In this lesson, we continue to study the construction have got. It is often used and it is necessary to learn it so that it flies off the teeth. When we talk about our family in English, we say, for example: I've got a sister- I have a sister.

Also, this construction is used in conversations about owning something ( I've got a skirt), about the presence of diseases ( I've got a flu), about planned events ( I've got a meeting), but for now we will focus on family and friendship ties.

- New words;
- Listening - listen to the dialogue;
- have you got - statements, questions and denials;
- pronunciation: the combination of words in a sentence;
- exercises.

New words

age- age	Pardon?[ˈpɑːdn] - sorry	Have you got…?- do you have?
moment[ˈməʊmənt] - moment	please- please	Yes, I have- Yes, I have
aren't you?[ɑːnt juː ] - right?	question[ˈkwɛsʧən] - question	No, I haven't- no, I do not have
any[ˈɛni] - any	sit down[sɪt daʊn] - sit down	widow[ˈwɪdəʊ] - widow. widower[ˈwɪdoʊər] - widower
job[ʤɒb] - work	too- too	course[ɒv kɔːs] - of course
married[ˈmærɪd] - married (married or married)	divorced- divorced	separated[ˈsɛpəreɪtɪd] - living separately

New words are better remembered in sentences, so listen to the dialogue between the bank manager and Mr. Petrov, who wants to take out a loan. Try to hear new words in this dialogue. And then insert the missing words into the text of the dialogue and listen again and check if you understood the text correctly.

Change have got by faces and numbers

As can be seen from the table, everything is very simple here: a special form has got only for the third person singular, that is, for "he", "she" and "it", and for all others - have got.

Look at these suggestions:
She's got a daughter (has)
She's very good-looking (is)
Sue's an engineer (is)
Sue's coat is short (her coat)
They have the same abbreviated form, but different things are hidden behind this abbreviation. You need to understand this well and learn how to quickly identify them. The exercise at the end will help you with this.

Pronunciation of the short form have got

Pay attention to the pronunciation of the short form of verbs have got, especially for negations, since they have one vowel sound dropped out: haven't hasnt[ˈhæzənt]. Listen to these sentences a few times:

I have got. She has got.
I've got. She's got.
Have I got? Has she got?
I have not got. She has not got.
I haven't got. She hasn't got.

Connecting words in an English sentence.

Here, in our first lessons, pay attention to the merger of words, the first of which ends with a consonant sound, and the second begins with a vowel sound:

Exercises

A. Fill in the missing words. Check your answers by listening to the audio recording.

1. I ______ got two children.
2. How many children have you ______?
3. My mother ______ got three sisters.
4. I ______ got any brothers.
5. Have you got ______ brothers or sisters?
6. I've ______ three children: two girls and a boy.
7. They haven't ______ any children.
8. He has ______ one son.
9. My father ______ got any sisters.

B. Write the full form instead of the short form. Listen to the answers.

Mark's an accountant.
We're British.
You've got four sisters.
Polly and John aren't in Italy.
She hasn't got any children.
He's a shop assistant.
How's their brother?
Andrew's not very tall.
What's her name?
I'm intelligent.

C. Change the meaning of ‘s to is, his or her.

Where's Paul's book?
Matthew's a doctor.
Tom's secretary isn't tall.
My sister's coat's under the table.
Linda's about forty.
Are John's parents Greek?
Ann's bag's on the table.
Is Kate's boyfriend dark?
Are Mark's parents divorced?
Julien's tall and fair.

We hope that after this lesson, you will be able to say I've got it!(this is a set expression that means "I got it!")

Today we will apply the knowledge we have already gained. Our vocabulary allows us to move on to reading texts. Let small, but still texts. They will contain personal information and information about family members. Before we start working with the text, here is a little reminder of how to effectively and profitably read the text:

How to work with text:

1. Review the text for new words. If you have met any, then you need to find their translation and pronunciation (transcription) in the dictionary.
2. Write down all the new words in your dictionary and learn.
3. Read the text. Try to understand what is at stake, to catch the main idea. Perhaps you missed some new words, then you need to go back to working with the dictionary.
4. Translate the text. Try to ensure that your translation is not literal, but a high-quality solid text. To achieve this, translation can be done in writing and edited.
5. Mark phonetic features in the text that you should pay attention to. (for example, do not deafen voiced consonants at the end of words or practice the pronunciation of the sound [θ].
6. Read the text again according to your notes. Don't try to read quickly. First of all, you need to take care of the correct pronunciation of words. When this goal is achieved, then it will be possible to work on the speed of reading. If audio is attached to the text, listen to the speaker and repeat after him. This will help you get rid of your Russian accent. Read the text until the moment when your speech becomes similar to the speech of the announcer. For comparison, you can record yourself on a voice recorder and listen to the recording. It will also help you spot pronunciation errors.

Now let's move on to the text itself:

My name is Emily Brown. I am fifteen and I am a student. My family and I live in California, in the USA. My favorite singer is Justin Bieber, he's American too.
My mom's name is Janette. She's thirty-five and she's a housewife. Her favorite film is Titanic and her favorite actor is Leonardo DiCaprio.
My dad is Peter, he's thirty-nine. He's a businessman. His favorite sportsman is David Beckham.
My sister's name is Kristie. She's eleven, she's a student too. Her favorite actress is Angelina Jolie and her favorite singer is Miley Cyrus.

Possessive

You are already familiar with possessive pronouns and can easily say "my friend", "our house", etc. But what if the owner is called not by a pronoun, but by a name? There is a simple rule for this:

If the object is animate and is in the singular, then at the end we add 's.
for example: Jane's cat, dog's tail, boy's car

However, if the word already ends in s, then we add an apostrophe after the word.
for example: Charles' cat

If the object is animate and is in the plural, then the apostrophe is also placed after the end. If the plural of the word is formed according to other rules (the word exception), then we add ’ s.
for example: girls' dresses, tourists' buses, men's shoes, children's toys

If the object is not animate, then after it we put of.
for example: the leaves of the tree, the cover of the book

The verbs have got and has got

The verb have is translated into Russian as “to have, to possess”, respectively, we use it when we want to say that we have something or don’t have something, and also ask our interlocutor about the presence of this or that object. The verb has is its variety and is used in the third person singular (that is, the pronouns he, she it).

I have got(I' ve got)*
he has got(he' s got)
she has got(she' s got)
it has got(it' s got)
we have got(we' ve got)
you have got(you' ve got)
they have got(they' ve got)

* The abbreviated form is given in brackets

To create a negation, we need to insert the negative particle not after the verb have or has, followed by got.

I haven't got
he hasn't got
she hasn't got
it hasn't got
we haven't got
you haven't got
they haven't got

For a question, we put the verb have or has first, followed by the pronoun, got, and the rest of the sentence.

have I got?
Has he got?
Has she got?
Has it got?
have we got?
have you got?
have they got?

Examples :
I have got a brother. - I have a brother.
John has got a girlfriend. John has a girlfriend.
They haven't got money. - They don't have money.
Mary hasn't got a pen. Mary doesn't have a pen.
Have you got grandparents? - Do you have grandparents?
Has it got a name? Does he/she/it have a name?

Tasks for the lesson

1. Write a story about your family. Don't forget to mention the names, ages and favorite movies/actors/singers/athletes of your family members.
2. Translate the phrases:

Peter's cat, girls' dolls, boys' books, Rose's dog horse tail, dog food, children's shoes, granny's hat, Jane's bag, Anna's son.

3. Insert have got or has got, and then change these sentences into negative and interrogative ones.
1. You …two apples.
2. John … a book.
3. They … a brother.
4. He … a sister.
5. I … friends.
6. We … a house.
7. The teacher … a car.
8. They … watches.
9. Black … a helicopter.
10. You … a bicycle.

Answer 2:
Peter's cat
girls' dolls
boys' books
Rose's dog
horse's tail
dog's food
children's shoes - children's shoes
grandmother's hat
Jane's bag
Anna's son

• You have got two apples. You haven't got two apples. Have you got two apples?
• John has got a book. John hasn't got a book. Has John got a book?
• They have got a brother. They haven't got a brother. Have they got a brother?
• He has got a sister. He hasn't got a sister. Has he got a sister?
• I have got I haven't got friends. Have I got friends?
• We have got a house. We haven't got a house. Have we got a house?
• The teacher has got a car. The teacher hasn't got a car. Has teacher got a car?
• They have got They haven't got watches. Have they got watches?
• Black has got a helicopter. Mr. Black hasn't got a helicopter. Has Mr. Black got a helicopter?
• You have got a bicycle. You haven't got a bicycle. Have you got a bicycle?

Verb to have- one of the most common in English. It can act as an auxiliary, semantic or modal. Also, with its help, many constructions and stable expressions are formed.

Education and use

In the simple present tense, that is, in Present Simple (or Indefinite), there are two forms of the verb: has, have. Use has limited to the third person singular. In other cases, the word remains unchanged. In Past Simple, the verb takes the form had.

A table will help to understand the education scheme in more detail.

	Past	present	Future
I, you, we, they	had	have	shall/will have
he, she, it

To have as a semantic verb

The meaning of this word is "to have, to possess". It is most often translated into Russian by turns "I have", "he has", etc.

1. An affirmative sentence. The word order in an affirmative sentence is standard: subject, predicate, and then definitions, objects or circumstances.

• He has a highly readable book. - He has an exciting book.
• She has a large library. - She has a big library.
• He had a beautiful picture - still life. - He had a beautiful picture - a still life.
• She has a cozy house with fireplace. - She has a cozy house with a fireplace.

2. Interrogative. The question can be formed as with the help of an auxiliary verb to do in the past tense, and without it. In cases where the sentence is constructed without a semantic verb is put in front. If there is an auxiliary verb, the question begins with it.

• Has she a yarn for knitting? Does she have yarn for knitting?
• Had she a mauve dress? Did she have a mauve dress?
• Did he have an easel and oil colors? - Did he have oil paints and an easel?

Variant with verb to do more usable.

3. Negation is formed using the particle not, and in the presence of uncountable nouns or the plural, the pronoun any also appears.

• I haven "t a scetchbook (any scetchbooks). - I don't have a sketchbook(s) for sketching.
• We hadn "t any desire to go there. - We did not have a single desire to go there.

Also, negation can be formed using to do in combination with the particle not. That is do not(for pronouns I, you, we, they) and does not for the third person (he, she, it). In an abbreviated version, the verb with a particle takes on the following form: don't and doesn't have in the present tense and didn't in the past.

• I don "t have any questions. - I have no questions.

Another way to form a negative sentence is with no.

• She has no sketchbook. She doesn't have a sketchbook.
• He has no desire to swim. - He has no desire to swim.

Features of the use of "have got"

This is a colloquial version, an analogue of the word to have as a semantic verb. That is, the concepts of "have" and "possess" can be conveyed through the construction have got or has got. This is the same as has, have. The use of this turnover has some features:

• have got: the use of this form is only in the present tense.
• This turnover is used only when it comes to a one-time action. For multiple, regular and recurring events, the main verb without "got" is used.
  
• The negative and interrogative forms are also different.
• As for the phrase has got, its use is similar to has: in combination with the pronouns he, she, it.

Comparative characteristics are presented in the table.

She hasn "t got any skeetchbooks. - She has no sketchbooks.

To have as an auxiliary verb

It acts as an auxiliary verb in all tenses of the Perfect and Perfect Continuous groups.

Perfect tenses indicate the result, not the fact of the action.

• She has opened the window. - She opened the window.
• He has not closed the window. - He didn't close the window.
• Have they opened the window? - Did they open the window?

Perfect Continuous times imply a process that lasted until a certain point or over a specified period of time.

The affirmative sentence in the present tense implies the use of have been + doing (smth).

• She has been waiting for them for an hour. She has been waiting for them for an hour.
• He has been playing the piano since 6 o "clock. - He has been playing the piano since six o'clock.
• How long has she been teaching English? How long has she been teaching English?

Have to as a modal verb

This modal verb is very common in English. Use have to has some features.

Constructions are formed as follows: modal verb + infinitive + particle to.

Unlike the verb must, which conveys an obligation due to an internal impulse to action, a construction with have to expresses a necessity due to some external circumstances. It is usually translated into Russian with the following words: must, had to, forced, etc.

• She has to work a lot. - She has to work hard.
• He had to get up at 5 o "clock. - He had to get up at 5.
• She will have to study four languages. - She will have to master 4 languages.

Also, this modal verb is widely used in Russian translated "should be."

• The book has to be sent by post today. - The book should be mailed today.
• The landscape has to be painted tomorrow. The landscape needs to be painted tomorrow.

Interrogative and negative forms are formed with to do.

• Do you have to do homework? - Do you have to do your homework?
• We don "t have to write this book. - We don't have to write this book.

When negated between modal verbs must and have to there is a significant difference:

1. "Do not have to" implies that it is not desirable to do this, it is not necessary.
2. "Mustn"t" conveys a categorical prohibition.

• You don "t have to read this letter. - You don't have to read this letter.
• You mustn "t read this letter. - You are forbidden to read this letter.

Constructions with the verb to have

There are many constructions in which the verb can lose its original meaning. Such revolutions are translated by a single concept.

1. Design to have in combination with the noun and This turnover implies that the action is not performed by the person in question, but by someone else for him or instead of him.

• She has her hair done at that hairdresser "s. - She does (she does) her hair at that hairdresser's.
• He "ll has his portrait painted in the near future. - His portrait will be painted in the near future.
• He had his grand piano attuned the day before yesterday. The piano was tuned for him the day before yesterday.

The interrogative and negative forms of this phrase are formed with the help of the auxiliary verb to do.

• Do you have your violin attuned? - Has your violin been tuned?
• I don "t have my musical instrument attuned. - My musical instrument has not been tuned.

2. The construction of a verb in combination with a noun and an infinitive. With this construction, you can convey the intention to do something.

• She has something to do. - She wants to do something.
• He had an interesting story to tell you. He wanted to tell you an interesting story.

Question and negation are built without the auxiliary verb to do.

• Has she anything to tell us? Does she want to tell us something?
• He has not (hasn "t) anything to tell. - He has nothing to tell.

Set expressions with a verb

Set expressions are phrases that are perceived as a whole. Such constructions are not translated literally, but convey a single meaning. The following are a few topics in which there are many stable phrases with the verb has, have. The use of these turns is a common phenomenon in the English language.

Food and drink

Communication and relationships between people

daily activities

to have	a shower	take a shower
	a bath	take a bath
	a wash	wash up
	a shave	shave

Relaxation and entertainment

Use of the verb have very versatile. This is one of the few verbs that can act as full-valued (that is, semantic), auxiliary or modal. In addition, in combination with some nouns, it forms stable expressions. To master this topic well, it is important to practice using verbs. has, have. The use of these words is simple and clear, but should be brought to automatism so that when speaking in English you do not have to think.

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The verb to have (to have, to possess) in English

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Verb to have- one of the main verbs of the English language, which can be both semantic and auxiliary. as a semantic verb have conveys its lexical meaning "to have, possess, own". As an auxiliary, it is part of various temporary forms, while losing its meaning.

In the proposal below have is a semantic verb, that is, it conveys its meaning "to have":

I have two children. — I have two children (I have two children).

In the next sentence have is an auxiliary verb, as it is part of the present perfect tense (Present Perfect) and does not convey its lexical meaning:

I have read the book. - I read the book.

Consider to have as a semantic verb with the meaning "to have, possess, own".

Forms of the verb to have in the present simple tense (in Present Simple)

In present simple tense to have has 2 forms: have / has

have- used with all persons except 3 l. units h.
has- used only with persons 3 l. units h. (he, she, it)

affirmative forms

I have- I have
We have- we have
You have- you have (you have)
They have- they have
He has- he has
She has- she has
It has- it has

He has a big house in London. He has a big house in London (He has a big house in London).
They have a nice flat . They have a good apartment (They have a good apartment).

When we talk about having something other than have / has structure can be used have got / has got, which is most often used in colloquial speech and means the same as have / has. Got doesn't matter in this case, just adjacent to have / has. Please note that the design have got / has got is only used in the present tense.

I have got- I have
We have got- we have
You have got- you have (you have)
They have got- they have
He has got- he has
She has got- she has
It has got- it has

I have got a new car. — I have a new car (I have a new car).
He has got two children. He has two children (He has two children).

Negative and interrogative forms

Negative and interrogative sentences are formed using an auxiliary verb do / does(for 3 l. units - he, she, it). To form a negation, you need to put a particle not after the auxiliary verb do / does. Short forms are often used in negation:

do not have = don't have
does not have = doesn't have

To form questions do / does is placed at the beginning of the sentence, that is, it is placed before the subject. Please note that in negatives, as well as in questions, it is not used has, since 3 l. unit transmitted using does.

I don't have/ Do I have? - Yes, I do / No, I don't.
We don't have/ Do we have? - Yes, we do / No, we don't.
You don't have/ Do you have? - Yes, you do / No, you don't.
They don't have/ Do they have? - Yes, they do / No, they don't.
He doesn't have/ Does he have? - Yes, he does / No, he doesn't.
She doesn't have/ Does she have? - Yes, she does / No, she doesn't.
It doesn't have/ Does it have? - Yes, it does / No, it doesn't.

Interrogative and negative sentences with have got

If turnover is used have got / has got, then questions and negations do not require auxiliary verbs. Negation is formed according to the following formula, while more often it is still used in a short form:

have + not + got = haven't got(short form)
has + not + got = hasn't got(short form)

To form questions have or has are brought forward, that is, placed before the subject.

I haven't got / have I got? - Yes, I have / No, I haven't.
We haven't got / have we got? - Yes, we have / No, we haven't.
You haven't got / have you got? - Yes, you have / No, you haven't.
They haven't got / have they got? - Yes, they have / No, they haven't.
He hasn't got / Has he got? - Yes, he has / No, he hasn't.
She hasn't got / Has she got? - Yes, she has / No, she hasn't.
It hasn't got / Has it got? - Yes, it has / No, it hasn't.

I don't have a car. = I haven't got a car. — I don't have a car (I don't have a car).
She doesn't have a car. = She hasn't got a car. She doesn't have a car (She doesn't have a car).
Do you have a car? = have you got a car? - Do you have a car? (Do you have a car?)
Does she have a car? = Has she got a car? - Does she have a car? (Does she have a car?)

It should also be noted that the use of auxiliary verbs do/ does characteristic of American English. In British English, turnover is more common. have got / has got, but you can also hear: Have you a car? I haven't a car. This is also true, but it is used extremely rarely and sounds a bit old-fashioned.

In past and future tenses to have used as an ordinary semantic verb. We remind you that the turnover have got / has got(to have, to possess, to own) is used only in the present tense.

American: How many children do you have?
Englishwoman (with a sneer): Normally one child a year.

Verbs have and have got translated into Russian to have / have and can often be used interchangeably. Nevertheless, there are a number of situations where the substitution of "shade" or grammatical function is simply unacceptable, as, for example, in the dialogue between an American and an Englishwoman. Her sarcastic response is justified by the fact that the construction “ to have a baby” translates “ give a birth to a baby', while the norm would be to ask ' have you got', meaning ' to have something / to have someone”.

A similar situation of misunderstanding could arise when asking about the availability of something (in a store / cafe / etc.):

Phrase " We don't have beer” will mean that beer is not sold in this place at all, or “ We don't drink beer now. Don't you see?” If it were not available, you would hear in response:

We haven't got beer.- We're out of beer.

Stylistic and lexical aspects

Verb to have can have two main meanings and special cases of translation (stable expressions).

Possession/ I have a sister.- I have a sister.
Action / process (Action) - I have breakfast.- I eat breakfast.

From this perspective, the following should be understood:

* in meaning Posession Verbs to have and have got interchangeable, but to have cannot have the form of continuous time (Continuous):

I am having a sister.- incorrect
I have a sister./ She has got a car.- right

* In meaning action verb to have will be translated according to the logic of the phrase in which it is used. have got not used in this meaning. For example:

I have tea. - I'm drinking tea.
Mike has a shower. Mike is taking a shower.

Another difference in the use of these verbs is that in British English to have implies regularity of action, while have got focuses on the present moment have now”):

I have lessons every day. - I have lessons every day.
I have got a lesson. - I have a lesson now.

The boundary between values ​​is rather fragile. In American English, it is preferable to use to have.
If we are talking about the style of using one or another option, then in British English have got preferred in colloquial speech and writing, and to have in formal and bookish styles. In the American colloquial language, the part t o have generally can be skipped:

He (‘s) got a car.

Grammatical aspect

have got in meaning " to have / have” is used only in the present simple tense and has two forms - singular and plural:

We have got a family.
It has got teeth.

In fact have got is the perfect form (Present Perfect) of the verb to get(get), what determines its value in the construction under consideration. That is, someone got something and now owns it. It sounds rather tongue-tied, but clearly conveys the essence of the phrase:

get-got-have/has got

She has got a car.- She has a car = She got (bought/ stole/ won, etc.) a car and now owns it.

Since the verb have got is a perfect form, then, according to the rules of English grammar, it will build interrogative and negative sentences without the help of auxiliary constructions:

She has got a boyfriend.
Has she got a boyfriend?
Yes, she has. / No, she hasn’t.
She hasn't got a boyfriend.

With design to have the matter is a little more complicated. In British English, it used to be considered normal to form interrogative and negative sentences with to have without auxiliary verbs. Now this prerogative remains with the verb only in book styles.
In the American version, the auxiliary verb is always used when forming a question and a negative sentence:

We have a house.
Have you a house? - Yes, we have. / No we haven't (a house). brit.

Do you have a house? - Yes, we do. / No, we don't (have a house). Amer.

Verb to have functions at all times and has its own forms:

present- have/has
past- had(single form)
future- will have(single form)

We wish you interesting practice and success!

Victoria Tetkina