Many women at some point in their lives decide to protect themselves from unplanned pregnancies by using oral contraceptives. The drugs of this group have proven their effectiveness and ease of use. However, taking birth control pills along with smoking causes serious harm to health.

It is known that contraceptives contain hormones. Preparations for this purpose are divided into two groups: combined and progestin. The combined ones contain estrogens and gestagens. The dosage of hormones, determined by the amount of ethinyl estradiol, is different. Allocate:

• high-dose (50 mcg);
• medium-dose (35-40 mcg);
• low-dose (30 mcg);
• microdosed (20 mcg);
• progestin tablets are single-component and contain only gestagens.

The latest generation of contraceptives are considered safer due to the low dosage of estrogen. But still, this hormone slightly increases blood clotting. However, it is not necessary to say that taking such drugs will definitely lead to the formation of blood clots.

Nevertheless, a gynecologist, choosing contraceptives for a woman, will try to find out about her health problems and whether she smokes.

Interaction of OC components with tobacco smoke

Nicotine, entering the body with cigarette smoke, affects the circulatory system in the same way as estrogen. At the same time, its intensity is higher than that of the hormone. That is why doctors unanimously warn women against the combined use of estrogen-containing pills and smoking.

It turns out that when taking birth control pills and smoking, a dangerous tandem is created. Estrogen increases clotting, and nicotine enhances the action of estrogen, similarly affecting the blood.

Non-compliance with the recommendations for the use of hormonal drugs leads to the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. The level of cholesterol in the blood rises. Cholesterol plaques settle on the walls of blood vessels, narrowing their lumen. As a result, the blood flow is disturbed, oxygen enters the organs in insufficient quantities. The heart is under heavy stress. This is especially true for women who smoke, whose age is 35 years or more.

The consequence of smoking and concomitant use of OK may be an increase in the activity of the papillomavirus. It has been scientifically proven that papillomavirus can lead to oncology of the female genital organs.

The reaction of the body to the combination of cigarettes with oral contraceptives

Both young girls and mature women 40 years old resort to contraception. Modern combined OK are well tolerated and do not cause inconvenience in everyday life. However, they do have side effects. To what extent they manifest themselves depends largely on the woman herself.

Observations have shown that smoking and birth control pills taken at the same time lead to headaches, heaviness in the legs, discomfort in the mammary glands, and pain in the lower abdomen. The occurrence of these symptoms is a direct signal to see a doctor.

Some girls who have a bad habit noted that the veins in their legs become more noticeable. There were complaints of nausea, fainting. This once again indicates the incompatibility of smoking with the use of combined contraceptives.

According to studies, the process of thrombosis depends not only on the woman's age, but also on the number of cigarettes smoked per day. If up to 10 cigarettes a day are smoked while taking hormonal pills, then the risk of getting problems with the heart and blood vessels is doubled compared to women without nicotine addiction. 15 cigarettes triples the risk. Taking drugs with estrogen becomes especially dangerous for smokers aged forty years or more.

Diseases that develop when smoking and taking OK

Against the background of combining contraceptives and smoking, the risk of developing many diseases increases. Moreover, even passive tobacco consumption has a negative effect.

Studies have confirmed that a person who took contraceptives and continued to smoke increased the risk of developing the following pathologies by 8 times:

• embolism;
• stroke;
• phlebeurysm;
• atherosclerosis;
• heart attack;

• thrombosis;
• vascular diseases.

The risk group included women over thirty years of age. In addition, information has appeared about the possible development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and oncology, especially hormone-dependent ones.

Estrogen and progesterone have been classified as carcinogens since the early 1980s. Statements that hormonal preparations based on these components can lead to the growth of malignant tumors have been officially confirmed by scientists from the University of Southern California. In 1993, researchers described in detail the relationship between the development of breast cancer and the use of combined drugs for the purpose of menopausal hormone therapy.

At the same time, the risk of developing ovarian and endometrial cancer was reduced. However, when using a lower dosage of the same hormones, the opposite trend was observed. It has been noted that women over 40 years of age are most at risk. Smoking only exacerbates the possible consequences.

It is also important that a smoking woman, taking combined OK, ages herself much faster.

Choice of contraceptives

Despite the fact that contraceptive drugs are available without a prescription, you should not choose them yourself. It is better to consult a doctor and take the necessary tests. Only after the examination, you can proceed to the choice of tablets.

It happens that hormonal drugs are prescribed for the treatment of gynecological pathologies. For example, such drugs include Visanne. It is prescribed for endometriosis, the period of use is long - from 3 months to a year. At the same time, Visanne and smoking are incompatible.

The category of estrogen-containing drugs also includes Dimia, Diane-35, Janine, Lindinet, Regulon, Yarina, Jess. Their reception, of course, is not desirable when smoking. It is better in this case to prefer progestin tablets. However, if a replacement is not possible, you should think about quitting smoking.

Prolonged and uncontrolled intake of OK can lead to hormonal imbalance and the loss of the opportunity to conceive a child in the future.

How to protect yourself while taking combined contraceptives

If it is difficult to quit smoking, but such a need arose in connection with the use of OK, you can use auxiliary means that suppress the craving for smoking. The range of modern pharmacological products is diverse. Many of them have proven themselves in practice. Everyone can find a convenient form of release for themselves.

lollipops

Such drugs are dispensed without a doctor's prescription. They contain medical nicotine. Regular use of dragees reduces withdrawal symptoms without harming the body. The active substance of an alkaloid nature in safe doses enters the bloodstream, as a result of which the feeling of discomfort disappears.

Former smokers note their convenience due to their compact size, optimal speed of action (4-6 minutes). Women say that lollipops are good for hunger. For women, the problem of weight gain when quitting smoking is always relevant. The greatest popularity in the countries of the post-Soviet space was acquired by the lollipops Nicotinet and Nicomel.

Chewing gums

Regular gum or nicotine gum can be used. In the process of chewing, nicotine from them enters the oral cavity and is absorbed through the mucous membrane and saliva. They also help to fight the desire to take up a cigarette and relieve the symptoms of smoking cessation. The dose of nicotine may vary. Gum "Nicorette" has proven itself well.

Tablets

Medicines in tablet form of release can be divided conditionally into three types:

The tablets of the first group act by analogy with lozenges and chewing gums. Antidepressants affect the parts of the brain responsible for smoking addiction. And the third group of drugs allows you to form an aversion to smoking by binding to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the brain.

Folk remedies

Traditional medicine knows a lot of recipes to help get rid of nicotine addiction. Most often, they are based on the use of decoctions of medicinal herbs, which can be found in any pharmacy.

Oats (grass or seeds) are also widely used. You can rinse your mouth with a solution of baking soda. Many noted the positive effect of the method, which involves rinsing the mouth with cow's milk before each act of smoking. After a week, the dependence is significantly weakened.

Perhaps the best thing about folk recipes is that they are affordable and harmless.

If a woman does not give up smoking and simultaneously takes estrogen-containing contraceptives, then she should carefully listen to the reactions of her body. You can and should protect yourself from severe side effects. But the best solution, of course, would be a complete cessation of smoking.

It is no secret that women who smoke, following their habit, run the risk of getting a “bouquet” of diseases by adulthood, including cardiovascular diseases, such as heart attack, stroke, thrombosis, and embolism. These diseases often make themselves felt after 35 years, and this is in the prime of life, at the most turbulent time of career growth.

Most often, it is at this age that women who have already planned a family think about contraception. Today, hormone therapy is considered the most popular means all over the world. But here the weaker sex, which has bad habits, is in great danger.

Why? Doctors have long known about the adverse dependence of smoking and hormonal contraceptives. Today, this dependence can be explained scientifically. To be clear, let's start from the beginning:

The menstrual cycle in women is maintained by the production of several hormones produced by both the gonads and the brain. The first synthesized hormone, from which the work of the reproductive function begins, is follicle-stimulating, produced by the pituitary gland. Its action is to stimulate the growth of follicles in the ovaries. Further, under its influence, the ovaries begin to produce estrogen (the female sex hormone). When the level of estrogen in the blood rises, the brain gives the opposite command, and the pituitary gland reduces the production of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and begins to produce luteinizing hormone (LH).

LH, in turn, causes the follicle to rupture and release the egg for fertilization. The follicle continues to produce estrogen and begins to produce progesterone until the expected pregnancy. If fertilization does not occur, the level of progesterone and estrogen in the blood falls, which causes menstruation.

How do hormonal contraceptives work?

The composition of hormonal contraceptives includes the hormone estrogen (or progesterone) obtained by artificial means. These hormones, as already mentioned, the body of a woman produces naturally in the pre-ovulatory period for several days of the menstrual cycle. Also, a woman's body produces these hormones continuously during pregnancy.

In the case of taking birth control pills, the brain slows down the production of follicle-stimulating and luteinizing hormones. Since these hormones play a major role in the maturation of the egg, ovulation does not occur when taking OK (oral contraceptives).

Accordingly, taking pills containing estrogen and progesterone, the body perceives as the onset of pregnancy with all the ensuing consequences.

Risks when taking hormonal pills

It is known that estrogen can cause an increased formation of blood clots, so it is imperative for a woman to donate blood for a coagulogram before starting to take OK and every three to four months while taking it in order to eliminate the threat of thrombosis.

Thrombosis is not just a disease. This is a threat to life. In addition to varicose veins, this condition can cause a blood clot to break off, blockage of the pulmonary artery and, as a result, lead to embolism, and this is already death.

For women who had a history of this disease, taking OK is contraindicated. The rest are recommended to conduct a blood test at least 3 times a year.

How smoking affects female hormones

Until recently, it was believed that smoking causes a decrease in the level of sex hormones in women. But recent research in this area has shown otherwise. Now scientists have understood the whole relationship between smoking and infertility. It turns out that an increase in estrogens and androgens (male hormones) leads to a decrease in FSH function and, as a result, to inhibition of the process of egg maturation.

But this is a question of childbearing function. If we talk about a woman’s health, then, given the “double” effect of smoking and pills on blood vessels, the risk of thrombosis, heart attack, stroke, varicose veins, embolism, atherosclerosis and other vascular diseases increases in women who smoke and take hormonal contraceptives by 8 times! And this is a very big health risk. In a special risk zone are women after 35 years. Statistics show that women who take OCs are 3 times older than 35 years old and 4 times older than 40 years old are prone to thromboembolic complications. Smoking also increases this risk by another 4 times.

In addition, new work by researchers shows that elevated levels of estrogens and androgens in the blood, caused by the combination of smoking and taking OK, provokes the risk of oncology. This combination can lead to cancer of the breast, uterus, cervix, and type 2 diabetes.

Think before you combine hormonal pills and smoking ...

Of course, pregnancy planning is an important element of a healthy society, but not in this way. All over the world, such a fact as the combination of smoking and OK is given great attention. Doctors strongly recommend quitting smoking for those who take hormonal pills.

• Statistics do not work in favor of smokers:

If a woman smokes and takes pills, she makes herself older, her biological age increases by 10 years. You can also say this: a woman who actively smokes and takes OK at the age of 30 has the same risks as a non-smoker at 39. Therefore, at the age of 30-35, a woman with an addiction should already decide on the use of hormonal contraceptives. A non-smoker will decide for himself this question only at the age of 40.

The best option is to consult a gynecologist, who, based on tests and visual examination, will prescribe an oral contraceptive. If for some reason it is not possible to contact a specialist for the selection of hormonal contraceptives, you can do it yourself. The main rule of choice: the quality of menstruation, reflecting the hormonal background. Abundant and prolonged menstrual bleeding indicates a pronounced activity of estrogen, meager and short - the activity of progestogens. Criteria for adequate selection of an oral contraceptive: good health, absence of intermenstrual bleeding, disappearance of PMS.

Contraceptives for smokers

Risks and consequences:

• increased blood clotting;
• there is a short-term vasospasm;
• the movement of blood through the veins and vessels is difficult;
• increases the risk of blood clots, which leads to myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis, stroke.

Contraceptive pills for women who smoke should not contain estradiol valerate, ethinyl estradiol, estradiol hemihydrate. They can take oral contraceptives without estrogen (“mini-drank”): Charozetta, Microlut, Lactinet, Exluton. The Pearl index "mini-drank" is 0.5-4. These drugs reliably protect against unplanned pregnancy and have a gentle effect on the body, but they control the cycle worse, which leads to constant intermenstrual bleeding. "Mini-drank" is recommended to be taken continuously on a tablet per day from the first day of menstrual bleeding. Alternative methods of protection: hormonal coil, hormonal implant, non-hormonal drug.

Contraceptives for nulliparous

For nulliparous girls and sexually active adolescents, modern combined oral contraceptives are ideal. They contain progestogen and ethinyl estradiol, they are highly effective in preventing pregnancy and have a versatile therapeutic effect - they alleviate the symptoms of PMS, relieve pain, control the menstrual cycle. In adolescents who regularly take combined contraceptives, the manifestations of dysmenorrhea disappear, the amount of blood loss during menstruation decreases, and hormonal balance is restored.

Contraceptives for girls:

Gynecologists do not recommend putting an intrauterine device in nulliparous women because of the high risk of complications: inflammation (of the uterus, cervix, appendages), damage to the cervix, heavy uterine bleeding, thinning of the endometrium, which is fraught with miscarriages at various stages of pregnancy, infertility. It is more expedient for nulliparous girls and adolescents to use safer methods of protection: non-hormonal suppositories, condoms,.

Contraceptives after abortion and miscarriage

Adequately selected contraception after an abortion or miscarriage plays an important role - it contributes to the normalization of hormonal levels, prevents the occurrence of inflammatory processes in the genital organs, prevents cervical erosion, protects against endometriosis, and reduces the severity of bleeding. After a medical abortion, the uterine mucosa is injured, re-pregnancy is strictly contraindicated, but the ability to conceive is restored as early as 8-12 days, so the choice of oral contraceptive pills should be approached responsibly.

Contraception after abortion and miscarriage

Combined contraceptives. They include low dosages of estrogens and modern progestogens. Shown to be taken 1-2 days after the abortion. Reduce the duration of bleeding, reduce the intensity of uterine contractions, control body temperature, prevent inflammation of the pelvic organs, reduce the number of early complications:

• monophasic (Regulon, Yarina, Lindinet-30, Belara);
• three-phase (Triziston, Trinovum, Triquilar).

Progestogen contraceptives ("mini-drank"): Charozetta, Microlut, Lactinet, Exluton. They have good contraceptive efficacy, do not increase blood pressure, do not increase the risk of thrombosis, do not change the functional parameters of the liver.

Birth control after pregnancy and caesarean section

The latest generation of hormonal contraceptives guarantee 99% protection against unwanted pregnancy, but 1% remains when conception occurs while taking the drug. Contraceptives during pregnancy do not harm the fetus, doctors do not have reliable information about the existing relationship between taking contraceptives and malformations in an infant if a woman takes pills for no more than 1 month of pregnancy. Starting from the 6th week, the reproductive system begins to form in the fetus, which is sensitive to the action of hormones, so taking pregnant drugs in this group can provoke functional disorders in the child. Having learned about pregnancy, a woman needs to contact a gynecologist who will offer the best solution to the problem.

Methods of contraception after childbirth and caesarean:

Spermicides(Benatex, Pharmatex, Contraceptin). Used when resuming sexual relations against the background of lactation or in combination with other methods of protection. The reliability of the method is 90-92%, the contraceptive effect occurs 5-15 minutes after administration, lasts 2-6 hours.

Progestogenic oral contraceptives (Charozetta, Microlut, Lactinet, Exluton). Preparations of this group begin to be taken 6-6.5 weeks after birth. With regular and adequate use of mini-pills, their contraceptive effectiveness reaches 97-98%.

Combined OK. Taking gestagen-estrogen is possible only if breastfeeding is stopped, since estrogen negatively affects the quality / quantity of breast milk, reduces the duration of lactation. Tablets should be taken according to a specific scheme, without gaps. The contraceptive reliability of COCs is 99-100%.

Contraception after caesarean section is similar to contraception after natural delivery, there is only one difference - pills should be taken 8-9 weeks after birth.

Contraceptives for varicose veins and ovarian cysts

Varicose veins do not apply to absolute contraindications to the use of hormonal contraception, however, the gestagens and estrogens that are part of the preparations can worsen blood clotting and the condition of venous vessels. To exclude the risk of a serious pathology - deep vein thrombosis, it is recommended to be observed by a phlebologist when taking oral contraceptives for a long time. The appearance of edema of the lower extremities, pain, discomfort, heaviness while taking hormonal pills is a reason to immediately contact a specialist.

Hormonal contraceptives for functional ovarian cysts are used as a priority method of treatment. Temporary cysts (functional) occur in women of reproductive age, with properly selected conservative therapy, they disappear after 2-3 months. With uncomplicated cysts, biphasic and monophasic oral contraceptives are indicated in conjunction with acupuncture and vitamin therapy.

Contraceptives while breastfeeding

During lactation, a woman needs safe, reliable and effective contraception. The method of protection depends on the time elapsed after labor and the feeding regimen of the baby. The contraceptive should not adversely affect the secretion of milk and the health of the baby. Combined OK containing estrogens and progestogen can be taken only after the cessation of lactation. Tablets "mini-drank" with progestins for lactating women can be taken 5-6.5 weeks after childbirth. Their effectiveness with regular and adequate intake in combination with breastfeeding is 97-98%.

Contraceptives for mastopathy and uterine myoma

Combined oral contraceptives for mastopathy are the preferred method of contraception. In women who take COCs for a long time, their condition improves significantly, the menstrual cycle stabilizes, soreness of the mammary glands disappears, and a progressive decrease in the frequency of mastopathy is observed. Drugs of choice: monophasic COCs (Lindinet-20,

Very often on the forums, women are interested in whether birth control pills are compatible with smoking? We will deal with this important issue together with Evgeny Konkova, our consultant on hormonal contraception. It's no secret that smoking is unhealthy in and of itself. And in combination with taking estrogen-containing * birth control pills, the harmful effects of nicotine increase several times.

* Estrogen-containing are combined contraceptives that contain the hormone estrogen. It is also contained in the Evra hormonal patch and in the Novaring vaginal ring.

The effect of smoking on the body:

1. blood pressure rises
2. increases the frequency of contractions of the heart muscle
3. transient vasospasm occurs

Side effects of estrogen-containing birth control pills

1. increased blood clotting
2. the movement of blood through the vessels and veins is hindered

The biggest trouble for those who like to smoke a cigarette is that this addiction leads to the formation of blood clots. And thrombosis is the cause of atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction and stroke. That is why WHO does not recommend that women who smoke (especially if they are over 35 years of age) use estrogen-containing hormonal preparations.

Factors that provoke the formation of blood clots:

• smoking;
• overweight (obesity);
• arterial hypertension (high blood pressure);
• diabetes;
• valvular heart disease;
• prolonged immobilization;
• major surgery or extensive trauma,
• forced standing or sedentary work (hairdressers, salesmen, drivers, office workers);
• hereditary predisposition to thrombosis (thrombosis, myocardial infarction or cerebrovascular accident at a young age in one of the next of kin);
• dyslipoproteinemia;
• dyslipidemia.

Therefore, if you are over 35 years of age and you fall under at least one item on this list, then you need to choose a contraceptive that does not contain estrogen.

Contraceptives for women who smoke

A smoking woman should understand that even the smallest dose of estrogen contained in the drug increases blood clotting. In no case do not listen to the advice of "well-wishers" that modern microdose birth control pills can be taken without risk to health.

ATTENTION!!!
If the contraceptive pill contains ethinyl estradiol, estradiol valerate or estradiol hemihydrate, then this drug is contraindicated for you. It is also impossible to use the Evra hormonal patch and the Novaring vaginal ring as contraception.

These drugs also reliably protect against unwanted pregnancy, but they have an unpleasant drawback. Purely gestagenic preparations, unlike combined ones, control the menstrual cycle worse and intermenstrual bleeding may occur when they are taken. This bleeding is not harmful to health, but it can cause some discomfort. Therefore, you need to prioritize: either endure intermenstrual bleeding, or quit smoking and switch to more convenient combined birth control pills.

There are other methods of hormonal contraception for women who smoke - this is a hormonal coil, which is installed in the uterine cavity for a period of 5 years. Or a hormonal implant. It is injected under the skin and provides reliable contraception for up to 3 years.

With an irregular sexual life, you can use non-hormonal contraceptives: birth control candles or creams, a regular intrauterine device or a condom.

See article

Additional Information

On our forum, the question is often asked, is it possible to use combined estrogen birth control pills if a woman is under 35 years old and does not smoke very much. In such a situation, it is possible, but before starting use, it is advisable to take a blood test for hereditary thrombophilia. This analysis must be taken by those who have had problems with pregnancy, have APS syndrome, have a history of thrombosis; if one of the close relatives had a death at a young age from a stroke, heart attack.

In the process of taking birth control pills, a woman who smokes should take an annual test to check blood clotting (coagulogram). To prevent increased blood clotting, drink enough fluids (1.5 2 liters per day), especially in the heat. More physical activity, less fatty, fried and sweet. To thin the blood, you can use onions, garlic, cherries, cranberries, blueberries and ginger. On the recommendation of a doctor, special drugs that thin the blood can be prescribed.

And the best way to avoid harmful effects on the circulatory system and other organs is to stop smoking, using, for example, the effective technique of Allen Carr "

Site of gynecologist-endocrinologist Dr. Sikirina, dedicated to the main issues of life and health of a modern woman.
Contraceptive pills and smoking
Birth control pills and smoking.

Women who smoke can take birth control pills without estrogen (so-called progestin birth control pills or "mini-pill"). These include: Lactinet, Charozetta, Exluton and Microlut.
These drugs also reliably protect against unwanted pregnancy, but they have an unpleasant drawback. Purely gestagenic preparations, unlike combined ones, control the menstrual cycle worse and intermenstrual bleeding may occur when they are taken.

And the best way to avoid harmful effects on the circulatory system and other organs is to stop smoking, using, for example, Allen Carr's effective method "The Easy Way to Quit Smoking".
Forum: Contraceptive pills and smoking.
New on the forum.

Very often on the forums, women are interested in whether birth control pills are compatible with smoking? We will deal with this important issue together with Evgeny Konkova, our consultant on hormonal contraception. It's no secret that smoking is unhealthy in and of itself. And in combination with taking estrogen-containing * birth control pills, the harmful effects of nicotine increase several times.
* Estrogen-containing These are combined contraceptives that contain the hormone estrogen.

Factors that provoke the formation of blood clots:
smoking; overweight (obesity); arterial hypertension (high blood pressure); diabetes; valvular heart disease; prolonged immobilization; serious surgical interventions or extensive trauma, forced standing or sedentary work (hairdressers, sellers, drivers, office workers); hereditary predisposition to thrombosis (thrombosis, myocardial infarction or cerebrovascular accident at a young age in one of the next of kin); dyslipoproteinemia; dyslipidemia.
Therefore, if you are over 35 years of age and you fall under at least one item on this list, then you need to choose a contraceptive that does not contain estrogen.
Contraceptives for women who smoke.
A smoking woman should understand that even the smallest dose of estrogen contained in the drug increases blood clotting. In no case do not listen to the advice of "well-wishers" that modern microdose birth control pills can be taken without risk to health.

To prevent increased blood clotting, drink enough fluids (1.5 2 liters per day), especially in the heat. More physical activity, less fatty, fried and sweet.

It is also contained in the Evra hormonal patch and in the Novaring vaginal ring.
The effect of smoking on the body: blood pressure rises, the frequency of contractions of the heart muscle increases, a short-term vasospasm occurs, blood clotting increases, the movement of blood through the vessels and veins becomes more difficult.
Side effects of estrogen-containing birth control pills.

Increased blood clotting, the movement of blood through the vessels and veins is difficult.
The biggest trouble for those who like to smoke a cigarette is that this addiction leads to the formation of blood clots. And thrombosis is the cause of atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction and stroke. That is why WHO does not recommend that women who smoke (especially if they are over 35 years of age) use estrogen-containing hormonal preparations.

If the contraceptive pill contains ethinyl estradiol, estradiol valerate or estradiol hemihydrate, then this drug is contraindicated for you. It is also impossible to use the Evra hormonal patch and the Novaring vaginal ring as contraception.

This bleeding is not harmful to health, but it can cause some discomfort. Therefore, you need to prioritize: either endure intermenstrual bleeding, or quit smoking and switch to more convenient combined birth control pills.
There are other methods of hormonal contraception for women who smoke - this is the Mirena hormonal coil, which is installed in the uterine cavity for a period of 5 years. Or the hormonal implant Implanon.

To thin the blood, you can use onions, garlic, cherries, cranberries, blueberries and ginger. On the recommendation of a doctor, special drugs that thin the blood can be prescribed.

It is injected under the skin and provides reliable contraception for up to 3 years.
With an irregular sexual life, you can use non-hormonal contraceptives: birth control candles or creams, a regular intrauterine device or a condom.
Additional Information.

20002017 Sikirina Olga Iosifovna (gynecologist-endocrinologist, Moscow)
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On our forum, the question is often asked, is it possible to use combined estrogen birth control pills if a woman is under 35 years old and does not smoke very much. In such a situation, it is possible, but before starting use, it is advisable to take a blood test for hereditary thrombophilia. This analysis must be taken by those who have had problems with pregnancy, have APS syndrome, have a history of thrombosis; if one of the close relatives had a death at a young age from a stroke, heart attack.
In the process of taking birth control pills, a woman who smokes should take an annual test to check blood clotting (coagulogram).