost a year.” The writer notes: this man fought alone, “without neighbors to the left or right, without orders or rear.” The author regrets that “time has not conveyed either his name or title.”

The writer sadly notes how many lives the war claimed. This can be seen in the sad story of an old woman who “every year on June 22...comes to Brest.” She reads the same inscription all day long, without stopping. The writer emphasizes: with what reverence the elderly woman looks at the marble slab and stands “as if on a guard of honor.”

B. L. Vasiliev notes: “It is not so important where our sons lie, what is important is that they fought and should be remembered.”

I agree with the opinion of the author. Why can't we forget the war? Kind words are far from the only way we can express gratitude to the dead. Remembering the people who died during our lives is proof that the sacrifices made were not in vain.

To prove my thoughts, I will give examples from fiction. Yes, in the poem

A. T. Tvardovsky “There are such names and there are such dates,” the lyrical hero feels his and his generation’s guilt before the dead soldiers. The main character judges himself by the highest court - the spiritual. This is a man of great conscience, honesty, whose soul is sick for everything that happens. The author notes: the hero feels guilty because he simply lives and can enjoy the beauty of nature. But the dead cannot be brought back! They gave their lives for our lives, for our happiness. We must honor the memory of those to whom we owe our lives.

This is also narrated in A.P. Platonov’s story “Recovery of the Dead.” A mother who lost three children in the war walked thousands of kilometers to return to her home, to the place where her children died. The author notes: grief made her invulnerable. Mentally communicating with the children, the mother did not lose touch with them. She believes that if the people corrected all the untruths on earth, then they would raise all those who died righteously to life. Death is the first untruth. In these words, in my opinion, lies the meaning of the story.

Thus, the duty of living people is to prevent any more of the great grief and injustice that the war brought. I urge people not to forget our heroes who are the reason we are here today. It’s not for nothing that they say: “We are alive as long as our memory is alive.”

Updated: 2017-03-21

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Children of war... There are very few of them left. A little more, and there will be no one to tell us what war looks like in children's eyes. Somewhere far away now bullets are whistling and shells are exploding. People who have not yet begun to live are dying. And all because even today there are those who want war. An essay on the topic “Memory of the Children of War” will tell you about how scary it is when death becomes the first thing a person sees in his life.

Seeing someone else's pain

The great Russian humanist Leo Tolstoy once said that if, at the sight of someone else’s grief, heavy depressing feelings arise that force you to leave, turn away and protect yourself from such a spectacle, then this is nothing more than bad feelings. It's not worth listening to them. They should be destroyed in yourself before they kill the ability to compassion.

An essay on the topic “Memory of the War” is an attempt to overcome bad feelings, to see the tragedy through the eyes of those who looked at it in the face and felt its stinking, deadly breath on themselves. Few of today's children living in peaceful regions are interested in the topic of war. It's too distant and abstract. But an essay on the topic “Memory of children who survived the war,” written in the form of an argument, forces schoolchildren to think and feel the trials of their peers whose childhood ended on June 22, 1941.

War of a lifetime

Four years is not a long time for an adult. For a child this is an eternity. He sees something new every day. Everything around arouses irresistible curiosity. Every minute he learns something, knows something.

And what did those who were five, ten, twelve years old during the war see and understand? They often witnessed the death of their parents. Watched strangers die. Everywhere there was death from bullets and hunger. The first thing they learned was to be afraid. The last thing they remember is the faces of the German occupiers.

An essay on the topic “Memory of the Children of War” will lead to sad comparisons. The author, whether he wants it or not, will put himself in the place of one of those who survived the greatest tragedy of the last century. He will experience at least a tiny fraction of the feelings of a child who suffered, but was only to blame for being born too early.

Distant War

How can children and teenagers write an essay on the topic “Memory of the War” if it began more than half a century before their birth? It touched every family in the huge multinational Soviet country. Stories about her are passed down from generation to generation. Those from whom this terrible thread comes are becoming fewer and fewer. But eyewitnesses who are still alive will tell about the war better than any writer, artist or director.

Children of the war will tell about how their mothers hid them from the Germans. They will describe how their house burned, and how fragile women had to build a new one with their own hands. They will talk about how they continued to play it even after the war, and their mothers scolded them for it, which they did not do until 1941. Those who are still alive are entering their ninth decade, but they were, are and will remain “children of war” until the end of their days. This phrase seems scary and paradoxical. As if the one who deprived them of their childhood adopted them and replaced their mother.

Non-children's stories

They leave, there are fewer and fewer of them... But they must pass on what they saw to the next generation. However, there are things that children experience that children cannot know about. A school essay on the topic “In Memory of the Fallen” cannot include the memories of a person whose parents were shot seventy years ago. And after that, the child’s gaze had nowhere to go: the sky was black from airplanes, the earth was red from dead bodies.

A modern child, perhaps, should not know that when mothers were torn away from their children during the war, women sought at all costs to ensure that their daughters and sons did not witness the execution. Because they feared this more than death.

The child's psyche is a rather strange phenomenon. The first murdered person a child sees can cause not fear, but only surprise. Or maybe even curiosity. The child’s consciousness protects him from understanding what can cripple his soul. But then, years later, this picture pops up before my eyes and becomes more and more clear and scary.

Living father

An essay on the topic “Memory is alive” is an assignment on a sublime patriotic theme. Is it possible to tell in it how, during the war years, a girl’s mother sewed a dress from soldiers’ foot wraps? And then, in May of '45, their father returned to them. And everyone came to look at him. The children wanted to know what a “living father” was.

Children of war... There are almost none left. They told what they could remember. Talking about the worst things - about childhood memories that even adults are afraid to hear - must be very painful and difficult. But they told. Schoolchildren listened to their heartfelt stories for half a century, and then wrote an essay on the topic “Memory of the War.” But somewhere far away, bullets are still whistling, shells are exploding and children are dying. For some reason, even today there are those who want war.

Reflections on the Great Patriotic War evoke fear and sadness: tens of millions of victims, hundreds of millions of crippled lives, hunger, deprivation... But people who know about the war only by hearsay do not understand the depth of the tragedy of those events.

No one is able to make up for the losses, to empathize with the despair of mothers who did not receive sons from the war. The generation of the 21st century can only honor the fallen soldiers, remember the incredibly high cost of Victory and realize: we must not allow a repetition of “an event contrary to human reason.”

Eyewitnesses of the Second World War are gradually disappearing. Every year there are fewer people who survived the greatest tragedy. humanity. A little more time will pass and we will have to draw information only from history, literary works, war diaries and films based on real events. Many of the authors themselves went through the war, so their works are largely autobiographical.

In the novel “Cursed and Killed,” Viktor Astafiev describes his own memories of “hell on Earth.”

He had the opportunity to go through a harsh school together with his fellow soldiers: crossing the Velikaya River, recapturing a strategic height, burying comrades... The fate of his individual types - Shestakov, Shchusya, Ryndin, Bespakustin and many others - is only a small part of the terrible truth about the war, which descendants should know and remember .

Describing the events of the past, the author himself is horrified: how much the mind had to become clouded, the heart had to “rust” in order to tune in to dark deeds. After all, great sins will subsequently have to be atoned for... Astafiev reproduces true pictures that amaze with his ruthlessness and attitude towards human life. Thousands of fighters were sent to cross the river. A huge number of people died: hundreds of corpses lay heaped and scattered on the shore. And all this for the sake of a distraction...

The novel is too difficult for psychological perception; the “voice of truthful memory” is heard in it. Are such books needed in the new millennium? Maybe it’s not worth remembering all the horrors of the war, in the words of A. Tvardovsky: “memory under seal, so as not to inadvertently confuse the uninitiated with that publicity”? But we still cannot hush up the real facts. Descendants must know the truth, since the war has not outlived its usefulness as an event. Remembering the horrors of war, humanity will more actively strive to preserve peace.

Updated: 2016-11-14

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